• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.6.2-6.2
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• 2011

Block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly in a film geometry has recently been the focus of increased research interest due to their potential use as templates and scaffolds for the fabrication of nanostructured materials. The phase behavior in a thin film geometry that confines polymer chains to the interfaces will be influenced by the interfacial interactions at substrate/polymer and polymer/air and the commensurability between the equilibrium period (L0) of the BCP and the total film thickness. We investigated the phase transitions for the films of block copolymers (BCPs) on the modified surface, like the order-to-disorder transition (ODT) by in-situ grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The selective interactions on the surface by a PS-grafted substrate provide the preferential interactions with the PS component of the block, while a random copolymer (PS-r-PMMA) grafted substrate do the balanced interfacial interactions on the surface. The thickness dependence of order-to-disorder behavior for BCP films will be discussed in terms of the surface interactions.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1995년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automation Control Conference, 10th (KACC); Seoul, Korea; 23-25 Oct. 1995
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• pp.174-177
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• 1995

Detecting a small threat object either fast moving or floating on shallow water presents a formidable challenge to shipboard sensor systems, which must determine whether or not to launch defensive weapons in a timely manner. An integrated multisensor concept is envisioned wherein the combined use of active and passive sensor is employed for the detection of short duration targets in dense ocean surface clutter to maximize detection range. The objective is to develop multisensor integration techniques that operate on detection data prior to track formation while simultaneously fusing contacts to tracks. In the system concept, detections from a low grazing angle search radar render designations to a sensor-search infrared sensor for target classification which in turn designates an active electro-optical sensor for sector search and target verification.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2002

Spray calculation has been studied to understand the behavior of the spray in a combustion chamber But the spray dispersion has not been predicted properly in a high velocity injection spray or a wall impaction spray. In this study the extended grazing collision model is applied to improve the problem. The gas phase is modelled by the Eulerian continuum conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and fuel vapour fraction. The liquid phase is modelled following the discrete droplet model approach in Lagrangian form. The droplet distributions, penetration, width and gas flows are compared for the cases with or without extended model. The extended collision model makes the results better.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.119-122
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• 2003

In order to determine whether foals of move dominant mothers were harassed less by mares than those of lower-ranked mothers, harassment of foals was studied in a herd of Jeju ponies (Equus caballus) consisting of 73 mares, their 53 foals, and one stallion. Mares Harassed the foals on 71 occasions between March to September,1998. The frequency of harassment tended to decrease as foals aged, but the relationship was not significant (P = 0.079). Foals were harassed when sleeping (n = 14), grazing (n = 19), moving (n = 8), approaching a mare in the vicinity (n = 13), or play-fighting with the foal of the harassing mare (n = 17). Mares harassed foals of younger, more subordinate mares than those of older, more dominant mares (P < 0.001). We conclude that early social experience of foals is associated with the dominance rank of its mother.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 1989

Adhatoda vasica Nees is a shrubby component of tropical and subtropical vegetation in Pakistan. t harbours relatively few unhealthy associated species in and around its thickets. Aqueous extracts, rain leachates, litter from shoots and soil underneath it invariably reduced germination, early growth, biomass, moisture and chlorophyll contents of Pennisetum americanum, Setaria italica, Zea mays, Brassica campestris and Triticum vulgare in different laboratory expreiments. chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of caffeic, ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, p-OH-benzoic, and tannic acids in aqueous extracts. The phytotoxicity was related to the test species used, part assayed and parameter measured. It is suggested that the preclusion of the associated species and the dominance of A. vasica is primarily due to allelopathy. Negative grazing also provides better chances for its establishment.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.145-160
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• 1989

Daehuksan Island (125°23'-125° 28' E and 34°37'-34°42' N, ca 19.7㎢) in the southwestern part of Mokpo, Korea, is a part of the Dadohae National Marine Park. Most of the actual vegetation of the island is substitutional vegetation under various human impact such as grazing, cutting for firewood. And natural vegetation is partially distributed in the tutelary shrine forests, deep valleys, etc. During 1987, phytosociological investigation of this was carried out on the basis of Braum-Blanguet's method. The forest vegetation was classified into 1 association and 7 communities, Camellia japonica, Machilus thunbergii, Ardisio-Castanopsietum sieboldii, Daphniphyllum macropodum-Quercus acuta, Pyrrosia lingua-Pinus densiflora. Rhododendron mucronulatum-Pinus thunbergii, Carpinus coreana, and Psedosasa japonica community. Grassland vegetation was classified into Gleichenia japonica, Gleichenia dichotoma, Arundinella hirta-Miscanthus sinensis, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis. Imperata cylindrica var. koenii Artemisia princeps var. orientalis-Pennisetum alpecuroides, Carex boottiana, and salt marsh vegetation. Thypa orientalis, Spergularia marina, Phragmites communis, Carex scabrifolia, and Triglochin maritimum community. Based on them, the actual vegetation map was made in 1:50,000 scale.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.181-190
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• 1990

Chodo Archipelago ($125^{\circ}$45 $-126^{\circ}$13 E and $34^{\circ}$15 $-34^{\circ}$25 N, ca. $56.7km^2$), a part of the Dadohae National Marine Park, largely is covered with substitutional vegetation under various human impact such as grazing, cutting for firewood. However natural vegetation is partially distributed in the tutelary shrine forests, deep valleys and etc. From October 1988 to June 1989, phytosociological investigation of this forest vegetation was carried out by Braun-Blanquet s method. The forest vegetation was classified into 1 association and 7 communities. Ardisio-Castanopsietum sieboldii, Machilus thunbergii, Quercus acuta, Litsea japonca, Eurya japonica-Pinus thunbergii mixed forest, Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida afforestation. Carpinus coreana community. Based on the classification, the actual vegetation map was drawn in 1 : 50,000 scale.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.66-69
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• 2020

Hydatid disease is a zoonotic infection in humans. The disease is endemic in some parts of the world, including Africa, Australia, and Asia, where cattle grazing is common; the disease is spread by an enteric route following the consumption of food contaminated with the eggs of the parasite. Failure to identify this parasite results in delayed diagnosis and increased morbidity to the patient. Upon diagnosis, every possible step should be taken, both surgical and medical, to prevent anaphylactic reactions from the cystic fluid. Postsurgical long-term follow up along with periodical ultrasonography of the liver and computed tomography scan of the abdomen is essential to rule out possible recurrence.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1683-1692
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• 2019

The rise of antimicrobial resistance (AR) is a major threat to global health. The food animal industry contributes to the increasing occurrence of AR. Multiple factors can affect the occurrence and dissemination of AR in the animal industry, including antibiotic use and farm management. Many studies have focused on how the use of antibiotics in food-producing animals has led to the development of AR. However, a few effective mitigating strategies for AR have been developed in food-producing animals, especially those exposed to the environment. The aim of this review is to summarize potential strategies applicable for mitigating AR at the environment-livestock interface.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.610-613
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• 2020

Specimens of austenitic stainless steel were irradiated with 6 MeV Xe ions to two doses of 7 and 15 dpa at room temperature and 300 ℃ respectively. Then partial irradiated specimens were subsequently thermally annealed at 550 ℃. Irradiation-induced BCC-phase formation and magnetism were analyzed by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It has been shown that irradiation damage level, irradiation temperature and annealing temperature have significant effect on BCC-phase formation. This BCC-phase changes the magnetic behavior of austenitic stainless steel. The stress relief and compositional changes in matrix are the driving forces for BCC-phase formation in austenitic stainless steel during ion irradiation.