• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2021년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.18-18
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• 2021

Gomchwi using stuffed leaves is many cultivated for 'Gondalbi(Ligularia stenocephala)' among Gomchwi species. 'Gondalbi' species like to be cultivation on farm because of low the incense and the bitter taste, and high yield. But 'Gondalbi' caused to curtail yield that susceptibility of powdery mildew disease and shriveling and death of plant on summer season. To solve this problems, we crossed a Gomchwi and 'Handeari-gomchwi' to have resistance of powdery mildew disease and high yield. A new Gomchwi cultivar 'Jinmani' was bred by crossing between Gomchwi (Ligularia fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz.) and Handaeri-gomchwi (Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis Nakai). The selection and investigation of growth and yield characteristics were conducted from 2007 to 2020 in field and greenhouse of Highland Agriculture Research Institute, NICS, Rural Development Administration. The color of petiole ear was purple. trichome of petiole and leaf back non-existed, and luster of leaf back existed. Density of leaf vein was 4 degree among 1-5 degree in a newly developed cultivar 'Jinmani'. Plant height, leaf length, leaf width and petiole length were 55.7, 21.8, 22.2, and 33.9 cm, respectively in the 2nd year of growth characteristics. Plant size was similar with that of 'Gommany'. Bolting and flowering time were Aug. 5 and Sept. 5, respectively, and Bolting and flowering time of 'Gommany' showed similar to Aug. 8 and Sept. 1, respectively. 'Jinmani' showed higher number of leaves (202 ea.) per plant compared to 'Gommany' (159 ea.). Furthermore, yield was 67.9% higher in 'Jinmani' (2,569 g/plant) than in 'Gommany' (1,530 g/plant). 'Jinmani' showed lower leaf thickness (0.66mm) than 'Gommany' (0.69 mm), and consequently showed more hardness in leaf characteristics (25.1 kg/²) compared to 'Gommany' (24.3kg/cm²). 'Jinmani' showed similar strong resistance compared to 'Gommany' in the susceptibility of powdery mildew disease.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2009

Current study investigated phytochemical compositions and antioxidant capacity of Korean leafy vegetables including chajogi, gomchwi, meowi and sseumbagwi. ${\beta}$-carotene, total soluble polyphenol, total flavonoids contents were determined, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated by various methods. ${\beta}$-carotene, total soluble polyphenol, total flavonoids contents in gomchwi were significantly higher (as much as 19 folds) compare to other vegetables (p<0.05). Sseumbagwi extract ($100{\mu}g/mL$) was removed 78.6% of superoxide radicals in xanthin-xanthin oxidase system measured by EPR. Gomchwi showed the highest nitrate scavenging activity as 94.3% at pH 1.2. In SOD-like activity, chajogi, gomchwi, and meowi were evaluated in the range of $12.6{\sim}24.5%$. All samples were revealed to prevent the reaction of ferrous chloride during 9 days, which were comparable ability with 125 mg/100 g of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. The rich phytochemical contents of gomchwi and sseumbagwi influenced to high antioxidant capacity.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.714-718
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• 2018

A new Gomchwi cultivar 'Sammany' was developed by a cross between Gomchwi (Ligularia fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz.) and Handaeri-gomchwi (Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis Nakai). Gomchwi is a common Korean name referring wild edible plant species within Ligularia genus. 'Sammany' has purple colored petiole ears and petiole trichome is absent. It has 2nd degree leaf vein density. Plant height, leaf length, leaf width and petiole length were 46.2, 19.1, 19.5 and 32.1 cm, respectively. Plant height was higher than 'Gondalbi'. Bolting occurred in mid. July and it flowered from late August to early September. 'Gondalbi' bolted and flowered 26 days earlier than 'Sammany', and consequently has earlier flowering time more than 26 day. Leaf number of 'Sammany' was 156 per plant but 'Gondalbi' had 130. 'Sammany' had thicker leaves (0.61 mm) compared to 'Gondalbi' (0.46 mm). As a result, yield was higher in 'Sammany (1,077 g/plant)' than 'Gondalbi (798 g/plant)' and leaf hardness was lower in 'Sammany ($20.8kg/cm^2$)' compared to 'Gondalbi ($23.0kg/cm^2$)'. In addition, 'Sammany' was found to be moderately resistant to powdery mildew. With enhanced agronomic and pathology traits, 'Sammany' was newly registered as a new Gomchwi cultivar (variety protection no. 131 on May 2017).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.353-368
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the effects of Korean native plant diets on lipid and cadmium (Cd) metabolisms and also antioxidative enzyme activities in rats. Seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 210.3$\pm$2.7g were blocked into ten groups according to body weight. Rats were raised for four weeks with diets containing 0 or 0.04%(w/w) cadmium chloride and 5%(w/w) plant powder-Ssook(Artemisia princeps var. orientalis HARA), Chamchwi(Aster scaber THUNB), Gomchwi(Lingularia fischeri TUBCZ). or Solbeerum (Portulaca oleracea LINNE). Food intake, weight gain, food efficiency ratio, and weights of liver, kidney, spleen and epididymal fat were significantly lower in Cd-exposed groups, food efficiency ratio, and weights of liver, kidney, spleen and epididymal fat were significanlty lower in Cd-exposed groups. Plasma total lipid level, liver total lipid, cholesterol and triglycerde concentrations, and fecal total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride excretions were decreased by Cd administration. Total lipid and triglyceride concentration in plasma and liver were lower in Chamchwi groups together with increased fecal total lipid and triglyceride excretions. Cholesterol concentration in plasma and liver were lower in Gomchwi groups with increased fecal cholesterol excretions. Activities of red-blood-cell superoxide dismutase(SOD), and liver catalase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) were decreased significantly by Cd administration. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) concentrations of plasma and liver were increased by Cd administration. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) concentration of plasma and liver were increased by Cd administration. Administration of plant diets decreased plasma and liver catalase, SOD and GSH-px activities in Cd-free diet groups and increased them in Cd-administered groups. Plasma and liver TBARS concentrations were decreased in animals fed plant diets, with Chamchwi showing the most effective antioxidative capacity. The concentration of Cd accumulated in blood and tissue decreased in Cd-exposed groups fed plant diets. Liver Cd concentration were lower in the Chamchwi and Gomchwi groups, and kidney Cd levels were lower in the Ssook and Chamchwi groups. Among them, Chamchwi was the most effective in Cd detoxification. In conclusion, Chamchwi and Gomchwi were effective in lowering tissue lipid levels, with Chamchwi having the greatest antioxidative and detoxifying effects.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.930-940
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• 2012

A comparison of essential oils composition of Aster tataricus L. (gaemichwi), Ligularia fischeri (gomchwi), Solidago virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai (miyeokchwi), and Aster scaber (chamchwi) was performed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for the identification of volatile flavor characteristics in chwi-namuls. The essential oils were extracted by the hydro distillation extraction method. One hundred volatile flavor components were identified from gaemichwi essential oil. ${\alpha}$-Pinene (11.5%) was the most abundant compound, followed by myrcene (8.9%) and ${\beta}$-pinene (7.5%). Ninety-one volatile flavor components were identified from the essential oil of gomchwi. Aromadendrene (14.8%) was the most abundant component, followed by ${\beta}$-caryophyllene (7.6%) and 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexene (7.3%). Ninety-five volatile flavor constituents were detected in the essential oil of miyeokchwi, moreover, spathulenol (15.7%) was the most abundant component. Ninety-six volatile flavor constituents were detected in the essential oil of chamchwi. Epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene (21.9%) was the most abundant component, followed by ${\beta}$-caryophyllene (9.5%) and ${\delta}$-terpinene (8.9%). The essential oil composition of gaemichwi was characterized by a higher contents of pinenes. The essential oil composition of gomchwi can be easily distinguished by the percentage of aromadendrene. Spathulenol and epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene were regarded as the characteristic odorants of miyeokchwi and chamchwi, respectively.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2023

토종닭인 우리맛닭 1호를 원료육으로 사용하여 제조한 고추장 양념육에 개복숭아 당절임액과 곰취 추출물 처리는 우리맛닭 고추장 양념육의 연도 개선에 유의적인 효과는 없었다. 개복숭아 당절임액 30% 처리군은 저장 10일차에 타처리군 대비 낮은 총 미생물 수를 보였으며(P<0.05), 개복숭아 당절임액 처리군은 풍미와 종합적 기호도에서 저장기간이 증가함에 따라 곰취 추출물 처리군 대비 관능적 선호도가 높은 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 반면, 곰취 추출물 처리군의 경우 관능적 특성은 개선되지 않는 것으로 나타나 닭고기 양념육 제품 개발을 위해 곰취보다는 개복숭아 당절임액의 첨가가 우리맛닭 고추장 양념육제품의 저장 안전성과 관능적 특성 유지에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.625-629
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• 2016

쌈용 곰취 ‘곰마니(Gommany)’ 품종은 일반 곰취를 모본으로 하였으며 한대리곰취(Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis Nakai)를 부본으로 하였다. 2005년에 인공 교배를 통해 종자를 얻었으며 2006년 3월에 파종하여 육묘후 포장에 정식하였다. 2007년 생육 및 수량특성 조사를 통해 일반적으로 많이 재배되는 곤달비 종보다 우수한 619번 개체를 선발하였다. 선발된 개체는 2008년부터 2011년까지 노지포장에서 증식하면서 고시 G-619호로 계통화되었으며 동시에 생육특성 검정을 실시하였다. ‘곰마니(Gommany)’ 품종의 특성은 엽병귀의 색이 곤달비가 연녹색인데 비해 자주색을 띠고 엽병에 곤달비는 털이 없으나 ‘곰마니’는 털이 약간 있다. 잎 뒷면에 곤달비와 같이 털은 없으나 ‘곰마니’ 품종은 광택이 없다. 또한 엽맥이 곤달비에 비하여 훨씬 조밀하였다. 또한 생육 및 수량특성은 초장이 47.7㎝, 엽장 16.3 ㎝, 엽폭 21.2 ㎝ 그리고 엽병장은 31.4 ㎝로 곤달비보다 컸다. 엽수는 138개로 곤달비보다 약간 많았고 수량은 1,575 ㎏/10a으로 곤달비보다 97% 많았다. 추대기는 8월 5일, 개화기는 9월 10일로 곤달비보다 25일정도 늦었다. 잎 두께는 곤달비보다 두꺼웠으며 잎 경도 또한 약간 높았다. 또한 ‘곰마니’ 품종은 흰가루병에 전혀 감염되지 않을 정도로 내병성이 강하였다. 이러한 특성의 ‘곰마니’품종은 2015년 12월 8일에 품종 보호권이 등록(품종보호 제90호)되었으며, 2016년부터 재배농가에 조직배양 묘로 보급하고 있다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2020

본 연구는 곰취 신품종 '쌈마니' 의 고랭지와 평난지 수확기 및 가공 상태에 따른 항산화 활성 차이를 구명하고자 수행 하였다. 4월 18일부터 7월 15일까지 수확하여 생것과 데친 것을 냉동 건조한 후 메탄올에 추출하여 총페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량, DPPH free radical 소거능과 환원력을 분석하였다. 재배지역 및 수확기별 총페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량, DPPH free radical 소거능과 환원력은 평난지에서는 4월 18일 조기 수확보다는 5월 수확이 더 효과적이었으며, 고랭지에서는 5월보다는 6월에 더 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 재배지역, 수확기 및 가공상태별 총 페놀 함량, 총 플라보노이드 함량, DPPH free radical 소거능과 환원력은 평난지에서는 4월 조기 수확보다는 5월부터 더 효과적이었으며, 고랭지에서는 6월부터 항산화 활성이 높게 나타났다. 생체와 데친 것을 비교하였을 때, 생체가 모든 항목에서 더 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 평난지재배보다 고랭지 재배가 더 높은 항산화 활성을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 종합해볼 때, '쌈마니' 품종은 평난지에서는 5월, 고랭지에서는 6월에 수확하여 생으로 먹는 것이 데쳐서 먹는 것보다 항산화 활성이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.1524-1532
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• 2021

본 연구는 강원도 태백시에서 관리 재배된 국내산 곰취(Ligularia fischen)의 70% 에탄올 추출물(LFE)을 활용하여 항산화 활성을 확인하였다. 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량을 측정하였으며, DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼 소거능을 측정하였다. 세포독성 측정 후, NO 생성량을 측정하였으며, 관련 유전자인 NOS2의 발현량을 측정하여 그 결과를 확인하였다. LFE의 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 113.97±0.37 mg GAE/g과 29.22±2.06 mg QE/g으로 확인되었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 측정한 결과, LFE 25 ㎍/㎖ 11.26±0.95%, 50 ㎍/㎖ 17.12±0.63%, 100 ㎍/㎖ 29.54±0.36%, 250 ㎍/㎖ 68.31±0.28%, 500 ㎍/㎖ 75.12±0.05% 및 1000 ㎍/㎖ 75.75±1.57%로 라디칼 소거능을 나타냈으며, ABTS 라디칼 소거능을 측정한 결과, LFE 25 ㎍/㎖ 13.75±0.21%, 50 ㎍/㎖ 26.71±0.20%, 100 ㎍/㎖ 56.92±0.22%, 250 ㎍/㎖ 91.30±0.12%, 500 ㎍/㎖ 93.40±0.02 및, 1000 ㎍/㎖ 93.19±0.04%로 라디칼 소거능을 나타냈다. LFE의 유의한 세포독성은 나타나지 않았다. NO 생성량은 LFE 50 ㎍/㎖ 79.40±2.64%, 100 ㎍/㎖ 55.01±5.36%, 200 ㎍/㎖ 30.93±3.11%로 유의적인 감소가 나타났으며, NOS2 유전자 발현량은 LFE 50 ㎍/㎖ 0.94±0.11, 100 ㎍/㎖ 0.59±0.05, 200 ㎍/㎖ 0.32±0.04로 유의적인 감소가 나타났다. 본 결과는 곰취의 항산화 효능을 객관적으로 확인하였으며, 향 후 지속적인 심화 연구를 통해 본 곰취를 활용하여 화장품 및 기능성 식품 소재로서의 활용 가능성을 확립할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2014

This study evaluated the influence of cooking methods (blanching, pan-frying, and microwaving) on the antioxidant activity of Ligularia fischeri (LF) using myoglobin methods against five different reactive oxygen species (ROS) (i.e., 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hypochlorite ions, hydroxyl radicals, peroxyl radicals, and peroxynitrite ions). With respect to DPPH scavenging activity, the antioxidant activities of blanched LF and pan-fried LF were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of fresh LF for all cooking times. Pan-fried LF and microwaved LF showed higher antioxidant activities against hydroxyl radicals and peroxyl radicals than uncooked LF, while the protective effect of blanched LF was low, except for the at the 3 min cooking time point. Microwaved LF showed high antioxidant activity against all ROS at the 2 min cooking time point. Interestingly, LF that had been microwaved for 2 min and 3 min had high antioxidant values, whereas blanched LF and pan-fried LF had low antioxidant values. The activities of cooked LF against five different ROS were characterized comprehensively by 5-axe cobweb charts.