• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.72-78
• /
• 2009

Size control of therapeutic carriers in drug delivery systems has become important due to its relevance to biodistribution in the human body and therapeutic efficacy. To understand the dependence of particle size on the formation condition during nanoprecipitation method, we prepared nanoparticles from biodegradable, amphiphilic block copolymers and investigated the particle size and structure of the resultant nanoparticles according to various process parameters. We synthesized monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly($\varepsilon$-caprolactone) block copolymer, MPEG-PCL, with different MPEG/PCL ratios via ring opening polymerization initiated from the hydroxyl end group of MPEG. Using various formulations with systematic change of the block ratio of MPEG and PCL, solvent choice, and concentration of organic phase, MPEG-PCL nanoparticles were prepared through nanoprecipitation technique. The results indicated that (i) the nanoparticles have a dual structure with an MPEG shell and a PCL core, originating from self-assembly of MPEG-PCL copolymer in aqueous condition, and (ii) the size of nanoparticles is dependent upon two sequential processes: diffusion between the organic and aqueous phases and solidification of the polymer.

• Korean Membrane Journal
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.81-85
• /
• 1999

Tributyl phyosphate(TBP) polypropylene glycol 4000(PPG-4000) and the mixture of two compounds were examined as a liquid membrane in a supported liquid membrane (SLM) to separate phenol from aqueous solution.The feed concentration of phenol was varied in a broad range from 500 mg/L to 5000 mg/L and different types of liquid membrane were prepared to elucidate their effects on separation of phenol. It was found that the modified PPG 4000 with TBP and toluene diisocyanate(TDI) might be used as a proper liquid membrane because the mass transfer rate examined with this membrane was higher than that through methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) which has been used as a conventional solvent in a solvent extraction process. The breakthrough pressure of the SLM is defined to be the pressure difference across the membrane at which the supported liquid membrane is not kept in the pores any more. it indicates how the SLM is stable., It was found that the breakthrough pressure of the modified PPG-4000 was much higher than those of typical organic solvents.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.480-485
• /
• 1999

FED용의 적색 형광체로 Al과 Pr이 첨가된 $SrTiO_3$의 제조와 형광특성에 대하여 연구하였다. 이 형광체는 metallic nitrates, ethylene glycol, citric acid를 출발물질로 하여 polymeric complex를 형성하는 Pechini 법으로 합성하였다. 본 실험에서 합성된 분말의 성장기구는 $900^{\circ}C$를 경계로 서로 다른 경향을 보이고 있으며, $600^{\circ}C$의 저온에서도 $SrTiO_3$상이 형성됨을 확인하였다. 또한 빛 발광특성의 경우는 Pr 이온에 의한 359 nm에서의 여기 스펙트럼과 저전압 음극선 발광의 경우 617 nm에서 최대 피크를 갖고 575 nm와 650 nm 사이에서 적색의 발광 스펙트럼이 관찰되었다. Pechini 법으로 합성된 $SrTiO_3$:Al, Pr 형광체의 경우 FED의 적색 형광체에 적용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제16권10호
• /
• pp.952-959
• /
• 2004

The hybrid liquid desiccant air conditioning system has been in use for many years, primarily in industrial process applications requiring dehumidification and humidity control. In this study, the hybrid dehumidifier has been designed to study the dehumidification characteristic of the aqueous triethylene glycol (TEG) solution. The experimental results show energy efficient characteristics of hybrid liquid desiccant air conditioning system compared with the refrigeration system in terms of energy use, the difference of pressure loss between hybrid liquid desiccant air conditioning system and refrigeration system. Data obtained are useful for design guidance and performance analysis of the hybrid air conditioning system.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제55권4호
• /
• pp.490-496
• /
• 2017

We have designed an extractive distillation for separating maximum boiling azeotrope of acetone-chloroform system. PRO/II 9.4 was used to simulate the overall process. The VLE data adopted from Dortmund data bank was regressed to obtain a new set of binary interaction parameters. Three different entrainers were used for the separation process--dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG) and benzene--to test their viability for the acetone-chloroform system. Thermodynamic feasibility analysis was done through ternary map diagrams. Two different thermodynamic models, NRTL and UNIQUAC, were explored for the study of overall process.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.203-209
• /
• 2019

Organic wastewater generated from polyester manufacturing processes was selected from H company to investigate the feasibility of anaerobic digestion that produces gases including methane. Bio Methane Potential (BMP) tests were conducted to measure the gas production and methane concentration for 7 process wastewater and 2 kinds of sludges from the H company. Also, along with monitoring pH and alkalinity during the anaerobic digestion process, the concentrations of COD and 1,4-dioxane were measured with 4 different operating conditions for N Emulsion (NE) and Ethylene Glycol (EG) wastewater. The BMP tests showed that 65% of methane was produced from NE and EG wastewater. This suggests that the organic wastewater from H company can be effectively treated by an anaerobic digester by which more than 90% of COD was removed.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.635-640
• /
• 2005

매개전해산화는 저온과 저압 분위기에서 수용액 중에 존재하는 유기물을 전기화학적으로 산화하는 과정이다. 이 공정은 유해 유기물을 함유한 폐물처리에 사용할 수 있는 좋은 공법중의 하나이다. 이 논문은 Fe(III)/Fe(II)나 Co(III)/Co(II) 산화환원계를 이용하여 질산용액 중에서 에틸렌글리콜의 매개전해 산화에 관한 연구를 하였다. 이 논문에서는 에틸렌글리콜을 매개전해 산화시 전류밀도, 지지전해질 농도, 체류시간, 제거효율 등을 검토하였다. 매개전해산화시 에틸렌글리콜의 제거효율은 Fe(III)/Fe(II) 산화환원계보다 Co(III)/Co(II) 산화환원계가 우수하였고 매개전해산화 제거효율은 100%이었다. 에틸렌글리콜을 시료로 하였을 경우 좋은 수율로 탄산가스가 생성됨을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.229-233
• /
• 2002

유기화학적 방법인 착체중합법을 이용하여 나노사이즈의 ZnO 분말을 저온에서 합성하였다. 고분자 전구체는 Zn nitrate hexahydrate를 사용하였고, chelating agent로서 citric acid를 reaction medium으로서 ethylene glycol을 혼합하여 제조하였다. 고분자 전구체를 300~$700^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 3시간 동안 하소하였으며, 열분해와 결정화 과정을 TG-DTA, FI-IR과 XRD 등을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결정화 온도에 따른 입자의 형상이나 크기를 SEM, TEM의 분석 및 Scherrer's equation을 이용한 계산을 통하여 관찰 및 비교를 하였다. ZnO의 결정화는 $300^{\circ}C$부터 시작되었고, $400^{\circ}C$에서 완전히 합성되었음을 알 수 있었다. 400~$700^{\circ}C$에서 하소된 ZnO 입자들은 대부분 둥근 형태로 균일하게 분포되었으며, $400^{\circ}C$에서 하소된 분말의 평균입도는 약 30~40nm를 보였다. 일반적으로 온도의 상승에 따라 입경이 증가되는 일반적인 경향이 관찰되었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.238-244
• /
• 2009

We investigated the electrochemical properties of lithium/molybdenum sulfide(Li/MoS$_2$) using tetra (ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether(TEGDME) electrolyte. The Li/TEGDME/MoS$_2$ cell showed the first discharge capacity of 288mAhg$^{-1}$. From the XRD, SEM results of the MOS$_2$ electrode in various cut-off voltage during charge-discharge process, MoS$_2$ partly changed into Li$_2$S and Mo during discharge and Li$_2$S partly recovered into MOS$_2$ and Li during charge. Full charged MOS$_2$ electrode showed lump shape of big size, which might be related to agglomerate of MoS$_2$ particles. Therefore, the degradation might be related to decrease of active material for electrochemical reaction by agglomeration of MOS$_2$.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.356-365
• /
• 2013

The novel Aloe gels were prepared with dewatering and impregnation by soaking (DIS) processing of Aloe vera leaf slice at four different temperatures (25, 35, 45 and $55^{\circ}C$), using dehydration solution of 40% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG4000). The PEG-impregnation to Aloe vera leaf slice during DIS was observed depending on immersion temperature, and the PEG-impregnated Aloe vera gel (PEG-i-AVG) obtained was characterized using $^1H$ NMR, FT-IR, GPC, XRD and TGA. The PEG-i-AVG had the higher levels of Aloe bioactives (glucomannan and O-acetyl contents) and better quality indices by $^1H$ NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy than those of native Aloe gel. Also, the obtained Aloe gel maintained the bimodal patterns in higher molecular weight region by GPC indicating no degradation of polysaccharide from native Aloe gel. The result observed by SEM confirmed a surface modification by forming the porous structure, and TGA result exhibited better thermal stability than that of native Aloe gel. XRD result revealed that the crystalline structure in Aloe gel was led by incorporation of PEG. Significant decrease of %insolubility and high enhancement of water solubility index were observed, respectively, and highly ordered conformation such as a helix structure was also indicated by Congo red reaction. We concluded that the modification effect for enhancing function of native Aloe gel was successfully obtained by DIS process using PEG as a dehydrating agent. These results suggested that this DIS process had a high potential for developing a new minimally processed product from Aloe vera leaf.