• 한국균학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2018

약용식물 재배지 토양의 야생효모 분포특성을 조사하고 이들 야생효모들의 산업적 응용성을 위한 자료를 얻고자 먼저 약용식물 집단 재배지인 충남 금산의 인삼과 당귀 재배지의 토양들을 2018년 3월에 50점을 채취하여 야생효모들을 분리, 동정하였다. 이들 시료들로부터 21종 43균주의 야생효모들이 분리되었고 인삼재배 논 토양에서는 Rhodotorula glutinis 균주가 6주, 당귀 재배 밭 토양에서는 Cyberlindnera saturnus 균주가 역시 6균주로 가장 많이 분리되었다. 이들 야생효모들을 이용하여 미백성 기능성 화장품 소재를 개발하고자 이들의 무세포추출물을 제조하여 tyrosinase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 저온성 야생효모인 Naganishia globosa G1-7가 28%의 가장 높은 저해활성을 보여 우수효모로 선발하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2009

인삼 근권에 존재하는 토양 미생물중 esculin agar법을 이용하여 $\beta$-glucosidase를 생산하는 균주를 분리하고, 다시 ginsenoside $Rb_1$을 선택적으로 분해하는 균주 Gsoil 235를 선발 및 동정하였다. 16S rRNA 염기서열을 sequencing한 후, genebank에서 가장 가까운 type strain을 결정하여 유연 관계를 분석한 결과 Cellulosimicrobium 속의 funkei ATCC BAA-$886^T$(AY501364)와 99.7% 일치하는 균주임을 확인하였다. TSB, LB, NB등 3종류의 배지에서 균의 생장은 접종 후 12-24 시간에서 가장 잘 자라며, TSB>LB>NB의 순으로 잘 자라는 것을 알 수 있었다. ginsenoside $Rb_1$과 8, 24, 48시간 동안 반응시킨 후 TLC로 분석한 결과 NB>LB>TSB순으로 $Rb_1$ 분해 활성이 뛰어나 배지의 생장과 대조적인 결과를 얻었다. 반응시간이 증가할수록 Rd를 포함한 minor ginsenoside의 생성이 증가하였으며, 특히 다른 배지에 비해 균주 생장속도가 상대적으로 낮은 NB는 48시간 후 $Rb_1$을 거의 분해하여 강한 효소 활성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

We have successfully applied the nested PCR to detect Cylindrocarpon destructans, a major pathogen causing root rot disease from ginseng seedlings in our former study. The PCR assay, in this study, was used to detect the pathogen from soils. The nested PCR using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1, 4 primer set and Dest 1, 4 primer set maintained the specificity in soils containing various microorganisms. For a soil DNA extraction method targeting chlamydospores, when several cell wall disrupting methods were tested, the combination of lyophilization and grinding with glass beads, which broke almost all the chlamydospores, was the strongest. The DNA extraction method which was completed based on the above was simple and time-saving because of exclusion of unnecessary stages, and efficient to apply in soils. As three ginseng fields whose histories were known were analyzed, the PCR assay resulted as our expectation derived from the field information. The direct PCR method will be utilized as a reliable and rapid tool for detecting and monitoring C. destructans in ginseng fields.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.68-75
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• 1988

산지 반양직묘포 29개포장을 대상으로 육묘방법 및 묘삼생산량을 조사하고 그들 상호간의 관계를 분석하였던 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 사용가능묘삼수는 간($180{\times}90$)당 362본, 전묘삼수에 대한 사용가능묘삼수비율(사용가능묘삼비율)은 45%였으며 농가간에 그들의 변이가 심했다. 2. 반양직묘포에서의 사용가능묘삼량은 중량미달묘삼량과 달랭이 묘삼량에 지배되었다. 3. 달랭이 묘삼비율은 상고 및 관수회수와 부의 상관이 각각 인정되었다. 4. 사용가능묘삼비율은 일복의 전.후주 높이와 곡선상관, 일복폭과 부의 상관, 관수회수와는 정의 상관이 각각 인정되었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2012

This research was conducted to investigate the influence of various organic substrates on growth and yield of ginseng seedling grown organically in the closed plastic house. The pH and EC of substrates used for organically ginseng cultivation ranged 5.93~6.78 and 0.03~0.15 dS/m respectively. The concentrations $NH_4$-N and $NO_3$-N respectively was 14.01~68.63 mg/L, 5.60~58.83 mg/L. The average quantum of the closed plastic house was range from 10 to 16% of natural light. In July and August, the maximum temperature of the closed plastic house did not exceed 30 and the average temperature was maintained within 25 lower than the field because air conditioning ran. The PPV-1 and PPV-2 bed soil substrates produced higher stem length, stem diameter, shoot fresh weight and leaf area than those of conventional culture. In PPV-2 bed soil substrates, root fresh weight and root diameter was the highest. The root fresh weight of PPV-2 bed soil substrates in closed plastic house was maximum 25% heavier than the conventional cultivation. The results of this experiment will be utilized for making new substrate application for organic ginseng culture in the plastic house.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1011-1015
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• 2008

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, motile bacterial strain, designated Gsoil $124^T$, was isolated from a soil sample taken from a ginseng field in Pocheon Province (South Korea). The isolate contained Q-10 as the predominant lipoquinone, plus $C_{18:1}\;{\omega}7c$ and summed feature 4 ($C_{16:1}\;{\omega}6c$ and/or iso-$C_{15:0}$ 2-OH) as the major fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 68.1 mol%, and the major polar lipids consisted of sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine. A comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain Gsoil $124^T$ was most closely related to Sphingopyxis chilensis (98.7%), Sphingopyxis alaskensis (98.2%), Sphingopyxis witflariensis (98.2%), Sphingopyxis taejonensis (98.0%), and Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida (97.6%). However, the DNA-DNA relatedness between strain Gsoil $124^T$ and its phylogenetically closest neighbors was less than 22%. Thus, on the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain Gsoil $124^T$ should be classified as representing a novel species in the genus Sphingopyxis, for which the name Sphingopyxis panaciterrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Gsoil $124^T$ (=KCTC $12580^T$=LMG $24003^T$).

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.299-303
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• 1998

To know possibility of raw ginseng production for white- and red-ginseng by direct-sowing culture, seeds were directly sowed or seedlings were transplanted at soil condition of sandy loam in ginseng field. After cultivation, the characters of 5-year-old ginseng were investigated. Number of survived plants was increased with increase the seeding quantity in direct-sowing culture, the survived plants in direct-sowing culture was higher than that of transplanting one. Rate of the numbers of survived plants to numbers of seeds sowed in plots of 134 or 90 seeds sowed per tan, 180 x 90cm area, inspire of high number of survived plant was high compared to that of transplanting culture. Occurrence rate of rusty root of ginseng in direct-sowing culture was low significantly compared to that of transplanting culture. Root yield showed in the order of 134, 268, 90 seeds sowed, the values of yield in direct-sowing culture were high obviously compared to that of transplanting one. Individual root weight was increased with decrease the seeding quantity, however, the root weight in plot of 90 seeds sowed showed almost equal the weight in transplanting culture. The number of usable raw ginseng for white- and red-ginseng was increased with decrease of the seeding quantity; the numbers were higher than that of transplanting culture remarkably. We concluded that optimum seedling rate in direct-sowing culture of ginseng was 90 to 134 seeds per tan considering the yield per area and production rate of large root.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.17-19
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• 2005

This study is for geochemical relationships between ginseng and soil from three representative soil types from Keumsan, shale, phyllite and granite. In the weathered soils(avg.), shale area is high in the most of element, but low in the granite area. In the field soils(avg.), the shale area is mainly high, but low in the granite area and comparing with ages, most of elements are high in the 2 year soils, but low in the 4 year soils. In the host rocks(avg.), high average element contents are shown in the phyllite and shale areas. In the ginsengs, differences of the element contents with ages are not clear, but show high element contents in the 2 year ginsengs of the shale and phyllite areas, and low contents in the 4 year ginsengs of the granite area. In the relative ratios(weathered soil/field soil), most of elements from the shale area are high, above 1, suggesting high element contents in the weathered soils of the shale area relative to the granite and phyllite areas. In the relative ratios(weathered soil/host rock), most of elements Ewe above 1, suggesting the high element contents in the weathered soils relative to the host rocks. Relative ratios (soil/ginseng) of the element contents are generally several times to ten times. Among the ginsengs of different ages with the same area, the relative ratios are small in the Cu and Zn contents. Regardless of the areas, big differences of the relative ratios are found in the Co and small differences are in the Cu and Zn, which suggest that differences between soils and ginsengs are big in the Co contents and small in the Cu and Zn contents. Regardless of the ages, differences among relative ratios are small in granite area relative to the shale. area, which suggest more similarity of the granite soils with ginsengsrelativetotheshalearea.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.367-370
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• 2007

토양수분함량이 묘삼의 생육특성 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 비가림 시설하우스에서 토양수분을 $100{\sim}400$mbar 수준으로 조절하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 광합성량은 토양수분의 감소에 따라 차차 감소되었는데, 토양수분이 매우 적은 조건에서는 뚜렷이 감소되었다. 2. 광합성량은 $25^{\circ}C$보다 $30^{\circ}C$에서 뚜렷이 감소되었으며, 광포화점은 온도에 따라 차이를 보여 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 약 $600{\mu}mol/m^2/s$로 높았으나 $30^{\circ}C$에서는 약 $300{\mu}mol/m^2/s$로. 낮아졌다. 3. 증산량은 광량이 증가할수록 증가하고 토양수분이 감소할수록 감소되었는데, 토양수분이 많았던 처리에서는 온도에 관계없이 고광조건에서 증산량이 매우 많았으나 $30^{\circ}C$의 고온과 400 mbar의 낮은 토양수분 조건에서는 상대적으로 큰 폭의 감소를 보였다. 4. 엽장, 엽폭, 엽록소함량 및 잎의 수분함량은 토양수분의 감소에 따라 차차 감소되었으며, 고온장해율은 토양수분이 감소될수록 뚜렷이 증가되었다. 5. 총근중, 주당근중 및 본포에 이식이 가능한 묘삼의 수량성은 토양수분의 감소에 따라 뚜렷이 감소되어 묘삼생산에 적합한 토양수분함량은 용수량의 63% (절대수분함량 18.9%) 수준이었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1496-1499
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• 2008

A Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, nonspore-forming bacterial strain, designated Gsoil $357^T$ was isolated from soil sample of a ginseng field in Pocheon Province (South Korea). The isolate contained Q-8 as the predominant ubiquinone and iso-$C_{16:0}$, iso-$C_{17:1}$ ${\omega}9c$, and iso-$C_{15:0}$ as the major fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 69.3 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain Gsoil $357^T$ was most closely related to Lysobacter gummosus (97.6%) and Lysobacter antibioticus (97.6%). However, the DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain Gsoil $357^T$ and its phylogenetically closest neighbors was less than 17%. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain Gsoil 357T should be classified as representing a novel species in the genus Lysobacter, for which the name Lysobacter ginsengisoli sp. novo is proposed. The type strain is Gsoil $357^T$ (=KCTC $12602^T$=DSM $18420^T$).