• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2001

A method for the determination of glucose in human whole blood by chemiluminescence method using a stopped flow injection system has been studied. The method is based on the differences in the chemiluminescence intensities of luminol due to the different amounts of hydrogen peroxide produced from the glucose oxidase catalyzed reaction. The enzyme reactor was prepared by immobilization of glucose oxidase on aminopropyl glass beads and the chemiluminescence from a flow cell was measured by means of an optical fiber bundle. In order to obtain the optimum experimental conditions, effects of pH for the chemiluminogenic solution and enzyme reactor, flow rate and temperature on the chemiluminescence intensity were investigated. The calibration curve obtained under optimum experimental conditions was linear over the range from $1.0{\times}10^{-1}$ mM to 7.0 mM and the detection limit was $6.0{\times}10^{-2}$ mM. The proposed method was applied to the determination of glucose in whole human blood sample and the results were compared with those obtained by an official method. The present method was also evaluated by the results of recovery experiments.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.374-377
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• 1989

To optimize the enzymatic saccharification of raw-starch, reaction conditions by shaking with glass beads were adapted together with ${\alpha}-amylase$ from Streptomyces sp. 4M-2 and amyloglucosidase from commercial source. When raw-starch was degraded by the ${\alpha}-amylase$ in shaking flask with beads (raw-starch : bead in diam. of 3mm=1 : 5 by weight) at the shaker speed of 300rpm, the saccharification rate of corn and potato starch were increased up to 88% and 69% after 30 hrs of reaction, respectively. Application of the amyloglucosidase in combination with the ${\alpha}-amylase$ enhanced the rate of saccharifcation: 88% of saccharification was obtained in 6 hrs for raw-corn starch under the same reaction conditions as above.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1429-1434
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• 2004

Immunoassay is one of the important analytical methods for clinical diagnoses and biochemical studies, but needs a long time, troublesome procedures and expensive reagents. In this study, therefore, we propose the micro filter chip with microbeads for immunoassay, which has pillar structures. The advantage of the proposed micro filter chip is to use simple fabrication process and cheap materials. The mold was made by the photolithography technique with Si wafer and negative photoresist SU-8. The replica was made of PDMS, bonded on the pyrex glass. The micro filter chip consists of inlet channel, filter chamber and outlet channel. HBV (Hepatitius B virus) monoclonal antibody (Ag1) labeled with biotin were immobilized onto streptavidin coated beads of 30∼50 $\mu$m size. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled HBV monoclonal antibody (Ag8) was used to detect HBsAg (Hebatitis B virus surface Antigen), and fluorescence intensity was monitored by epi-fluorescence microscope. In this study, the immune response of less than 30 min was obtained with with the use of 100 $m\ell$ of sample.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.672-680
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• 2011

Three new granular absorbents were prepared from calcium hydroxide, and applied to an FGD process with internal circulation. The aim of the study was finding the most efficient of the these three applied absorbents for the $SO_2$ removal at high flue gas temperatures. The absorbent is fed to the testing unit at high operation temperature and fluidized inside the FGD system where the sorbent particles react with the $SO_2$ gas. The rate of $SO_2$ decomposition was high in C-type absorbent which had the large surface area. De-SOx characteristics of the current absorbents appeared to be similar to the other conventional agents in this fluidized bed combustor. In particular, the optimum de-SOx condition could be achieved at high mole ratios of Ca to S which can reduce the residual $SO_2$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07e
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• pp.2182-2185
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• 1999

In this experimental study we propose the double dielectric barrier discharge(DDBD) reactor to produce as high an electric field as possible. DDBD reactor is designed to remove $NO_x$ at atmospheric pressures from the moving pollution source such as diesel automobile DDBD reactor consisted of two cylinder glass tubes arranged so that the gas flow was directed between the two tubes. Inside of the inner tube was filled with small metal beads and outside of the inner tube was wounded with stainless wire to form the electrode. The outer tube was surrounded by an aluminum foil In this reactor there are three electrodes, i.e. metal bead(C), helical wire(I) and aluminum foil(0). By using DDBD reactor we will report some interesting results of treatment of the gas which is the dilute mixtures of NO in N2. And then we compared thee results with the results of cylinder-wire(CW) which is one of popularly used reactor in non-thermal plasma applications.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2006

This study was performed to evaluate the air lift reactors (ALR) by variations of HRT and recycling rate. Air lift reactor was composed of bioreactor and clarifier above it. To remove organic matters and nitrogen through the formation of microbic film and filtration, bio-filter reactors were filled with clay, glass, bead, waste plastic, respectively. Influent wastewater was fed to biofilter reactor, and effluent wastewater from bio-filter reactor was injected ALR again, instead of adding external carbon source. Effluent BOD concentration was satisfied with lower than 10 mg/L in recycling rate 100% regardless of the variation of HRT and the kinds of media materials. In HRT 4 hr, recycling rate 100%, BOD removal efficiency rate was from about 85 to 90%, COD removal efficiency rate was higher than 90%. Effluent TN concentration was satisfied with less than 20 mg/L, if HRT was maintained by over than 6 hr regardless of recycling rate and media materials. Over than HRT was 4 hr, microbes concentration in air lift reactor was maintained over than 2,500 mg/L constantly, not sensitive to environmental condition, and organic removal was effective as it was higher.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2003

A thermoset type anisotropic conductive adhesive film (ACAF) comprising epoxy resin and natural butyl rubber (NBR) as the binder, micro-encapsulated imidazole as the curing agent, and Ni/Au coated polymer bead as a conductive particle has been studied. These films have been prepared to respond to requirements such as improved contact resistance, current status less of than 60 ${\mu}m$ and reliability. These films can also be used for connection between the ITO glass for LCD panel and the flexible circuit board. The curing conditions for the connection were 40, 20 and 15 seconds at 150, 170 and 190 $^{\circ}C$, respectively. The initial contact resistance and adhesion strength were 0.5 ${\Omega}/square$ and 0.4 kg/cm under the condition of 30 kgf/$^{cm}^2}$, respectively. After completing one thousand thermal shock cycling tests between -15 $^{\circ}C$ and 100 $^{\circ}C$, the contact resistance was maintained below 0.7 ${\Omega}/square$. Durability against high temperature (80$^{\circ}C$) and high humidity (85 % RH) was also tested to confirm long-term stability (1000 hrs) of the conduction.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.42-48
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• 2007

An inert gas atomized NiTiZrSiSn bulk metallic glass feedstock was sprayed onto the copper plate using vacuum plasma spraying process. In order to change the in-flight particle energy, that is, thermal energy, the hydrogen gas flow rate in plasma gas mixture was increased at the constant flow rate of argon gas. Coating and single pass spraying bead were produced with the least feeding rate. Regardless of the plasma gas composition, fully melted through unmelted particle could be observed on the overlay coating. However, the frequency of the unmelted particle number density was increased with the decrease of the hydrogen gas flow rate. The amorphous phase fraction within coating was also affected by the number density of the unmelted particle.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.277-283
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• 2011

In this study, engineering grade and high intensity reflective sheets were prepared with glass beads and their reflection performance and physical properties were investigated. The reflective sheets prepared by using glass beads are divided into enclosed or encapsulated lens type, depending on whether the glass beads are open in air or not. Because of an extra layer on the glass bead surface, the enclosed lens type reflective sheets show very little change in the properties by bad weather conditions, compared to encapsulated lens type reflective sheets. Optimization of the amount of glass beads on the surface was carried out, which determines the retroreflective properties. Enclosed and encapsulated lens type reflective sheets with various colors were prepared and their coefficients of retroreflection were determined. The encapsulated type reflective sheet with white color shows a coefficient of retroreflection of $210.4cd/1x{\cdot}m^2$, which is higher than the enclosed type ($74cd/1x{\cdot}m^2$). Effect of washing on the reflective property and adhesive power of the reflective sheets was investigated, and it is found that the number of glass beads decreased with washing and the aluminum layer deposited was damaged extensively in the encapsulated lens type reflective sheets.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2015

Using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), we evaluated the reliability of trace element abundance data measured from the silicate rock references of JR-3, JG-3, JGb-1 and JB-1b using glass discs made by alkali fusion. For 28 elements including rare earth elements, relative standard deviations (RSD) are better than 7% in case when the concentrations of the elements in the rock samples are greater than 10 ppm. However, RSD shows somewhat increased values for the concentrations less than 10 ppm, but never exceeds 25%. Compared with previously reported averages of the compiled abundance data, our data display satisfactory results for the most cases with differences less than 10%. We suggest that LA-ICP-MS analysis using fused glass beads is a reliable, precise and time-saving method of trace element analysis for the silicate rocks spanning from mafic to felsic compositions.