• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.614-622
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• 2022

This study attempted to investigate the effect of manufacturing a formulation with lavender extract and applying it to damaged hair. The experimental material was prepared by adding 0 g, 3 g 6 g, and 9 g of lavender extract to the perm base agent. The prepared formulation was applied to four damaged hair samples and compared and analyzed. As a measurement method for the effect on damaged hair, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and gloss were measured. Statistical analysis was conducted for the reliability of the research results. The tensile strength measurement results showed that the tensile strength of the sample applied with a formulation containing 6 g and 9 g at 8 levels increased, affecting damaged hair. As a result of absorbance analysis using methylene blue, it was found that the absorbance of all samples applied by adding extracts decreased, affecting damaged hair. The gloss measurement results showed that the addition of 9 g affected the damaged hair. In conclusion, it can be seen that lavender extract affects damaged hair, so it is considered to have an effect of improving Damage hair.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.36-45
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• 2024

This study was to investigate the effect of manufacturing an avocado oil-added formulation and applying it to damaged hair. The experimental materials were prepared by adding avocado oil contents of 0 g, 3 g, 6 g, and 9 g to the perm base agent. It was applied to 4 damaged hair samples with the prepared formulation for comparative analysis. Tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and gloss were measured as measurement methods for the effect on damaged hair. Statistical analysis was performed for the reliability of the research results. As a result of the tensile strength measurement, it was found that the tensile strength of the sample applied with the formulation containing 6 g and 9 g to the sample increased, affecting damaged hair. As a result of the absorbance analysis using methylene blue, it was found that the absorbance of all samples applied by adding oil decreased, affecting damaged hair. The gloss measurement result was found to affect damaged hair when 6 g and 9 g were added. The conclusion is that avocado oil affects damaged hair, so it is thought that it will have an effect of improving hair.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.471-478
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• 2022

This study attempted to find out the improvement effect the improvement effect of Babassu oil on damaged hair by damaged hair by applying a hair-improving formulation with Babassu oil to damaged hair after manufacturing. As the experimental raw material, the contents of babassu oil were changed to 0 g, 3 g 6 g, and 9 g and added to the perm base agent. The prepared formulation was applied to 8 levels of bleached sample hair. Each sample and damaged hair were measured and compared and analyzed. As for the measurement method, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and gloss were measured to know the effect of improving damage hair Statistical analysis was conducted for the reliability of the research results. As a result of the research, it was found that the tensile strength was higher than that of the damaged hair in all samples applied by adding babassu oil. As a result of absorbance analysis using methylene blue, it was found that absorbance was decreased in all samples compared to damaged hair. As a result of the gloss measurement, it was found that the gloss was increased in all samples compared to the damaged hair. In conclusion, it was found that babassu oil had an improvement effect on damaged hair.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2014

In this study, in order to investigate the influence of insolubilizer on the double coating structure, we carried out basic research related to the double coating formulation with four insolubilizers having various chemical types such as amino aldehyde, glyoxal and two metallic salts. It was found that although the four insolubilizers showed similar results on optical and surface properties of the coated papers, they gave different results in the printabilities of the coated papers since coating structure was significantly influenced by different reacting mechanism of the insolubilizers. Three of the insolubilizers (glyoxal, two metallic salts) showed better results than amino aldehyde type one when they were applied to top coating formulation. Metallic salts type insolubilizers showed good results in the print gloss when it was applied to top coating formulation. It was believed that amino aldehyde type insolubilizer applied top coating formulation showed good both of dry-pick and wet-pick strength.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.986-993
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• 2021

This study was aimed to investigate the improvement effects of kelp extract on the damaged hair by manufacturing hair quality improving formulation adding kelp extract and applying that in the damaged hair. With respect to the study materials, the formulation was manufactured with different strengths of kelp extract including 0, 2, 4, and 6 grams, adding perm base material. The manufactured formulation was applied to the decolored sample hair of Level 8 and its effects were measured and compared before and after its application. Tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and gloss were measured as the tools to show the improvement effects of hair quality. To check the reliability of the results, statistical analysis was performed. Tensile strength showed to be increased in the Level 8 samples applied by the formulations containing 4- and 6-gram strength. Absorbance using methylene blue showed to be decreased in all the samples after the application, based on the absorbance results before and after the application. No difference was found in all the samples on the gloss. In conclusion, this study revealed that kelp extract could improve the damaged hair. Further studies are required to check the improvement effects on the damaged hair with multiple types of extracts and study methods.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2004

In order to vitrify the W1 waste (ion-exchange resin(IER), zeolite, and dry active waste(DAW)) generated from Korean Nuclear Power Plants, a glass formulation development based on waste compositions and production rates was performed. A aluminoborosilicate glass, AG8W1, was formulated to vitrify the W1 waste in an induction cold crucible melter(CCM). The processability, product performance, and economics of the candidate glass were calculated using a computer code and were measured experimentally in the laboratory and CCM. The glass viscosity and electrical conductivity as the process parameters were in the desired ranges. Start-up and maintaining glass melt of the candidate glass were favorable in the CCM. The product quality of the glass such as chemical durability, phase stability, etc. was satisfactory. The vitrification process using the candidate glass was also evaluated to be operated as economically as possible.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.28-35
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• 1997

Sole-binder formulation has been recently introduced to solve the problems of coating process and printability caused by use of natural polymer However, the decrease of natural polymer application causes another problem in paper coating. Therefore, synthetic thickener is used to get similar effect to natural polymer usage. In this study. low shear viscosity, dewatering of coating colors were measured to evaluate the performance of the alkali sensitive water retention and rheology modifiers. The effects of alkali sensitive thickener on the physical properties of coated paper and printability were also investigated. The gloss and printability of coated paper containing the synthetic flow modifier were similar or superior to those of CMC containing coated paper. This modifier was also effective to improve the problems caused by the use of starch. The results indicated that the flow modifier synthesized with alkali sensitive thickener can reduce the problems of natural polymer and could be a good substitute f3r a natural polymer.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2012

Surface properties and curing behavior of UV-initiated photopolymerization with and without wax have been investigated by pendulum hardness, pencil hardness, gloss, photo-differential scanning calorimetry (photo-DSC) and SEM. In addition, the influence of wax type (paraffin wax, PE wax) on the various properties of UV cured films was studied. The results showed that the wax type was the significant factor affecting gloss and surface hardness of UV cured films. Specially, the photo-DSC results showed that ${\Delta}H$ for the UV cured films containing paraffin wax was higher than the corresponding values for the formulation without wax and with PE wax. The observed results clearly demonstrate that the photopolymerization of UV curing with paraffin wax in an air atmosphere is less inhibited by the oxygen compared to UV curing without wax and with PE wax.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.294-302
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• 2022

This study attempted to investigate the effect of improving damaged hair by preparing a hair improving agent with basil oil and applying it to damaged hair. An experimental material was added to a perm base agent containing 0 g, 3 g, 6 g, 9 g of basil oil to prepare the preparation. It was applied to sample hair bleached at 8 levels with the prepared formulation. Each sample and damaged hair were measured and analyzed. The measurement method measured tensile strength, absorbance and gloss using methylene blue to determine the effect of improving maternal quality. Statistical analysis was conducted on the reliability of the study results. Studies have shown that all samples with basil oil have higher tensile strength than damaged hair. As a result of the absorbance analysis using methylene blue, it was found that the absorbance was lower than that of damaged hair in all samples. Gloss measurement showed that all samples showed increased luster compared to damaged hair. In conclusion, basil oil was found to improve damaged hair. In the future, research on various types of oil and research methods is needed.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 1999

The binder plays important roles in determining the quality of pigment coating. In addition to its primary role of binding the pigment to the base paper, the binder performs several other important functions. The binder, also referred to as the adhesive, is the dominant in the aqueous phase of the formulation. Thus it plays a major role in determining viscosity, rheology, water release, and setting time for the coating. Latices based on styrene-butadiene dominate the market for synthetic paper coating binders. Consumption is high and is expected to increase further due to the present tendeyncy toward high-solids coating. The purpose of this study is understanding the impact of various parameters of latex(i.e. Tg, Particle size) affecting prontabilities and optical properties of the coated papers, as well as providing basic information on the use of amphoteric latex for improving print qualities of coated papers. Recently, amphoteric latices, Which are cationic at low pH's but turn anionic at high pH's have attracted interests of paper scientists and engineers. Therefore we investigated the effect of the Tg(glass transition temperature) and particle size of amphoteric latex on the coating qualities. We also studied the effect of mixing ratios (Amphoteric / Anionic)of latex on the coating qualities. Our results showed that Tg and particle size of amphoteric latex have to be controlled for optimizing coated paper qualities. The formulation consisting of 10 parts of amphoteric latex and 5 parts of anionic latex gave best results in ink receptivity, smoothness, air permeability, opacity and sheet gloss. If the results hold for the industrial paper coatings, the amount of expensive amphoteric latex can be reduced while achieving best available printing quality.