• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.23-35
• /
• 2023

Korea Augmentation Satellite System (KASS) is a satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) that provides approach procedure with vertical guidance-I (APV-I) level corrections and integrity information to Korea territory. KASS is used to monitor navigation performance in real-time, and this paper introduces the design, implementation, and verification process of mission monitoring (MIMO) in KASS. MIMO was developed in compliance with the Minimum Operational Performance Standards of the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics for Global Positioning System (GPS)/SBAS airborne equipment. In this study, the MIMO system was verified by comparing and analyzing the outputs of reference tools. Additionally, the definition and derivation method of accuracy, integrity, continuity, and availability subject to MIMO were examined. The internal and external interfaces and functions were then designed and implemented. The GPS data pre-processing was minimized during the implementation to evaluate the navigation performance experienced by general users. Subsequently, tests and verification methods were used to compare the obtained results based on reference tools. The test was performed using the KASS dataset, which included GPS and SBAS observations. The decoding performance of the developed MIMO was identical to that of the reference tools. Additionally, the navigation performance was verified by confirming the similarity in trends. As MIMO is a component of KASS used for real-time monitoring of the navigation performance of SBAS, the KASS operator can identify whether an abnormality exists in the navigation performance in real-time. Moreover, the preliminary identification of the abnormal point during the post-processing of data can improve operational efficiency.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2009

도시공간정보 통합플랫폼은 도시의 체계적이고 과학적인 관리, 특히 지상 및 지하시설물 관리에 필요한 센서 및 미들웨어 기술, 유무선 네트워크, GIS-USN 연계 등의 요소기술이 집적된 지능형 도시운영 시스템 기반 환경으로 정의된다. 도시공간정보 통합플랫폼은 도시 시설물 관리 대상 시설물인 상수도, 하수도, 가스, 난방, 송유, 전력, 통신의 지하시설물과 교량, 육교, 터널 등 도시 지상시설물 등 도로기반시설물 관리를 지능화 할 수 있는 시스템을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 지능형 도시공간정보 통합플랫폼 참조모델 개발을 위해 개방형 분산처리 레퍼런스 모델 (RM-ODP, Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing)의 적용을 통해 표준화된 참조모델을 도출하였다.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2014

Government has recently restricted heating and cooling set temperatures for the commercial and public buildings due to increasing national energy consumption. The goal of this paper is to visualize a future two way indoor set temperature control impact on building energy consumption by using TRNSYS simulation modeling. The building was modelled based on the twin test cell with the same dimension. Air source ground coupled heat pump performance data has been used for modeling by TRNSYS 17. Daejeon weather data has been used from Korea Solar Energy Society. The heating set temperature in the reference room is $24^{\circ}C$ as well as the target room set temperature are $23^{\circ}C$, $22^{\circ}C$, $21^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. The cooling set temperature of the reference room is also $24^{\circ}C$ as well as the target room set temperature of $25^{\circ}C$, $26^{\circ}C$, $27^{\circ}C$ and $28^{\circ}C$. For the air source heat pump system, heating season energy consumption is $35.52kWh/m^2y$ in the reference room. But the heating energy consumption in the target room is reduced to 7.5% whenever the set temperature decreased every $1^{\circ}C$. The cooling energy consumption in the reference room is $4.57kWh/m^2y$. On the other hand, the energy consumption in the target room is reduced to 22% whenever the set temperature increased every $1^{\circ}C$ by two way controller. For the geothermal heat pump system, heating energy consumption in the reference room is reduced to 20.7%. The target room heating energy consumption is reduced to 32.6% when the set temperature is $22^{\circ}C$. The energy consumption in the target room is reduced to 59.5% when the set temperature is $26^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.16-22
• /
• 2006

Selective ground relays (SGRs) are useful fur distinguishing a faulted feeder from the sound feeders in ungrounded systems. However, they sometimes mis-operate due to human or device errors. Particularly, the reversed polarity of zero-sequence current transducers (ZCTs) is the most frequent cause of mis-operation. This paper presents a modified SGR for reducing the probability of mis-operations caused by the reversed polarity of ZCTs. The modification is achieved by introducing an adaptive time delay, which depends on the magnitude of the zero-sequence current and the phase angle deviation from the reference. The modified SGR was successfully demonstrated on a sample ungrounded system without mis-operation.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.86-92
• /
• 2000

Recently, the Korea National Railways (KNR) is undertaking a program of electrification of the existing railway routes. In order to implement the ongoing plan, KNR authorized a preliminary engineering study of its electrical systems. This effort included a comprehensive analysis of new grounding networks. The new grounding system runs in parallel with the rails and is connected to all metal structures such as rails, overhead protection wires and substation grounding grids etc., creating an equipotential ground network. This paper presents a study on coupling levels that can disturb signaling and telecommunications in adoption of the new grounding network The simulation for the study is carried out using Matlab software, Several different scenarios are analyzed, including the load condition and a few fault conditions with different fault locations. The induced potentials on the communication cables are computed. The effect of the buried ground wires is also analyzed by comparing the results with and without the presence of the ground wires, The results presented in the paper can be used as a reference for estimating coupling levels in similar rail systems.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.199-205
• /
• 2014

The integration of FC (Fuel Cell) and GSHP (Ground Source Heat Pump) hybrid system could produce a synergistic advantage in thermal and electric way. This study intends to analyse the economical aspect of a FC integrated GSHP hybrid system compared to the conventional system which is consisted with a boiler and a chiller. Based on the hourly simulation, the study indicated that GSHP system and FC+GSHP hybrid system could reduce the energy consumption on a building. The method of the economic assessment has been based on IEA ECBCS Annex 54 Subtask C SPB(Simple Payback) method. The SPB was calculated using the economic balanced year of the alternative system over the conventional (reference) system. The SPB of the alternative systems (GSHP and FC+GSHP) with 50% initial incentive was 4.06 and 26.73 year respectively while the SPB without initial incentive of systems was 10.71 and 57.76 year.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제22권11호
• /
• pp.967-976
• /
• 2016

This paper presents a 3D carrier-smoothed GNSS/DR (Global Navigation Satellite System/Dead Reckoning) integrated system for precise ground-vehicle trajectory estimation. For precise DR navigation on sloping roads, the AHRS (Attitude Heading Reference System) methodology is employed. By combining the integrated carrier phase of GNSS and DR sensor measurements, a vehicle trajectory with an accuracy of less than 20cm is obtained even when cycle slip or change of visibility occur. In order to supplement the weak GNSS environment with DR successfully, the DR sensor is precisely compensated for using GNSS Doppler measurements when GNSS visibility is good. By integrating a multi-GNSS receiver with low-cost IMU, a precise 3D navigation system for land vehicles is proposed in this paper. For real-time implementation, a decoupled Kalman filter is employed in the integrated system. Through field experiments, the performance of the proposed system is verified in various road environments, including sloping roads, good-visibility areas, high multi-path areas, and under-ground parking areas.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제31권9호
• /
• pp.64-74
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 새로운 개념의 정지위성의 탑재용 자동위치유지 시스템을 제안하고 시뮬레이션을 통하여 그 성능을 분석하였다. 제안된 탑재용 자동위치유지 알고리즘은 지상의 두 지점에 위치한 장비로부터 Pseudo-Range 신호를 수신하여 실시간 궤도결정을 수행한 다음 이를 바탕으로 궤도제어 명령을 생성한다. 탑재용 위치유지 알고리즘의 로직을 최소화하기 위하여 지상 시뮬레이션을 통하여 계산된 기준궤도의 Range 데이터를 시간 태그와 함께 탑재하여 이를 추종하도록 하는 방식을 사용하였다. 궤도제어 알고리즘은 기준궤도의 생성에 사용된 기준 V 와 칼만필터 추정변수의 피드백 제어명령을 동시에 사용하는 방법을 통하여 탑재 알고리즘의 로직을 최소화하였다. 마지막으로 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안된 시스템의 성능을 분석하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제58권1호
• /
• pp.113-118
• /
• 2009

Grounding systems set the reference voltage level of electric circuits and suppress the Ground Potential Rise (GPR) by flowing fault currents to the ground safely. There are several parameters which evaluate the performance of grounding systems as ground resistance, touch voltage and step voltage. The touch and step voltages, which is called "risk voltage", are especially important to ensure the safety of human body. This paper dealt with the influence of current sources with the different frequency components on the touch and the step voltages. Three types of current sources as commercial frequency, square wave, and surge with the fast risetime of $50\;ns{\sim}500\;ns$ were used to analyze the risk voltages in a grounding system. The risk voltages showed remarkable difference in the same current amplitude depending on the current sources, and increased linearly with the current amplitude in the same current source. From the experimental results, it was confirmed that the risk voltages can be evaluated by a small current application in large-scale grounding systems and the possible largest risk voltage can be calculated by a surge current with the risetime of 200 ns or a current source with the same frequency component as the surge current.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2005

Assessing health condition of crop in the field is one of core operation in precision fanning. A sensing system was proposed to remotely detect the crop health condition in terms of SP AD readings directly related to chlorophyll contents of crop using a multispectral camera equipped on ground-based platform. Since the image taken by a camera was sensitive to changes in ambient light intensity, it was needed to convert gray scale image data into reflectance, an index to indicate the reflection characteristics of target crop. A reference reflectance panel consisting of four pieces of sub-panels with different reflectance was developed for a dynamic calibration, by which a calibration equation was updated for every crop image captured by the camera. The system performance was evaluated in a field by investigating the relationship between com canopy reflectance and SP AD values. The validation tests revealed that the com canopy reflectance induced from Green band in the multispectral camera had the most significant correlation with SPAD values $(r^2=0.75)$ and NIR band could be used to filter out unwanted non-crop features such as soil background and empty space in a crop canopy. This research confirmed that it was technically feasible to develop a ground-based remote sensing system for assessing crop health condition.