• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
• /
• 제27권8호
• /
• pp.864-876
• /
• 2000

본 논문에서는 일반적인 영화를 인코딩한 MPEG 형식의 비디오 데이타에 대해 장면과 장면 사이의 경계점에서 나타나는 여러 오디오 특성을 이용하는 새로운 장면 경계 검출 방법을 제안하고 실험을 통해서 그 유용성을 보인다. 일반적인 영상에서 장면 경계 지점에서는 영상의 내용이 크게 바뀜에 따라 오디오 정보도 같이 변화한다는 특성이 있으며, 본 논문에서는 이러한 장면경계에서의 오디오 정보 변화를 각각 급진변화(Radical Change), 점진변화(Gradual Change), 미세변화(Micro Change)로 분류하였으며, 각 변화의 특성을 분석하고 이를 검출하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 급진변화는 장면과 장면의 경계점에서 오디오가 음량의 급격한 증감이 발생하고 음색 또한 급격히 달라지는 형태를 취하고 있으며, 점진변화는 긴 시간에 걸쳐서 음량 및 음색이 달라지는 형태를, 미세변화는 음량의 변화없이 일부 음색과 주파수 분포가 달라지는 특성을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 특성을 토대로 시간축을 따라 진행하는 윈도우를 설정하여 이 윈도우 내에서의 오디오 변화를 추적함으로써 위의 세 가지 형태의 장면 경계를 추출하는 방법을 제안한다. 다양한 영화를 통한 실험에서 실제 샘플로 사용된 영화들에서 가장 많은 부분을 차지하는 급진변화에 대하여 본 논문에서 제안한 방법이 높은 검출율을 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 논문에서 제안한 오디오 정보를 이용한 장면 경계 검출 방법은 비디오 정보를 이용한 장면 경계 검출과 같이 병행하여 사용함으로써 MPEG 형식의 영상정보에 대한 데이타 베이스 구축에 유용하게 사용될수 있을 것이다.관 주위에 많았다.findings suggest that compounds 6 and 11 are modulating various elements of the host immune response.%로서, carbofuran 단독투여와 carbofuran과 PB 또는 3-MC 투여사이에 대사산물의 종류는 같았으나 생성율에는 큰 차이가 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 쥐에 carbofuran 투여 후 PB나 3-MC를 투여함으로써 carbofuran의 대사가 빠르게 이루어지고, 주 대사산물 중3-hydroxycarbofuran보다 독성 이 낮은 3-ketocarbofuran으로의 대사가 빠르게 이루어지기 때문에 carbofuran의 독성이 경감되어 쥐가 생존할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.시장젓갈${\lrcorner}$에는 글루타민산, leucine, alanine, lysine의 4종류, ${\ulcorner}$반찬젓갈${\lrcorner}$에는 글루타민산, leucine, alanine의 3종류, ${\ulcorner}$일본병조림젓갈${\lrcorner}$은 글루타민산이 현저하게 많다.회하였다.ollowed fro all Sullungtang samples from Hanwoo. The results showed that the overall quality of Sullungtang significantly decreased as the parity increased for Hanwoo cows. The Sullungtang

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.30-33
• /
• 2015

We report the synthesis of Ni-doped $BaFe_2Se_3$ single crystals by using a flux method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of $Ba(Fe_{1-x}Ni_x)_2Se_3$ shows a gradual peak shift with an increase in the nominal Ni-doping rate, x = 0, 0.05, and 0.10, due to a decrease in unit-cell volume. All samples show a spin glass transition, and temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility shows a negligible change in the spin-glass transition temperature ($T_g$) with Ni concentration x. The temperature dependence of electrical resistivity for $BaFe_2Se_3$ shows an insulating behavior, and the resistivity value at 295 K and the activation energy ($E_a$) obtained from the Arrhenius plot decrease with increasing x. These results suggest that the Ni doping can be effectively worked as a dopant for electron charge carriers, but is less efficient in controlling the magnetic property, such as spin glass transition, in the $BaFe_2Se_3$ compound.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제15권11호
• /
• pp.683-689
• /
• 2005

The structural, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of $(1-x)(Bi_{0.5}Na_{0.5})TiO_3$ x=0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10) ceramics were investigated. A gradual change in the crystal and microstructures with tile increase of $BaTiO_3$ (BT) concentration was observed. The $(Bi_{0.5}Na_{0.5})TiO_3$ (BNT) samples show unusual properties as ferroelectric relaxer materials. We observed a phase transition in BNT solid solutions with BT having normal ferroelectric phase transition. At room temperature, BNT presents a single phase without the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). In the case of samples doped with $4\~8 mol\%$ BT, rhombohedral-tetragonal MPB was formed and the piezoelectric properties were improved.

• 한국추진공학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2020

본 연구에서는 추진제 연소면적을 조절하여 이중추력 프로파일을 구현하는 단일연소관 이중추력 로켓모터의 내탄도성능 분석 방법을 제시한다. 천이 구간에서의 연소속도 보정계수 및 비추력의 점진적 변화를 고려하며 성능 예측에 필요한 변수를 획득할 수 있는 분석법을 제시하고, 해당 분석법을 적용한 결과와 천이 구간 내 변화를 고려하지 않는, 기존 연구의 분석법을 적용한 결과를 비교함으로써 새로 제시하는 분석법에서 개선된 부분을 확인한다. 추진제 초기 온도 또는 배치 조건이 다른 네 가지의 시험 조건에 대하여 제시하는 분석법을 이용해 내탄도 변수를 획득하고, 이를 이용하여 각 시험 조건별로 성능 예측을 수행한다. 해당 예측 결과는 실제 연소시험 결과와 잘 일치하며, 따라서 본 연구의 분석법을 기반으로 설계 형상이 동일한 이중추력 모터의 성능 예측이 가능함을 확인할 수 있다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.287-299
• /
• 2001

Columns in multi-storey frames are presently categorised as either braced or unbraced, usually by means of the stability index criterion, for estimating their effective length ratios by design aids such as 'alignment charts'. This procedure, however, ignores the transition in buckling behaviour between the braced condition and the unbraced one. Hence, this results in either an overestimation or an underestimation of effective length estimates of columns in frames that are in fact 'partially braced'. It is shown in this paper that the transitional behaviour is gradual, and can be approximately modelled by means of a 'fuzzy logic' based technique. The proposed technique is simple and intuitively agreeable. It fills the existing gap between the braced and unbraced conditions in present codal provisions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제33권8호
• /
• pp.2707-2710
• /
• 2012

The nucleophilic substitution reactions of O-ethyl phenyl phosphonochloridothioate with substituted anilines ($XC_6H_4NH_2$) and deuterated anilines ($XC_6H_4ND_2$) are kinetically investigated in acetonitrile at $55.0^{\circ}C$. The deuterium kinetic isotope effects (DKIEs) invariably increase from a secondary inverse DKIE ($k_H/k_D$ = 0.93) to a primary normal DKIE ($k_H/k_D$ = 1.28) as the substituent of nucleophile (X) changes from electron-donating to electron-withdrawing. These can be rationalized by the gradual transition state (TS) variation from a backside to frontside attack. A concerted $S_N2$ mechanism is proposed. A trigonal bipyramidal TS is proposed for a backside attack while a hydrogen-bonded, four-center-type TS is proposed for a frontside attack.

• 수면정신생리
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.16-21
• /
• 2009

In accordance with the development of EEG and polysomnography in the field of sleep research, the sleep onset period (SOP) between wakefulness and sleep has been considered an important part for understanding the physiology of sleep. SOP in the transition from wakefulness to sleep is a gradual process integrating various viewpoints such as behavior, EEG, physiology and subjective report. Particularly, based on understanding of EEG changes during sleep, SOP has been regarded as a pattern of topographical change in specific frequency and specific state in EEG. Studies on quantitative EEG (qEEG) and event-related potential (ERP) have suggested that SOP shows the changes of functional coordination at the specific cortical areas in qEEG and the changes of regular patterns in response to environmental stimulation in ERP. The development of sleep EEG and topographic mapping of EEG is expected to integrate various viewpoints of SOP and clarify the neurophysiologic mechanism of SOP further.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.160-164
• /
• 2017

Public key cryptography (PKC) is the basic building block for the cryptography applications such as encryption, key distribution, and digital signature scheme. Among many PKC, elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is the most widely used in IT systems. Recently, very efficient Montgomery-Twisted-Edward (MoTE)-ECC was suggested, which supports low complexity for the finite field arithmetic, group operation, and scalar multiplication. However, we cannot directly adopt the MoTE-ECC to new PKC systems since the cryptography is not fully evaluated in terms of performance on the Internet of Things (IoT) platforms, which only supports very limited computation power, energy, and storage. In this paper, we fully evaluate the MoTE-ECC implementations on the representative IoT devices (16-bit MSP processors). The implementation is highly optimized for the target platform and compared in three different factors (ROM, RAM, and execution time). The work provides good reference results for a gradual transition from legacy ECC to MoTE-ECC on emerging IoT platforms.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제32권7호
• /
• pp.2306-2310
• /
• 2011

The nucleophilic substitution reactions of diethyl thiophosphinic chloride with substituted anilines ($XC_6H_4NH_2$) and deuterated anilines ($XC_6H_4ND_2$) are investigated kinetically in acetonitrile at 55.0 $^{\circ}C$. The values of deuterium kinetic isotope effects (DKIEs; $k_H/k_D$) invariably increase from secondary inverse ($k_H/k_D$ < 1) to primary normal (kH/kD > 1) as the nucleophiles change from the strongly basic to weakly basic anilines. The secondary inverse with the strongly basic anilines and primary normal DKIEs with the weakly basic anilines are rationalized by the gradual transition state (TS) variation from a predominant backside attack, via invariably increasing the fraction of a frontside attack, to a predominant frontside attack, in which the reaction mechanism is a concerted $S_N2$ pathway. A frontside attack involving a hydrogen bonded, four-center-type TS is substantiated by the primary normal DKIEs.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.109-119
• /
• 1989

Based on the 2-dimensional charge-control simulation[4], a purely analytical model for MODFET's is proposed. In this model, proper treatment of the diffusion effect in the 2-DEG transport due to the gradual channel opening along the 2-DEG channel was made to explain the enhanced mobility and increased thershold voltage. The channel thickness and gate capacitance are experssed as functions of gate vlotage including subthreshold characteristics of the MODFET's analytically. By introducing the finite channel opening and an effective channel-length modulation, the slope of the saturation region of the I-V curves was modeled. The smooth transition of the I-V curves from linear-to-saturation region of the I-V curves was possible using the continuous Troffimenkoff-type of field-dependent mobility. Furthermore, a correction factor f was introduced to account for the finite transtition section forming between the GCA and the saturated section. This factor removes the large discrepanicies in the saturation region fo the I-V curves presicted by existing 1-dimensional models. The fitting parameters chosen in our model were found to be predictable and vary over relatively small range of values.