• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2011

Inertial navigation systems requires gravity model to compute gravity acceleration and its trajectory accuracy depends on the gravity model accuracy especially for a long range flight. The gravity model accuracy is important for satellite orbit prediction as well. The precision gravity model requires a precision coordinate transformation between inertial and Earth fixed coordinates. Precision gravity acceleration algorithms with a coordinate transform are studied and a computer program is developed. The effects of individual model components on trajectory error are analyzed.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2012

Special attention in the role of convection in vapor crystal growth has been paid since some single crystals under high gravity acceleration of $10g_0$ appear considerably larger than those under normal gravity acceleration ($1g_0$). With increasing the gravity acceleration from $1g_0$ up to $10g_0$, the total molar flux for ${\Delta}T$ = 30 K increases by a factor of 4, while for ${\Delta}T$ = 90, by a factor of 3. The maximum molar fluxes for three different gravity levels of $1g_0$, $4g_0$ and $10g_0$, appear approximately in the neighborhood of y = 0.5 cm, and the molar fluxes show asymmetrical patterns, which indicate the occurrence of either one single or more than one convective cell. As the gravitational level is enhanced form $1g_0$ up to $10g_0$, the intensity of convection is increased significantly through the maximum molar fluxes for ${\Delta}T$ = 30 K and 90 K. At $10g_0$, the maximum total molar flux is nearly invariant for for ${\Delta}T$ = 30 K and 90 K. The total molar flux increases with increasing the gravity acceleration, for $1g_0{\leq}g_y{\leq}10g_0$, and decreases with increasing the partial pressure of component B, a noble gas called as Kr (Krypton), $P_B$. The ${{\mid}U{\mid}}_{max}$ is directly proportional to the gravity acceleration for 20 Torr $P_B{\leq}300$ Torr. As the partial pressure of $P_B$ (Torr) decreases from 300 Torr to 20 Torr, the slopes of the ${{\mid}U{\mid}}_{max}s$ versus the gravity accelerations increase from 0.29 sec to 0.54 sec, i.e. by a factor of 2. The total molar flux of $Hg_2Cl_2$ is first order exponentially decayed with increasing the partial pressure of component B, $P_B$ (Torr) from 20 Torr up to 300 Torr.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권6호
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• pp.591-600
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• 2024

This study investigated the acceleration response and shape change characteristics of a gravity quay wall according to the magnitude of the applied acceleration. The quay wall was defined as a port facility damaged by the Kobe earthquake. Four experimental scenarios were established based on the inclination condition grades, considered to be a significant defect factor in the quay wall. Then, the shaking table test was conducted using scaled-down quay wall models constructed per each scenario. The ground acceleration was gradually increased from the peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.1 g to 0.7 g. After each ground acceleration test, acceleration installed on the wall and backfill ground and inclination on the top of the wall were measured to assess the amplification of peak response acceleration and maximum response amplitude and the change in the inclination of the quay wall. This study also analyzed the separation of the quay wall from the backfill and the crack pattern of the backfill ground according to PGA values and inclination condition grades. The result of this study shows that response acceleration could provide a reasonable prediction for the changes in the inclination of the quay wall and the crack generation and propagation on the backfill from a current inclination condition grade.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2009

Particular interest in the role of convection in vapor crystal growth has arisen since some single crystals under high gravity acceleration of $10g_0$ appear considerably larger than those under normal gravity acceleration ($1g_0$). For both ${\Delta}T=60\;K$ and 90 K, the mass flux increases by a factor of 3 with increasing the gravity acceleration from $1g_0$ up to $10g_0$. On the other hand, for ${\Delta}T=30\;K$, the flux is increased by a factor of 1.36 for the range of $1g_0{\leq}g{\leq}10g_0$. The maximum growth rates for $1g_0$, $4g_0$, $10g_0$ appear approximately in the neighborhood of y = 0.5, and the growth rates shows asymmetrical patterns, which indicate the occurrence of either one single or more than one convective cell. The maximum growth rate for $10g_0$ is nearly greater than that for $1g_0$ by a factor of 2.0 at $P_B=20\;Torr$. For three different gravity levels of $1g_0$, $4g_0$ and $10g_0$, the maximum growth rates are greater than the minimum rates by a factor of nearly 3.0, based on $P_B=20\;Torr$. The mass flux increases with increasing the gravity acceleration, for $1g_0{\leq}g_y{\leq}10g_0$, and decreases with increasing the partial pressure of component B, xenon (Xe), $P_B$. The $|U|_{max}$ is directly proportional to the gravity acceleration for $20\;Torr{\leq}P_B{\leq}300\;Torr$. As the partial pressure of $P_B$ (Torr) decreases from 300 Torr to 20 Torr, the slopes of the $|U|_{max}s$ versus the gravity accelerations increase from 0.1 sec to 0.17 sec. The mass flux of $Hg_2Cl_2$ is exponentially decayed with increasing the partial pressure of component B, $P_B$ (Torr) from 20 Torr up to 300 Torr.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1992

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic situation of the biomechanical responses of a pilot that occur before the black out during high gravity maneuvering. The computer biodynamic simulations using the Articulated Total Body(ATB) model show the following results : 1) the center of gravity(c. g) offsets of a helmet have significant effects on the head deflection angle which is closely connected with the head down : 2) the average and maximum gravity forces are smaller in the curvilinear type of an acceleration than in the straight type of the acceleration, and it is applied to the case of the head deflection angle. We suggest that the new concept of protective device should be necessary to prevent the head down during high gravity maneuvering.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.87-99
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• 1985

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in centers-of-gravity (COG), acceleration and body posture and their associated effects both on EMG and on the maximum capability of weight lifting during Clean & Jerk and Snatch motions. Displacement, velocity, acceleration of joints were obtained from film analysis. Also levels of exertions on 11 major muscle groups were obtained from EMG analysis during a lifting cycle. The EMG data were measured from Telemetry System which is useful in field experiments. Magnitude and direction of force, change in center-of-gravity were extracted from COG data which were measured from force platform. The results of this study can be to be useful both to coaches and to athletes in weight-lifting.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1111-1115
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• 2008

The relative magnitudes of the individual terms of the momentum equation are analyzed and compared by the analytical methods in open channel flow. The temporal variations of each term(local acceleration term, convective acceleration term, pressure force term, gravity force term, and friction force term) are analyzed for the influence factors to runoff expressed by the parameters of the momentum equation, stream slopes and roughness coefficients. The magnitudes of each term vary with the channel characteristics, especially when the roughness coefficients are dominant or for the mild stream slopes the pressure term can not be negligible. As a result of the characteristics of momentum equation in open channel flow, the acceleration terms are very small compared with the other terms. The magnitudes of local acceleration and convective acceleration offsets each other. The peak time of each term except the gravity term coincides with inflection point of the hydrograph rising limb each other.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.448-461
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• 2019

Changes in gravity and buoyancy of a Full Ocean Depth Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (FOD-AUV) during its descending and ascending process must be considered very carefully compared with a Human Occupied Vehicle (HOV) or a Remotely Pperated Vehicle (ROV) whose activities rely on human decision. We firstly designed a two-step weight dropping pattern to achieve a high descending and ascending efficiency and a gravity-buoyancy balance at designed depth. The static equations showed that gravity acceleration, seawater density and displacement are three key aspects affecting the balance. Secondly, we try our best to analysis the gravity and buoyancy changing according to the previous known scientific information, such as anomaly of gravity acceleration, changing of seawater states. Finally, we drew conclusion that gravity changes little (no more than 0.1kgf, it is impossible to give a accurate value). A density-depth relationship at the Challenger Deep was acquired and the displacement changing of the FOD-AUV was calculated preciously.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.55.5-56
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• 2017

Galaxy dynamics probes weak gravity at accelerations below the de Sitter scale of acceleration adS = cH, where c is the velocity of light and H is the Hubble parameter. Low and high redshift galaxies hereby offer a novel probe of weak gravity in an evolving cosmology, satisfying H(z) = H0(1 + A(6z + 12z^2 +12z^3+ 6z^4+ (6/5)z^5)/(1 + z) with baryonic matter content A sans tension to H0 in surveys of the Local Universe. Galaxy rotation curves show anomalous galaxy dynamics in weak gravity aN < adS across a transition radius r beyond about 5 kpc for galaxy mass of 1e11 solar mass. where aN is the Newtonian acceleration based on baryonic matter content. We identify this behavior with a holographic origin of inertia from entanglement entropy, that introduces a C0 onset across aN=adS with asymptotic behavior described by a Milgrom parameter satisfying a0=omega/(2pi), where omega=sqrt(1-q)H is a fundamental eigenfrequency of the cosmological horizon. Extending an earlier confrontation with data covering 0.003 < aN/adS < 1 at redshift z about zero in Lellie et al. (2016), the modest anomalous behavior in the Genzel et al. sample at redshifts 0.854 < z <2.282 is found to be mostly due to clustering 0.36 < aN/adS < 1 close to the C0 onset to weak gravity and an increase of up to 65% in a0.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2022

MBL을 통한 물리 실험은 학생들이 실험 결과를 바로 확인하고 쉽게 실험을 수행할 수 있어 예전부터 많은 학교에서 활용해 왔다. 하지만, 장치의 원리를 모르고 실험을 수행하거나, 단순히 도출된 데이터에만 집중하는 것이 MBL 실험의 문제점으로 꾸준히 제기되어 왔다. 이러한 문제점을 보완하기 위해, 아두이노를 활용하여 MBL 실험에서 많이 사용되는 피켓펜스의 방법으로 중력 가속도를 측정하고 실제 중력 가속도 값과의 비교를 통해 오차율을 계산했으며, 본 튜토리얼의 교육적 활용에 대한 논의를 해보았다. 실험 결과, 실험으로 구한 중력 가속도 값과 실제 중력 가속도 값의 오차율은 1% 내외로 비교적 정확한 측정이 가능한 것으로 나타났으며, 실험값의 표본평균이 95% 신뢰구간 안에 포함되는 것으로 나타나 유의미한 실험이라는 결론을 내릴 수 있었다. 또한, MBL이 가진 구조적인 단점을 보완할 수 있는 점, 물리와 수학의 상호작용을 고려할 수 있는 점, STEAM 교육에서 정보 교과와의 융합이 가능한 점 그리고 장비 구비비용이 저렴한 점을 통해 측정실험의 교육적 활용 가능성을 보여주었다. 본 자료를 토대로 아두이노를 활용한 물리 실험이 과학영재 교육에서 더욱 활성화될 수 있도록 기대하는 바이다.