• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.77-93
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• 2015

As the range of the customer choice becomes more diverse, the average life span of companies' products and services is becoming shorter. Most companies are striving to maximize the revenue by understanding the customer's needs and providing customized products and services. However, companies had to bear a significant burden, in terms of the time and cost involved in the process of determining each individual customer's needs. Therefore, an alternative method is employed that involves grouping the customers into different categories based on certain criteria and establishing a marketing strategy tailored for each group. In this way, customer segmentation and customer clustering are performed using demographic information and behavioral information. Demographic information included sex, age, income level, and etc., while behavioral information was usually identified indirectly through customers' purchase history and search history. However, there is a limitation regarding companies' customer behavioral information, because the information is usually obtained through the limited data provided by a customer on a company's website. This is because the pattern indicated when a customer accesses a particular site might not be representative of the general tendency of that customer. Therefore, in this study, rather than the pattern indicated through a particular site, a customer's interest is identified using that customer's access record pertaining to external news. Hence, by utilizing this method, we proposed a methodology to perform customer segmentation. In addition, by extracting the main issues through a topic analysis covering approximately 3,000 Internet news articles, the actual experiment applying customer segmentation is performed and the applicability of the proposed methodology is analyzed.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2004

This study is aimed to assess the general population's attitude toward the continuity of medical care and its related factors. Self administered questionnaire was performed on the 1,120 office workers in the C city, Gang-won province. The questionnaire included the attitude of the continuity of medical institute, the intention of medical service use on a given case, and the variables of the related factors. 58.8% of the total respondents agreed to sustaining treatment without changing medical institutes; on the other hand, 41.2% showed negative attitude. In case that a patient would gain a recommendation of a surgery, hospitalization, or a specific examination, the total respondents' 84.9%, 61.8%, and 50.8% of each recommended situation said that they would visit another doctor and gain a diagnosis. As a result of multiple logistic analysis of determinant factor on continuity, reliability of doctors was statistically significant factor. In order to reduce wastefully used medical resources and offer well-qualified medical service, a system of second opinion among peer group or beforehand agreement could be possibly adopted. In addition, improving the image and reliability of a doctor could be an important factor to make better the behavior of medical service shopping; therefore, an effort to improve the relationship between a doctor and a patient, and restore the reliability of doctors should be paralleled.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.1145-1153
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• 2009

The object of this study was to obtain acute information single oral dose toxicity of Mahwangbujaseshin-tang extracts, with mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus test for detecting possible genotoxicity. In order to observe the 50% lethal dose, approximate lethal dosage, maximum tolerance dosage and target organs, test articles were once orally administered to ICR mice at dose levels of 2000, 1000, 50 mg/kg according to the recommendation of KFDA Guidelines. The mortality and changes on body weight, clinical signs and gross observation were monitored during 14 days after dosing according to KFDA Guidelines with organ weights of 12 types of principle organs. In addition, after twice oral treatment of Mahwangbujaseshin-tang extracts 2000, 1000 and 500 mg/kg, we checked the changes on the number of MNPCE. We could not find any mortality, clinical signs, changes in the body weight and gross findings upto 2000 mg/kg treated group. The limited dosages in rodents except for increases of lymphoid organ weights and hypertrophy encounted as results from pharmacological effects of Mahwangbujaseshin-tang extracts, immune modulator effects with some sporadic accidental findings not toxicological signs. No evidence of increases of MNPCE numbers were also detected in all three different dosages of Mahwangbujaseshin-tang extracts treated mice. The results obtained in this study suggest that the LD50 and ALD of Mahwangbujaseshin-tang extracts in mice were considered as over 2000 mg/kg because no mortalities were detected upto 2000 mg/kg that was the highest dose recommended by KFDA and OECD. And the results of mouse bone marrow micronucleus test of Mahwangbujaseshin-tang extracts is negative results.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.186-194
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• 2014

The object of this study was to obtain acute toxicity information (single-dose oral toxicity) of Woohwangchungshim-won (WHCSW), a pill type herbal medicine used in Korean Medicine (KM) for treating stroke. In order to obtain the 50% lethal dose (LD50), approximate lethal dosage (ALD) and target organs, WHCSW powders were once orally administered to female and male ICR mice at dose levels of 2,000, 1,000, 500 and 0 (control) mg/kg (body weight.) according to the recommendation of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) Guidelines (Notification No. 2009-116). The mortality and changes in the body weight, clinical signs and gross observation were monitored for 14 days after single-dose oral administration of WHCSW according to KFDA Guidelines with organ weights and histopathological changes were observed in 12 principle organs. After single-dose oral administration of WHCSW, we could not find any mortality and toxicological evidences up to 2,000 mg/kg-administered group, except for some accidental findings and dose-independent increases of body weight gains in female 1,000 and 500 mg/kg-administered female mice. The results obtained in this study suggest that the LD50 and ALD of WHCSW in both female and male mice after single-dose oral administration were considered as over 2,000 mg/kg because no mortalities were detected up to 2,000 mg/kg that was the highest dose recommended by KFDA and Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), and can be safely used in clinics.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1687-1692
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• 2012

Background: Few studies have examined theoretically informed constructs related to hepatitis B (HBV) testing, and comparisons across studies are challenging due to lack of uniformity in constructs assessed. The present analysis examined relationships among Health Behavior Framework factors across four Asian American groups to advance the development of theory-based interventions for HBV testing in at-risk populations. Methods: Data were collected from 2007-2010 as part of baseline surveys during four intervention trials promoting HBV testing among Vietnamese-, Hmong-, Korean- and Cambodian-Americans (n = 1,735). Health Behavior Framework constructs assessed included: awareness of HBV, knowledge of transmission routes, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, doctor recommendation, stigma of HBV infection, and perceived efficacy of testing. Within each group we assessed associations between our intermediate outcome of knowledge of HBV transmission and other constructs, to assess the concurrent validity of our model and instruments. Results: While the absolute levels for Health Behavior Framework factors varied across groups, relationships between knowledge and other factors were generally consistent. This suggests similarities rather than differences with respect to posited drivers of HBV-related behavior. Discussion: Our findings indicate that Health Behavior Framework constructs are applicable to diverse ethnic groups and provide preliminary evidence for the construct validity of the Health Behavior Framework.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.75-80
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• 2014

Transportation culture is an inseparable part of a group's overall culture. Since the term "transportation" is directly related to vehicular movement, I would like to propose the more general term: transportation culture and use that in the following paragraphs. Transportation culture is on one hand expressed by the consumers of transportation services reflecting their overall social culture and on the other hand taken into account by transportation professionals. Ministry of Land and Transportation conducted the Transportation Culture Index, a nationally representative survey, to assess a few key indicators of the degree to which ttransportation culture is valued and is being pursued every year. In this study, recommendation for TCI are explained based on theoretical framework and changing environment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.211-221
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• 2014

The study aims to estimate the determinants of policyholder's trust for the Chinese insurance industry by structural equation model. In particular, differences in determinants of trust among Chinese life insurance and auto insurance were derived from the latent mean and multi group analysis. The result shows the most effective determinants of trust were honesty, followed by credibility which shows the compensation ability of insurance company. However, benevolence is not influence statistically on the determinants of trust of both life insurance and auto insurance. Moreover, the policyholder's trust for the insurance industry was later extended to relationship commitment such as renewal and recommendation intentions. Especially, the linkage between the level of trust and relationship commitment was the strongest in life insurance than auto insurance. Even though the result is differ based on types of insurance, in order for the insurance industry to grow stably it is importance to get trust from policyholder.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.759-765
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the choice motivation of dental clinics by patients. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 577 patients visiting the dental clinics from October 6 to 25, 2014 in G city after explaining the purpose of the study and receiving the informed consent. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic characteristics and choice motivation of dental clinics using Likert 5 point scale. Results: 1. The traffic convenience was the highest in those who were the 30s (3.37) and unmarried person (3.30). Those having moderate oral health condition showed 3.23. The regular checkup group had 3.33. The physical environment was the highest in the 20s (3.37) and the unmarried persons (3.33). Those having master's degree showed 3.86. The reputation of the dental clinic image was the highest in those having master's degree (3.63). Those having moderate oral health condition had 3.28. The main reason for dental clinic visit was tooth extraction (3.79, p<0.05). 2. The top priority choice for the dental clinic was the access to the dental clinic and the next reason was reputation for the dentist. The other choice factors included trust for the dentist, recommendation, and night treatment. Conclusions: The important choice for the dental clinic included the access to the dental clinic and reputation for the dentist.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.46-58
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• 2013

Objectives : The object of this study was to obtain acute information (single oral dose toxicity) of Scutellariae Radix Aqueous Extracts (SR; yield = 27.20%) which traditionally have been used in Korean medicine for treating various diseases including inflammatory diseases. Methods : In order to observe the 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$), approximate lethal dosage (ALD) and target organs, SR Aqueous Extracts were once orally administered to female and male ICR mice at dose levels of 2,000, 1,000, 500 and 0 (control) mg/kg (body weight.) according to the recommendation of KFDA Guidelines. The mortality and changes on body weight, clinical signs and gross observation were monitored during 14 days after single oral treatment of SR according to KFDA Guidelines with organ weights and histopathological observations of 14 types of principle organs. Results : After single oral treatment of SR, we could not find any mortality and toxicological evidences up to 2,000 mg/kg treated group, the limited dosages in rodents, on the body and organ weights, clinical signs, gross and histopathological observations, except for some accidental findings. Conclusions : The results obtained in this study suggest that the $LD_{50}$ and ALD of SR in both female and male mice after single oral treatment be considered as over 2,000 mg/kg because no mortalities were detected up to 2,000 mg/kg that was the highest dose recommended by KFDA and OECD, and can be safely used in clinics.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.67-79
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• 2009

Although readjustment of monitoring system for existing fill dam maintenance is needed by the sustainable increasing of the abandonment rate of monitoring devices by malfunction through the life-cycle of dam, monitoring plans for long-term dam safety has relied on the experience and the opinion of minor expert group without systematic and quantitative analysis on the failure modes and the priority order of monitoring devices on maintenance. In this study the priority order of monitoring devices of existing 5 fill dams was evaluated quantitatively based on the preceding study (Andersen et al, 1999) and the result recommended the establishment of real-time monitoring system for seepage, pore pressure and crest settlement as the readjustment plan for existing fill dam monitoring system. This readjustment plan matches well with the recommendation of PWRI (1984), JCOLD (1986) and the results from Bagherzadeh-Khakkahali and Mirghasemi (2005).