• Title/Summary/Keyword: ginseng products

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Isolation and Characterization of Calmodulin Gene from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

  • Wasnik, Neha G.;Kim, Yu-Jin;Kim, Se-Hwa;Sathymoorthy, S.;Pulla, Rama Krishna;Parvin, Shohana;Senthil, Kalaiselvi;Yang, Deok-Chun
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.59-64
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    • 2009

  • $Ca^{2+}$ and calmodulin (CaM), a key $Ca^{2+}$ sensor in all eukaryotes, have been implicated for defense responses of plants. Eukaryotic CaM contains four structurally and functionally similar $Ca^{2+}$ domains named I, II, III and IV. Each $Ca^{2+}$ binding loop consists of 12 amino acid residues with ligands arranged spatially to satisfy the octahedral symmetry of $Ca^{2+}$ binding. To investigate the altered gene expression and the role of CaM in ginseng plant defense system, cDNA clone containing a CaM gene, designated PgCaM was isolated and sequenced from Panax ginseng. PgCaM, which has open reading frame of 450 nucleotides predicted to encode a precursor protein of 150 amino acid residues. Its sequence shows high homologies with a number of other CaMs, with more similarity to CaM of Daucus carota (AAQ63461). The expression of PgCaM in different P. ginseng organs was analyzed using real time PCR. The results showed that PgCaM expressed at different levels in young leaves, shoots, and roots of 3-week-old P. ginseng. In addition, the expressions of PgCaM under different abiotic stresses were analyzed at different time intervals.

  • https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2009.33.1.059 인용 PDF KSCI

Study on of Extraction Methods of Saponin in Ginseng Products (인삼제품의 Saponin 추출방법에 관한 연구)

  • 손현주;장진규
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 1984

  • In order to shorten the extraction time of saponin in ginseng products, election with Extrelut column and phase-separation methods were compared. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Saponin of ginseng products was extracted completely within 3 hours by election method with Extrelut column, and the rate of removing glucose by the column was increased with increasing glucose content in ginseng products. 2. Stirring method was superior to refluxing method for removing sugars from ginseng products, and removing rate was deceased in the order of lactose, sucrose and glucose. 3. Extraction rate of ginsenoside from ginseng extracts by the elution method was nearly same as that of phase-separation method; however, the former was much higher than the latter in the case of ginseng teas. Therefore, the elution by Extrelut column is to be improper for extraction of saponin in ginseng tea which contains much sugar. It was necessary to remove lipophilic compounds for extraction of saponin from ginseng extracts by elution with Extrelut column.

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Equilibrium Relative Humidity (ERH) Relationships of Red Ginseng Products (홍삼제품의 저장습도와 흡습속도와의 관계)

  • 박길동;김우정;최진호;양재원;성현순
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 1981

  • A study was designed to study the sorption characteristics of powder-type products of red ginseng such as red ginseng tea, red ginseng powder and spray 4ried powder of red ginseng extract The sorption rates and equilibrium moisture contents on these products were calculated at ova. a range of relative himidities and two different temperatures ($25^{\circ}C$ and 38$^{\circ}C$). Significant differences between these three products were found in water activities, sorption rates and the relationship between the ratio of %H2O/RH and moisture content The red ginseng tea required the most excessive drying to reach aw=0.4, followed by red ginseng power and spray dried powder of red ginseng extract Attempt was made to obtain equations which can predict sorption rate and moisture content of red ginseng products at given relative humidity and temperature after certain period of storage.

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