• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2018

Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by infection with Fusarium graminearum leads to enormous losses to crop growers, and may contaminate grains with a number of Fusarium mycotoxins that pose serious risks to human and animal health. Antagonistic bacteria that are used to prevent FHB offer attractive alternatives or supplements to synthetic fungicides for controlling FHB without the negative effects of chemical management. Out of 500 bacterial strains isolated from soil, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JCK-12 showed strong antifungal activity and was considered a potential source for control strategies to reduce FHB. B. amyloliquefaciens JCK-12 produces several cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) including iturin A, fengycin, and surfactin. Iturin A inhibits spore germination of F. graminearum. Fengycin or surfactin alone did not display any inhibitory activity against spore germination at concentrations less than 30 ug/ml, but a mixture of iturin A, fengycin, and surfactin showed a remarkable synergistic inhibitory effect on F. graminearum spore germination. The fermentation broth and formulation of B. amyloliquefaciens JCK-12 strain reduced the disease incidence of FHB in wheat. Furthermore, co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens JCK-12 and chemical fungicides resulted in synergistic in vitro antifungal effects and significant disease control efficacy against FHB under greenhouse and field conditions, suggesting that B. amyloliquefaciens JCK-12 has a strong chemosensitizing effect. The synergistic antifungal effect of B. amyloliquefaciens JCK-12 and chemical fungicides in combination may result from the cell wall damage and altered cell membrane permeability in the phytopathogenic fungi caused by the CLP mixtures and subsequent increased sensitivity of F. graminearum to fungicides. In addition, B. amyloliquefaciens JCK-12 showed the potential to reduce trichothecenes mycotoxin production. The results of this study indicate that B. amyloliquefaciens JCK-12 could be used as an available biocontrol agent or as a chemosensitizer to chemical fungicides for controlling FHB disease and as a strategy for preventing the contamination of harvested crops with mycotoxins.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.143-165
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• 2016

The amount of greenhouse gas emission reduction based on INDCs (Intended Nationally Determined Contributions) submitted to UN by each party is not sufficient to achieve the Paris Agreement's aim to "hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below $2^{\circ}C$ above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to $1.5^{\circ}C$" which was determined in the $21^{st}$ Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP 21). Accordingly, the emission reduction target of each party will be revised for the $2^{\circ}C$ goal. Among the several options to reduce the carbon emission, CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) is a key option to curb $CO_2$ emissions from large emission sources such as fossil-based power plants, cement plants, and steel production plants. A large scale CCS demonstration projects utilizing $1^{st}$ generation $CO_2$ capture technologies are under way around the world. It is anticipated, however, that the deployment of those $1^{st}$ generation $CO_2$ capture technologies in great numbers without government support will be difficult due to the high capture cost and considerable increase of cost of electricity. To reduce the carbon capture cost, $2^{nd}$ and $3^{rd}$ generation technologies are under development in a pilot or a bench scale. In this paper, current status of large scale CCS demonstration projects and the $2^{nd}$ and $3^{rd}$ generation capture technologies are summarized. Novel capture technologies on wet scrubbing, dry sorbent, and oxygen combustion are explained in detail for all capture areas: post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, and new combustion technologies.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2013

Recently, it is certain that the increase of heating and cooling energy consumption by radical change in climate condition has caused serious problems related to environmental and energy concerns associated with increase of fossil fuel usage and carbon dioxide production as well as global warming. So, various actions to reduce greenhouse gas exhaustion and energy consumption have been prepared by world developed countries. Our government has also been trying to seek energy control methods for houses and buildings by proclaiming political polices on low-carbon green growth and construction and performance standards for environment-friendly housing. The energy consumption by buildings approximately reaches 25% of total korea energy consumption, and the increasing rate of energy consumption by buildings is stiffer than the rate by the other industries. The greatest part in the buildings of the energy consumption is building facade. While lots of research projects for reducing energy consumption of the facade have been conducted, but a few research projects on concrete comprising more than 70% of outsider of buildings has been tried. This research presents here a study to improve the insulation property of structural concrete formed by micro form admixture (MFA) with experimentally reviewing the physical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of the concrete. As the results of this experiment, in the case of concrete mixed with MFA, slump loss has been improved. As the mixing ratio of MFA increases, the compressive strength is decreased and thermal conductivity is increased. Also it was found that water-cement ratio increases, the compressive strength is decreased and thermal conductivity is increased. but, there was not big influence by the change of fine aggregate ratio.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.109-133
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• 2014

With a growing concern about climate change and green house gases mitigation, carbon labeling policy has been launched in several countries as an environmental policy which connects low carbon production to low carbon consumption. This research aims to propose a model that explains consumers' attitude and brand loyalty toward carbon labeling products. This model specifies the consumer's psychological processes by which consumer values, such as autonomy and environmental values, affect carbon labeling product and corporate images and finally form brand loyalty toward carbon labeling products. Panel data were collected in two separate surveys and analyzed using a structural equation technique. Results are summarized as follows. First, consumers' autonomy value(AV) positively affects locus of control(LC) and corporate image(CI). Second, consumers' environmental value(EV) positively influences perceived consumer effectiveness(PCE), which in turn has a negative effect on perceived barriers(PB). Perceived barriers finally affect product image(PI) negatively. Third, both corporate image and product image have causal relationships with brand loyalty. Our results suggest that carbon labeling policy contributes not only to the reduction of greenhouse gases but also to the increase of consumers' attitude and brand loyalty toward carbon labeling products. This research also provides governments with directions for efficient environmental policy and firms with guidance on effective marketing strategies about carbon labeling.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.304-309
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• 2008

All the seeds of rape (Brassica napus) sprout vegetables were germinated within three days after seeding irrelevant to the light colors. The total fresh weight of rape sprout vegetables at 6 days after seeding have been increased when grown under green and white color lights by 0.339g/10plants and 0.339g/10plants compared with the control. The total flavonoid contents in rape sprouts were increased under red and blue lights by 72.5 and 70.9mg${\cdot}L^{-1}$. Those DPPH radical scavenging activities at 2,000mg${\cdot}L^{-1}$ were increased by 90.0 and 90.3% which were sprouted and grown under blue and white lights. Nitrite radical scavenging activity of sprouts were most decreased compared with the control when grown under the red light by 57.4mg${\cdot}L^{-1}$. And mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity of rape sprouts was extremely increased under the green light by 22.5mg${\cdot}L^{-1}$.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2015

The Metropolitan Area Green Heat Project (MAGHP), which collects unused heat gathered from power plants, steel works, landfills in western Metropolitan area and distribute it to integrated energy business (IEB) companies, is proposed for the purpose of enhancing energy efficiency and providing low-price heat for IEB companies. Therefore, in order to decide on whether to initiate the MAGHP, the economic feasibility analysis of the project is widely demanded. This paper attempts to consider and measure four economic benefits: heat supply benefit, production cost reduction benefit, greenhouse gas mitigation benefit, and air quality improvement benefit. In addition, the paper tries to conduct the economic feasibility analysis. The project requires three-year investment and thirty-year operation. Three important findings emerge from the analysis. First, its net present value is computed to be 1,269 billion won and more than zero. Second, its benefit/cost ratio is calculated to be 1.72 and bigger than 1.0. Third, its internal rate of return is estimated to be 24.26% and larger than the social rate of return, 5.5%. In conclusion, the MAGHP is socially profitable and should be conducted immediately.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2012

The present paper investigates the performance of the KOH aqueous solution as an absorbent to capture carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). The chemical absorption was carried out according to consecutive reactions that are generated in the order of $K_2CO_3$ and $KHCO_3$. The overall absorption was completed with following the physical absorption. When the absorption was conducted with the KOH as the limiting reactants in batch a reactor, $K_2CO_3$ production rate was the 1st order reaction for $OH^-$. However, $KHCO_3$ generation reaction was independent of the $CO_3^{2-}$ concentration and the rate was calculated to be $0.18gCO_2/min$ for all KOH absorbents, which is the same value of the reaction rate using $K_2CO_3$ aqueous solution as the absorbents. The overall $CO_2$ capture ratio of the 5% KOH absorbent was estimated to be 19% and the individual value in section 1 and 2 was 57 and 12%, respectively. The amount of $CO_2$ absorbed in the solution was very slightly less than the theoretical value, which was ascribed to the side reaction that produces $K_2CO_3{\cdot}KHCO_3{\cdot}1.5H_2O$ during the reaction and the consequent diminish in $CO_2$ absorption in the KOH solution.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2000

Grafting of fruit-bearing vegetables has been widely used to increase the resistance to soil-borne diseases, to increase the tolerance to low temperature or to soil salinity, to increase the plant vigor, and to extend the duration of economic harvest time. After grafting, it is important to control the environment around grafted seedlings for the robust joining of a scion and rootstock. Usually the shading materials and plastic films are used to keep the high relative humidity and low light intensity in greenhouse or tunnel. It is quite difficult to optimally control the environment for healing and acclimation of grafted seedlings under natural light. So the farmers or growers rely on their experience for the production of grafted seedling with high quality. If artificial light is used as a lighting source for graft-taking of grafted seedlings, the light intensity and photoperiod can be easily controlled. The purpose of this study was to develop a prototype system for the graft-taking enhancement of grafted seedlings using artificial lighting and to investigate the effect of air current speed on the distribution of air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking enhancement system. A prototype graft-taking system was consisted by polyurethane panels, air-conditioning unit, system controller and lighting unit. Three band fluorescent lamps (FL20SEX-D/18, Kumho Electric, Inc.) were used as a lighting source. Anemometer (Climomaster 6521, KANOMAX), T-type thermocouples and humidity sensors (CHS-UPS, TDK) were used to measure the air current speed, air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking system. In this system, air flow acted as a driving force for the diffusion of heat and water vapor. Air current speed, air temperature and relative humidity controlled by a programmable logic controller (UP750, Yokogawa Electric Co) and an inverter (MOSCON-G3, SAMSUNG) had an even distribution. Distribution of air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking enhancement system was fairly affected by air current speed. Air current speed higher than 0.1m/s was required to obtain the even distribution of environmental factors in this system. At low air current speed of 0.1m/s, the evapotranspiration rate of grafted seedlings would be suppressed and thus graft-taking would be enhanced. This system could be used to investigate the effects of air temperature, relative humidity, air current speed and light intensity on the evaportranspiration rate of grafted seedlings.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2007

The importance of genetic resources conservation and utilization for economy and the health and well-being of societies in general is recognized all over the world. Mulberry genetic resources contain many natural components and are considerable resource for functional sericulture. We carried out antioxidative capacity analysis of mulberry leaves that were collected from Korea and some of foreign countries and preserved in the greenhouse. The mean antioxidant capacity of 34 accessions was 892.30nmol(ascorbic acid equivalent). Also we evaluated fruity characteristics and selected 4 accessions as breeding resources for the production of mulberry fruit. To investigate the effect of tea on antioxidative capacity, five kinds of tea(coffee mix, green tea added brown rice, mulberry leaf tea, Polygonatum odoratum tea and black tea added lemon) were selected and analyzed. Their's antioxidative capacity were 2,531.01nmol, 1,867.42nmol, 1,053.72nmol, 292.71nmol and 188.91nmol, respectively. The antioxidative capacity of drinking water soaked with mulberry leaf showed 891.96nmol.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 1985

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of environmental factors affecting emergence and control of Sagittaria pygmaea Miquel in greenhouse. Emergence of S. pygmaea delayed as the amount of rice straw increased. When the tuber was sowned at 5 to 7㎝ soil depth the emergence of S. pygmaea delayed more in the hard condition of soil than that of the soft condition the large size tuber of S. pygmaea showed less control rate than the small size one at the rate of 2 to 3㎏ prod/10a of butachlor-naproanilide mixtures. The tubers of S. pygmaea seeded at the deeper soil depth decreased weeding efficicy of this mixture. Butachlor-naproanilide mikture showed higher weeding effects at the high temperature and at 2 to 4cm depths of water management than those of the low temperature and at 0cm and 6cm water depths. Weed control rate increased as the rate of butachlor-naproanilide mixture increased. The rate of 4㎏ (prod.)/10a showed good weed effect regardless of application times till 7.5 leaf stage of S. pygmaea. Tuber production of S. pygmea increased as the application time of mixture delayed.