• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.132-139
• /
• 2016

In early 90s the worldwide awareness about the energy crisis and global warming had been increased and emission reduction (by improving energy efficiency), as well as increasing the capacity of clean and renewable energies, showed themselves as the most important steps towards the sustainable development approach. However, investigations on Iran's environmental situation show huge decline in recent decades and apparently there is no sense of urgency about these issues through the vision of Iranian politicians. In this article the idea of replacing the old gas turbines of Polkalleh natural gas compressor station - as one of the main compressor stations of Iran - with newer and more efficient gas turbines is evaluated, emphatically for reducing greenhouse gases emissions and their environmental costs and decreasing natural gas consumption as well. Clearly such idea is costly, but analyzing its economic impacts, huge declines in annual costs and greenhouse gases emissions can be seen as well. So an investment about $95 million can decrease 40% of Polkalleh compressor station annual costs, 25% of natural consumption and 30% of $CO_2$ and $NO_x$ emissions. Besides the simple payback period of this investment is about 2.5 years from the cut-expenses of annual costs.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.89-94
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to provide a fundamental data for reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission of detached houses by investigating the energy consumption characteristic of detached houses in Daegu. Although the ratio of the detached houses decreases, the detached houses are common dwelling form next to apartments. Nevertheless the study about the energy consumption of detached houses has been insufficient compared apartments. There is a necessity which will investigate the energy consumption characteristic of detached houses. Because that with the building quality which is various form is different from apartments. This study investigate construction and equipment conditions and analyzing effective factors on energy consumption of detached houses. And this study draw up the energy consumption unit and emission factors unit for greenhouse gas of detached houses. This study represent a basic report for energy consumption reduction and helps effective use of energy.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.597-617
• /
• 2022

In this study, consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions from 1990 to 2021 are calculated by the industry sector, and greenhouse gas emissions transferred due to trade between countries are compared to analyze what implications Korea has. As a result, production-based and consumption-based emissions in the United States, Germany, the EU, and the OECD are gradually decreasing. Production-based emission in Korea is larger than consumption-based emissions because Korean economic structure is import-oriented. However, unlike other developed countries, Korea cannot trade energy by land, so it can be said that it is reasonable to establish a greenhouse gas reduction plan considering Korea's unique characteristics.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.555-561
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study is the development of carbon recycle technology which converts $CO_2$ captured from flue gas to CO or carbon and reuse in industrial fields. Since $CO_2$ is very stable and difficult to decompose, metal oxide was used as an activation agent for the decomposition of $CO_2$ at low temperature. Metal oxides which convert $CO_2$ to CO or carbon at $500^{\circ}C$ were prepared using Zn-ferrite by the solid state reaction and hydrothermal synthesis. The behaviors of $CO_2$ decomposition were studied using temperature programmed reduction/oxidation (TPR/TPO) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Zn-ferrite containing 5 wt% ZnO showed the largest reduction and oxidation. Reduction by $H_2$ was 26.53 wt%, oxidation by $CO_2$ was 25.73 wt% and 96.98% of adsorbed $CO_2$ was decomposed to $CO_2$ and carbon with excellent oxidation-reduction behaviors.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.55-84
• /
• 2015

Korea is one of the few OECD countries having no binding Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction obligations under the Kyoto Protocol. Korea is going to enforce a powerful greenhouse gas emissions control to the industry from 2015. Current GHG reduction policies do not take into account the trade-off between economic growth and GHG mitigation, this approach will not be sustainable. Sectoral approach, considering industry by industry may be more eco-friend approach. This study verified the validity of the analysis results counted from whole procedure of energy input-output analysis and decomposition analysis to sector 'Organic basic chemical products' and 'Cement and concrete products'. Empirical test was performed using changes in energy consumption, production, process improvements and new facilities. Although the results showed unstable fluctuations from Divisia index decomposition analysis, it was verified that the entire procedure can provide a clue in understanding of the industry's energy and GHG footprint.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.50 no.5
• /
• pp.843-849
• /
• 2012

When we use NiO based particle as an oxygen carrier in a chemical looping combustion system, the fuel conversion and the $CO_2$ selectivity decreased with increasing reaction temperature within high temperature range (> $900^{\circ}C$) due to the increment of exhaust CO concentration from reduction reactor. To improve reduction reactivity at high temperature, the applicable metal oxide component was selected by calculation of the equilibrium CO concentration of metal oxide components. After that, feasibility of reduction reactivity improvement at high temperature was checked by using solid mixture of the selected metal oxide particle and NiO based oxygen carrier. The reactivity was measured and investigated using batch type fluidized bed. The solid mixture of $Co_3O_4/CoAl_2O_4$(10%) and OCN706-1100(90%) showed higher fuel conversion, higher $CO_2$ selectivity and lower CO concentration than OCN706-1100(100%) cases. Consequently, we could conclude that improvement of reduction reactivity at high temperature range by adding some $Co_3O_4$ based oxygen carrier was feasible.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 2012

A climate change by increase of greenhouse gas is coming to the front by a large issue, and oxy-combustion demonstration project is coming to the attention to one plans for the reduction of carbon dioxide in power generation sector that used a fossil energy in points of time. This paper estimates benefit of electric generation, benefit of greenhouse gas reduction, benefit of environmental pollutant decreasing and domestic and foreign market value-added benefit caused by oxy-combustion demonstration project. Furthermore, this paper attempts to cost-benefit analysis, using NPV, B/C ratio, IRR techniques for oxy-combustion demonstration project. The results indicate that NPV is 681,620million KRW, B/C ratio 1.69 and IRR 21.4%. Accordingly, oxy-combustion demonstration project ensures economic feasibility that the three indicators have exceeded 0, 1.0 and 5.5%. Moreover, uses of the result is useful for the reduction of carbon dioxide in thermal power generation sector of policy decision.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.171-198
• /
• 2009

The issue of burden sharing between sectors has become a pertinent national issue with respect tothe establishment of national greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets, and the means to achieve these targets. This study explores methods for equitable sectoral allocation to reduce GHGs based on an allocation index taking into account relevant attributes in line with national GHG emissions trends and structures. This paper considered potential for GHG reduction, rate of increase of emissions, and ability to pay as suitable criteria for analysis of each sector. As a result of the analysis, it was found that equitable allocation methods have significantly different burden sharing compared to allocation that considers only potential for GHG reduction. Accordingly, further empirical study on various simulations based on national economic impact will be essential for better policy solutions. This study will contribute to applying national allocation plans in a logical, consistent and transparent manner.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 2009

Recently severity of ecological adaptation and climatic change due to global warming grows larger. According to the fourth report of IPCC in 2007, emission quantity of the earth greenhouse gas(GHGs) generated by activity of mankind increased with 80% since 1970. And it is forecasted that worldwide greenhouse gas will be increased with 25~90%(corresponding to $CO_2$) between 2000 and 2030. This increment of greenhouse gas($CO_2$) is expected to raise average temperature of the earth with the maximum $6.4^{\circ}C$, and sea surface with 59cm in 2090. Like this, destruction of environment by greenhouse gas is regarded as universal problem threatening the existence, not only the problem of one nation. Consequently, systematic correspondence to the global warming at the aspect of energy consumption is also needed in Korea. From the analysis result of 'Statistics of Energy Consumption' published by Green Korea in 2007, energy consumption increment of domestic universities was higher as many as 3.7 times than 22.5% of the whole energy consumption increment in our country. This says to be the direct example which shows that universities are huge sources of greenhouse gas emission. New constructing and enlarging buildings of each universities within campus are the most major reason for such a large increment of energy consumption in universities. The opinion that the possibility of causing energy waste and efficiency reduction is raised by increased buildings of universities has been propounded. That is, universities should make concrete goal and the plan for reducing emission of green house gas against climatic change, and should practice. Accordingly, there is the meaning that 2 aspects of environment-friendly design characteristics, that is application of energy utilizing technology, material usage of energy efficiency-side and environment-side, and introduction of natural element in the environmental aspect, were analyzed for facilities of university campus designed in environment-friendly point of view from initial stage of plan, and direction of environment-friendly design of university facilities in the future was groped in order to grasp environment-friendly design tendency of internal and external University facilities based on this analysis of this paper.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.60 no.4
• /
• pp.478-485
• /
• 2022

The certification performance issued through an external business is sold to companies subject to the emission trading system allocation, and the company subject to the allocation can secure the quota by converting the purchased external business certification performance into offset credits. In this methodology, when fossil fuels that used existing oil boilers (by oil type) were replaced with boilers using propane gas with a relatively low carbon content, the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction by oil type was recognized. As an initial analysis to make up for the insufficient quota of large corporations, the amount of carbon reduction emissions and emission rights trading was calculated.