• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.2180-2200
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• 2015

This paper considers mobility control to improve packet delivery in delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) under group mobility. Based on the group structure in group mobility, we propose two mobility control techniques; group formation enforcement and group purposeful movement. Both techniques can be used to increase the contact opportunities between groups by extending the group's reachability. In addition, they can be easily integrated into some existing DTN routing schemes under group mobility to effectively expedite the packet delivery. This paper is divided into 2 parts. First, we study how our proposed mobility control schemes reduce the packet delivery delay in DTNs by integrating them into one simple routing scheme called group-epidemic routing (G-ER). For each scheme, we analytically derive the cumulative density function of the packet delivery delay to show how it can effectively reduce the packet delivery delay. Then, based on our second proposed technique, the group purposeful movement, we design a new DTN routing scheme, called purposeful movement assisted routing (PMAR), to further reduce the packet delay. Extensive simulations in NS2 have been conducted to show the significant improvement of PMAR over G-ER under different practical network conditions.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.45-80
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to make research on the method of arbitration agreement, the adoption and contents of the Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts, and the standpoint and problem with reference to the new Convention's application to the method of arbitration agreement in New York Convention. Last year the UN General Assembly and UNCITRAL adopted a new Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts that makes agreements by electronic communications enforceable, including arbitration agreements under the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral A wards (New York Convention). Aimed at enhancing legal certainty and commercial predictability where electronic communications are used in relation to international contracts, the provisions of the Convention deal with, among other things, determining a party's location in an electronic environment; the time and place of dispatch and receipt of electronic communications; and the use of automated message systems for contract formation. Under the New York Convention, arbitration agreements in international contracts must be reduced to writing before they can be enforced. But under the new Convention, an arbitration agreement made entirely in electronic form would be enforceable. The working group expressed overall support in favor of the inclusion of a reference to the New York Convention in the new Convention. However, one proposal was that the exclusions provided under article 2 of the new Convention might be too broadly worded to adequately accommodate the New York Convention. In conclusion, Korea's government authorities should take prompt measures to sign and ratify the new Convention, and declare on the scope of its application. Also Korea's arbitration institute should make preparation for the amendment of the arbitration act and arbitration rules in accordance with the new Convention.