• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.1023-1028
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• 2004

A new 12a-dehydrorotenoid 1, 11-dihydroxy-9, 10-methylenedioxy-12a-dehydrorotenoid (1), together with a new isoflavonoid glycoside tectorigenin-7-O-${\beta}$-glucosyl-4'-O-${\beta}$-glucoside (3), were isolated and identified from the rhizomes of I. spuria (Zeal). In addition, 4 known compounds, tectorigenin (2) tectorigenin-7-O-${\beta}$-glucosyl $(1{\leftrightarrow}6)$ glucoside (4), tectoridin (a tectorigenin- 7-O-${\beta}$-glucoside) (5) and tectorigenin-4'-O-${\beta}$-glucoside (6) were isolated and identified for the first time from this plant. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, $^1H,\;^{13}C$NMR, DEPT, HMQC, NOESY, and HMBC experiments and MS spectrometry) and by comparison with literature data of known compounds. Compounds 2, 4, 5, and 6 are reported for the first time from this plant through the present study.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.579-587
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• 2018

For biotechnological production of high-valued ${\beta}-{\text\tiny{D}}$-hexyl glucoside, the catalytic properties of Hanseniaspora thailandica BC9 ${\beta}$-glucosidase purified from the periplasmic fraction were studied, and the transglycosylation activity for the production of ${\beta}-{\text\tiny{D}}$-hexyl glucoside was optimized. The constitutive BC9 ${\beta}$-glucosidase exhibited maximum specific activity at pH 6.0 and $40^{\circ}C$, and the activity of BC9 ${\beta}$-glucosidase was not significantly inhibited by various metal ions. BC9 ${\beta}$-glucosidase did not show a significant activity of cellobiose hydrolysis, but the activity was rather enhanced in the presence of sucrose and medium-chain alcohols. BC9 ${\beta}$-glucosidase exhibited enhanced production of ${\beta}-{\text\tiny{D}}$-hexyl glucoside in the presence of DMSO, and 62% of ${\beta}-{\text\tiny{D}}$-hexyl glucoside conversion was recorded in 4 h in the presence of 5% 1-hexanol and 15% DMSO.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.778-782
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• 2005

Analysis of black soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.; 59 Korean varieties] revealed that 100-seed weights of green cotyledon seeds (33.5 g, n=31) were higher than those of yellow ones (28.9 g, n=28). Contents of delphinidin-3-glucoside (D3G), cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), petunidin-3-glucoside (P3G), and total anthocyanins in seed coats of black soybeans were 0.03-4.15, 0.74-18.36, 0.02-1.60, and 0.87-23.52 mg/g, respectively, among which most prominent anthocyanin was C3G (80.9% of total content), followed by D3G (13.6%) and P3G (5.5%). No significant differences were observed in color parameters $a^*$ and $b^*$ between black soybeans with yellow cotyledon (BYC) and green cotyledon (BGC). Total isoflavone content of BGC was higher than that of BYC, and negative correlation was found between total anthocyanin and isoflavone contents.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.231-237
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• 2008

This study was conducted to determine the amount of flavonoids in Salicomia herbacea L. grown by a liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The flavonoids-contained quercetin (124.43 ppm), rutin (2.57 ppm), quercetin-3-${\beta}$-glucoside (3992.49 ppm), quercetin-3',4'-glucoside (0.08 ppm) and isorhamnetin (27.81 ppm) were detected in the powder sample. In particular, quercetin-3-${\beta}$-glucoside accounted for more than 99% in hay and 96% in powder. These results suggest that S. herbacea, which is one of halophyte plants, has high functional substances as an antioxidant source.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the anthocyanin pigments in the fruits of mulberry and grape. The anthocyanin pigments in the fruits of mulberry and grape were extracted with l% methanolic hydrochloric acid. The cyanidin-3-glu-coside (C3G) was separated and quantified by HPLC system using a Nova-Pack C$\sub$18/ column. The cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) contents of mulberry fruits were higher than that of grapes. Especially, anthocyanin pigments of mulberry fruits showed only C3G peak, but anthocyanin pigments of grapes showed some species peaks.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.425-433
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• 1997

Levels and distribution of five B-6 vitamers(PMP, PM, PLP, PL, and PN) and pyridoxine $\beta$-glucoside conjugates(PN-glucoside) were examined in milk of American women who received supplements of 2.5 or 10mg PN HCl/d and of unsupplemented Egyptian women during the first six months of lactation. B-6 vitamer and PN-glucoside levels in human milk were determined by reverse-phase HPLC. Pyridoxal(PL), which has been reported to be the most rapidly absorbed form of vitamin B-6 and may facilitate bioavailability, was the predominant vitamer in human milk of all three groups. Pyridoxal made up 72% of total vitamin B-6 for the 2.5mg supplemented group, 76% for the 10mg group, and 59% for the Egyptian group. Level and Percent PL were significantly lower for Egyptian women. Mean growth of the two American groups was similar to each other and within the normal range of the NCHS reference, however, Egyptian infants showed growth faltering at 6 months. The Percent of PN-glucoside, a less bioavailable form of vitamin B-6 in humans was 1% in milk of American women and was 11% in Egyptian women and these values were significantly different. for Egyptian women, total vitamin B-6 levels in breast milk correlated Positively with animal protein intake(r=0.91) and percent PN-glucosides(r=0.53) and negatively with plant protein intake(r=-0.55). These findings showed that high plant protein intake was associated with low concentrations of PL and total vitamin B-6 in human milk.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 2021

Salicornia herbacea is a type of salt marsh plant that has been used in traditional medicine to treat several diseases. Isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (I3G) and quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q3G) are major flavonoids in S. herbacea that are known to exert various pharmacological activities. Therefore, our study sought to validate and optimize an HPLC/UV-based analytical method for I3G and Q3G yield quantification, as well as to determine its limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, precision, and accuracy. Upon testing a concentration range of 31.5-1.9 ㎍/mL the results exhibited good linearity (r² ≥0.9996 and r² ≥0.9999 for I3G and Q3G, respectively), and the procedure was deemed precise (relative standard deviation of ≤3.19 and ≤3.85%, respectively), and accurate (102.6-105.0 and 92.9-95.2%, respectively). The results showed that our proposed method could be used for rapid I3G and Q3G evaluation in S. herbacea.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.815-822
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• 1999

Twenty one flavonoids were isolated from ethyl acetate layer of aqueaus EtOH extracts of Artemisia vulgaris and identified as tricin, jaceosidine, eupafolin, diosmetin, chrysoeriol, homoeriodictyol, isorhamnetin, apigenin, eriodictyol, luteolin, luteolin 7-glucoside, kaempferol 3-glucoside, kaempferol 7-glucoside, kaempferol 3-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3-rutinside, quercetin, quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin 3-galactoside, quercetrin, quercetin 7-glucoside, rutin, and vietexin. The inhibitory activity for all purified flavonoids were examined against lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsome. All examined flavonoids showed considerable antioxidant activity. Among them, $IC_{50}$ value of apigenin, luteolin, isorhamnetin, quercetin, and eriodictyol were showed higher than that of vitamin E used as positive control. And methoxylated flavonoids, tricin, eupafolin, jaceosidine, diosmetin, and isorhamnetin showed considerable antioxidant activity. Each $IC_{50}$ values were shown at 0.9, 1.0, 1.4, 1.0, and $0.7\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.238-243
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• 2007

The contents of limonin, nomilin and limonin glucoside in different tissues of dangyuja (Citrus spp.) were measured during fruit growth and maturation by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS). Both nomilin and limonin contents increased from June, peaked in October and in December, respectively, and then decreased afterwards. In contrast, the content of limonin glucoside increased from October and remained at high levels throughout the maturation. The contents of limonin, nomilin and limonin glucoside in peel decreased gradually throughout the growth and the trends of changes were similar to each other. However, all three limonoid contents in juice sac increased dramatically at the end of fruit maturation. The highest concentration of limonin and nomilin was observed in seed, followed by segment membrane, whereas the highest limonin glucoside concentration was observed in segment membrane, followed by juice sac.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.614-618
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• 2014

Resveratrol, which is a polyphenolic antioxidant, is dose-dependent when used to provide health benefits, to enhance stress resistance, and to extend lifespans. However, even though resveratrol has therapeutic benefits, its clinical therapeutic effect is limited owing to its low oral bioavailability. An Escherichia coli system was developed that contains an artificial biosynthetic pathway that produces resveratrol glucoside derivatives, such as resveratrol-3-Oglucoside (piceid) and resveratrol-4'-O-glucoside (resveratroloside), from simple carbon sources. This artificial biosynthetic pathway contains a glycosyltransferase addition (YjiC from Bacillus) with resveratrol biosynthetic genes. The produced glucoside compounds were verified through the presence of a product peak(s) and also through LC/MS analyses. The strategy used in this research demonstrates the first harnessing of E. coli for de novo synthesis of resveratrol glucoside derivatives from a simple sugar medium.