• 한국노년학
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.365-383
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• 2018

본 연구는 노후불안인식의 수준과 노후불안인식에 영향을 주는 요인을 각 연령집단별로 살펴보고, 노후불안을 낮추기 위해 사회적으로 어떠한 대안이 마련되어야 하는지 탐색하기 위한 목적으로 진행되었다. "2017 연령통합 설문 조사" 자료를 사용하였으며, 총 1,017명의 조사대상자를 청년층 307명, 중년층 357명, 노년층 353명의 3개 연령집단으로 구분하여 노후불안인식 영향 요인들을 비교분석하였다. 각 연령집단 간 노후불안인식의 정도에 차이가 있는지 분산분석을 통해 살펴보았으며, 노후불안인식에 대한 각 변수들의 영향력을 다중회귀분석을 통해 분석해 보았다. 분석결과, 각 연령집단별 노후불안인식에는 차이가 없었으나, 그에 영향을 미치는 요인에는 집단 간 차이가 있었다. 노후불안인식에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석한 회귀분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 노인낙인은 모든 연령집단에서 노후불안인식에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 근로가능연령은 청년층과 중년층에서 노후불안인식에 영향을 미치고 있었다. 사회공정성인식은 중년층과 노년층에서 노후불안인식에 영향을 주는 요인으로 분석되었다. 연령통합인식과 고령친화적 환경 변인은 노년층에서만 노후불안인식에 유의미한 영향을 미치고 있었다. 본 연구는 노후불안에 대해 사회적 관점에서 접근하고자 하였으며, 노년기에 대한 인식과 사회 환경에 대한 인식과의 연관성을 통해 실증적으로 규명하고자 하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.133-144
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• 1999

This study aims at identifying the effect of problem posing on the academic achievement in high school mathematics. As subjects of the study, two classes of first grade in high school were selected. One of them was treated with problem posing learning, the other was treated with learning-in-a-body. Each has 40 students and was also divided into two groups(high- level and low-level) according to their learning-level. Two instruments were used for this study. One was the teaching-learning method developed by the researcher. The other was TTCT(Torrance Test of Creative Thinking). The 't-test' was used for this study and the significant level of test was within 5 percent. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The group with problem posing learning showed significantly higher academic achievement(learning-ability) than the one with learning-in-a-body. 2. There was no significant difference in the academic achievement(creativity) between the two groups. But there was significant difference in the creative factors. 3. There was no significant differences in the academic achievement between high-level-groups in each group. 4. There was significant difference in the academic achievement (learning-ability) between low-level groups in each group. And there was significant difference in the creative factors. On the basis of the results above, the following conclusions could be made. The problem posing learning method was more effective in the academic achievement in highschool mathematics than learning-in-a-body. Especially low-level group was more effective than high-level group. These facts implies that it is more effective for a teacher to adopt the problem posing learning considering the students' learning-levels.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.244-248
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate marginal bony changes in relation to different vertical positions of dental implants. Methods: Two hundred implants placed in 107 patients were examined. The implants were classified by the vertical positions of the fixture-abutment connection (microgap): 'bone level,' 'above bone level,' or 'below bone level.' Marginal bone levels were examined in the radiographs taken immediately after fixture insertion, immediately after second-stage surgery, 6 months after prosthesis insertion, and 1 year after prosthesis insertion. Radiographic evaluation was carried out by measuring the distance between the microgap and the most coronal bone-to-implant contact (BIC). Results: Immediately after fixture insertion, the distance between the microgap and most coronal BIC was $0.06{\pm}0.68\;mm$; at second surgery, $0.43{\pm}0.83\;mm$; 6 months after loading, $1.36{\pm}0.56\;mm$; and 1 year after loading, $1.53{\pm}0.51\;mm$ ($mean{\pm}SD$). All bony changes were statistically significant but the difference between the second surgery and the 6-month loading was greater than between other periods. In the 'below bone level' group, the marginal bony change between fixture insertion and 1 year after loading was about 2.25 mm, and in the 'bone level' group, 1.47 mm, and in 'above bone level' group, 0.89 mm. Therefore, the marginal bony change was smaller than other groups in the 'above bone level' group and larger than other groups in the 'below bone level' group. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that marginal bony changes occur during the early phase of healing after implant placement. These changes are dependent on the vertical positions of implants.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.994-1002
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to identify the effects of hope intervention on hope and depression of cancer patients staying at home. Methods: The study design was a randomized control group design. The subjects consisted of forty cancer patients randomly selected who were registered at S-Gu Public Health Center. Hope intervention, which was composed of hope assessment, hope objective setting, positive self identity formation, therapeutic relationships, spiritual & transcendental process improvement, positive environmental formation and hope evaluation, was provided from November 20, 2006 to January 26, 2007. Results: The 1-1 hypothesis, "The experimental group which received hope intervention will have a higher score of hope than the control group", was supported(t=-3.253, p= .003). The 1-2 hypothesis, "The experimental group which received hope intervention will have a higher level of hope index than the control group", was supported (t=-4.001, p= .000). Therefore the 1st hypothesis, "The experimental group which received hope intervention will have a higher level of hope than the control group" was supported. The 2nd hypothesis, "The experimental group which received hope intervention will have a lower level of depression than the control group", was not supported (t=1.872, p= .070). Conclusion: Hope intervention is an effective nursing intervention to enhance hope for patient with cancer.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.129-146
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Solanum lyratum Extract (SLE) on the recovery of liver in $CCI_{4}-intoxicated$ mice. In this study, ICR-Mice were divided into 3 experimental groups; Normal group was fed basal diet and was fed bassal diet for 2 Weeks, sample group was injected $CCl_{4}\;(0.6m{\ell}/kg)$ and was fed basal diet for 2 weeks, sample group was injected $CCl_{4}\;(0.6m{\ell}/kg)$ and was fed the SLE 500mg/kg fod 2 Weeks. In sample group, the level of serum AST, ALT, ALP activity decreased significantly compared with control group. This results suggest that SLE has appreciable therapeutic effect on $CCI_4$ induced hepatotoxicity. In sample group, the level of LPO in liver homogenates decreased significantly compared with control group. In sample group. the level of GSH, catalase in liver homogenates increased significantly compared with control group. This results suggest that SLE has appreciable antioxidant effect on $CCI_4induced hepatotoxicity. In conclusion the results suggest that SLE has appreciable therapeutic effect and antioxidant effect on $CCI_4$ induced hepatotoxicity.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.177-183
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• 1986

Subjective symptoms, counts of blood cells and liver function test were conducted on 198 male workers who were exposed to toluene in Kyungin area from September to November, 1986. According to the level of urinary hippuric acid concentration, the total sample was classified into the high exposure group ($concentration{\geqq}3g/1$) and the low exposure group(concentration<3g/1). The following findings were obtained by comparing the two group: 1) Contrary to the previous findings. the urinary hippuric acid concentration of toluene exposed workers showed bimodal distribution. It meant that the toluene exposed workers were mixed with the non-exposed or minimal exposed workers. 2) The high exposure group showed a lower level of leucocytes counts ($6,630{\pm}1,860{\mu}l$) than the low exposure group ($6,340{\pm}1,960/{\mu}l$). 3) The high exposure group showed a higher level of SGOT, SGPT and r-GTP than the low exposure group (p<0.05). 4) The high exposure group complained much more subjective symptoms (e. g. skin rash, loss of appetite, palpitation) than the low exposure group.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2005

Objectives : Mahwangkanghwal-tang(Mahuangqianghuo-tang;MKT) is a prescription that treat clinically arthritis. The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of MKT extract on the adjuvant arthritis in pathological rats induced by Freund's complete adjvant($0.2m{\ell}/kg$). Methods : Experimental groups were divided into 4 groups ; Normal group were administered DDW $1.0m{\ell}$ to normal rats for 14 days, Control group were administered DDW $1.0m{\ell}$ to arthritic rats for 14 days, Sample A group were administered MKT $300m{\ell}/kg$ $1.0m{\ell}$ to arthritic rats for 14 days, Sample B group were administered MKT $500m{\ell}/kg$ $1.0m{\ell}$ to arthritic rats for 14 days. The present author observed body weight, inhibitory effect of edema, analgesic effects by hot plate, WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet, total serum protein level and total serum cholesterol level. Results : 1. All sample group were increased body weight compared with control group, sample B group were significantly increased body weighty compared with control group. 2. All sample group significantly inhibited the rated of paw edema compared with control group. 3. All sample group significantly prolongated the escaping time compared with control group, sample B group significantly prolongated the paw licking time compared with control group. 4. All sample group were significantly decreased WBC compared with control group, sample B group were significantly decreased RBC compared with control group. 5. All sample group ware decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit compared with control group. 6. All sample group ware increased total serum cholesterol compared with control group, sample B group were significantly decreased platelet compared with control group. 7. All sample group ware significantly decreased total serum protein level compared with control group. 8. All sample group ware increased total serum cholesterol compared with control group, sample B group were significantly increased total serum cholesterol level compared with control group. Conclusions : We thought that Mahwangkanghwal-tang(Mahuangqianghuo-tang) could be used for curing rheumatoid arthritis, anti-inflammatory effect was somewhat better in much than small dosage.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2003

This study aimed to investigate the effect of each constituent-herb of Sagoonja-Tang on the plasma corticosterone level in mice exposed to heat stress. Each formula(0.5g/kg, 1.0g/kg) was injected intragastrically to mice exposed to forced hot water swimming(42$^{\circ}C$, 3min) before measuring the change of plasma corticosterone level of mice. The results were as follows: 1. At 15 minutes after the heat stress for 3 minutes the most significant increase of corticosterone level was shown. 2. Ginseng group didn't show significant changes. 3. Atractylodis group showed significant decrease at 0.5g/kg dose(P<0.05). But it showed slightly increase at 1.0g/kg dose. 4. Poria group didn't show significant changes. 5. Glycyrrhizae group showed slightly increase, but insignificant. These data revealed that Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma might have the anti-stress effect through the control of plasma corticosterone level in mice exposed to heat stress.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect and $\beta-endorphin$ level as conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) application on acupuncture paints. Twelve healthy adult male volunteers were participated in this study. The subjects were assigned to TENS group (n=6) and naloxone group (n=6). The LI 3 and M 10 meridian points of dominant arm were stimulated comfortably with 100 pps, $75{\mu}s$ conventional TENS for 30 minutes. Experimental pain threshold measurement and plasma $\beta-endorphin$ level were detected before and after conventional TENS application. Experimental pain threshold increased significantly (p<.01) but plasma $\beta-endorphin$ level was not change in TENS group. Experimental pain threshold increased significantly (p<.01) but plasma $\beta-endorphin$ level was not change in naloxone group. In this study, the conventional TENS induced analgesic effect, and plama $\beta-endorphin$ level was not increase concomitantly with analgesia. These results suggest that the $\beta-endorphin$ did not involved in conventional TENS analgesia.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.48-64
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• 1997

This study was conducted to evaluate the satisfaction level of interns and residents on training and job environment of two university hospitals in Pusan. The concept of subject's satisfaction was evaluated in general characteristics, socioeconomic status, working condition, human relationship, and job status and scored from 1 to 5. The newly developed questionnaire for this study(32 items) was revised and modified by the preliminary survey. The internal consistency of questionnaire was 0.73(Cronbach's alpha). The self-administered questionnaire was provided to 218 subjects and collected the answering from March 2 to March 25th, 1997, and statistical significances were tested by $x^2-test$, t-test and ANOVA. The satisfaction level between the residents group was significantly different, but satisfaction level of working condition, human relationship and job status showed no difference. The service division part showed highest(2.73) and the surgical division part showed lowest(2.57). The job satisfaction level between the subjects showed higher satisfaction level in working condition, socioeconomic status, and total satisfaction dimension, and intern group showed higher satisfaction level than resident group. Satisfaction level in human relationship dimension, resident group showed higher satisfaction level than intern group, but showed no statistically difference. To improve the working condition for residents, public welfare facilities was firstly suggested and the next was salary increase, overloaded work, respectively. For intern groups, overloaded work and waste work were firstly suggested and the next was public welfare facilities and salary increase, sequentially. The career gets longer, the satisfaction level on general characteristics of working condition, socioeconomic status, and total satisfaction level were increased. The subjects who have religion and higher socioeconomic status showed higher satisfaction level than the other group. The general satisfaction level of subjects in all dimensions showed lower aver age(3.0) and the overall satisfaction level showed below than average. Thus, in order to improvement of subject's working condition, higher quality of life is necessary rather than economic state. In future, these results might be considered to improve the working condition for interns and residents.