• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.346-351
• /
• 1998

To investigate the hormetic effects of the low dose ${\gamma}-ray$ radiation on the germination rate, Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L. cv. Eunchun and cv. Sukchangwoidae) seeds were irradiated at the dose of $0.5\;{\sim}24.0$ Gy with the ${\gamma}-ray$ radiation (Co-60). The germination rate of 'Eunchun' cultivar increased about 10% in the low dose ${\gamma}-ray$ irradiation group compared with that of the control. In the 'Sukchangwoidae' cultivar, the germination rate of the 4 Gy irradiation group increased 40% more than that of the control. Broadly, it seemed that the hormetic effects of the low-dose ${\gamma}-ray$ radiation were taken more promisingly in the uncultivated soil than in the fertile soil. The germination rate from the paper towel and filter paper based cultivation increased 10% and 16% more, respectively, in the 1 Gy irradiation group than that in the control group. And the electric conductivities of the above groups supposed to be taken hormetic effects of the ${\gamma}-ray$ radiation were lower than those of the control group. From the above results, it is suggested that the low dose ${\gamma}-ray$ radiation ranged from 1 Gy to 10 Gy could have the hormetic effects on the germination rate related characters in Welsh onion seeds.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2016

This research was performed to develop seminal propagation method of Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. by conducting a rigorous germination study. Well-selected seeds were dry-stored at 4 ± 1.0℃ during the experiment. To study dormancy type, non-stored seeds were analyzed by embryo observation, germination test and detecting for any difficulties in seed coat to absorb moisture. Then to improve germination, seeds were submerged for 24 hours in a solution of varying concentrations containing one of plant growth regulators and minerals. According to research, fleshly matured seeds had an undifferentiated embryo and had a low germination rate below 5%. In addition, water submersion led to moisture absorption, embryo in the seeds grew and germinated so it was deemed morphophysiological dormant seeds. Percent germination (PG) and germination energy (GE) was greatly improved by soaking in plant growth regulators and minerals for 24 hours. Especially, 500 ㎎/L GA₃ treatment resulted in the highest GE as 46.1%. KNO₃ meaningfully improved PG (54.3∼57.7%) at 10∼20 mM but effect of minerals on germination acceleration as GE were negatively impacted in all concentrations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2015.08a
• /
• pp.162.1-162.1
• /
• 2015

The use of plasma has increased in bio-application field in recent years. Particularly, water treated by arc discharge or atmospheric pressure plasma has been actively utilized in bio-industry. In this study, we have developed a plasma activated water generating system. For this system, two kinds of plasma sources; dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and arc discharge plasma have been used. The discharge energy was calculated using the breakdown voltage and current, and the emission spectrum was measured to investigate the generated reactive species. We also analyzed the amount of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in water using the chemical methods and nitric oxide sensor. Finally, the influence of plasma generated reactive species on the germination and growth of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was investigated. Spinach is a green leafy vegetable that contains a large amount of various physiologically active organic compounds. However, it is characterized with a low seed germination rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 2002

The purposes of this study are to investigate water content and treatment period in Solid Matrix Priming(SMP; method for enhanced rapid and uniform seedling emergence in tobacco seeds). The higher water content made the faster imbibition speed of tobacco seed. But the radicle emergence shorten the period of water equilibrium. The range of water content in SMP treatment within the limits of no radicle emergence of tobacco seed was 28∼32% to dry weight of tobacco seed. The rate of radicle emergence and seedling emergence was higher in water content 30% and 40% treatment plot than that in 50% and 60% treatment plot. But it was not different between SMP treatment and non-SMP treatment. In water content 40% during 9 days treatment, germinative energy was highest, and T50 and mean germination time(MGT) were the shortest. The germination speed was higher in SMP treatment than that in non-SMP treatment. It was not different on the germination rate between non-SMP treatment and SMP treatment.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.400-404
• /
• 2003

This study was to evaluate the effects of gamma irradiation on the germination, nutrient concentrations and growth of spinach and radish. Both the spinach and radish seeds exhibited relatively higher germination rates in response to the low doses of gamma irradiation compared to the non -irradiated control. Leaf DW of the radish did not respond to gamma irradiation but that of the spinach increased significantly in response to a gamma radiation of 4 Gy (P< 0.05). Leaf growth parameters of the spinach including the leaf area and SLA (leaf area/leaf dry weight) also demonstrated increased responses to gamma irradiation. R/S (root dry weight/shoot dry weight), root DW and root length of the spinach exhibited a positive response to gamma irradiation while those of the radish did not. In contrast, SRL (root length/root dry weight) significantly decreased with gamma irradiation at 8 Gy for the spinach, but not for the radish. The tissue nitrogen concentrations of the spinach showed an increased response to gamma irradiation while that of the radish did not. Furthermore, higher concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium were found in the irradiated spinach, but not in the irradiated radish. It seems that the non-specific physiological and/or biochemical activities of spinach might be accelerated by gamma irradiation, possibly accounting for the stimulation of nutrient uptake from the root media and early biomass accumulation in the current study.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2008

This study was conducted to determine the optimum dose ranges for a mutation breeding based on the observations of a seed germination and an early growth in turfgrasses. Three warm season (Zoysiagrass, Bermudagrass, and Seashore paspalum) and four cool season turfgrasses (Kentucky bluegrass, Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass, and Creeping bentgrass) were used in this study. We investigated the percentage of a seed germination and a seedling growth after irradiating the turfgrass seeds with various doses of gamma-ray (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, and 500 Gy). After 24 h with a gamma irradiation, the seeds were sown on the wet filter paper in a petri dish and maintained for 3 weeks at 30$^{\circ}C$ for the warm season turfgrasses and at 25$^{\circ}C$ for the cool season turfgrasses. Data on a seed germination and a seedling growth with three replications were collected. The percentage of seed germination was decreased with an increase of the gamma-ray dose. Shoot and root growth, and the fresh weight were decreased significantly as the radiation dose was increased. A radiation dose indicating a 50% growth inhibition ($LD_{50}$) with a gamma irradiation was varied among those turfgrass species used, with the highest at about 500 Gy for bermudagrass and the lowest at 100Gy for tall fescue. The optimum dose for a gamma irradiation for a selection of turfgrass mutants was considered to be about 300, 150, 500, 150, 200, 100 and 200 Gy for zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, bermudagrass, Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and creeping bentgrass, respectively.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.143-156
• /
• 1974

The purpose of this experiment was to study one side of germination physiology based on that protein profiles and protease relating to protein metabolism, that peroxidase, catalase, $\alpha$-amylase, $\beta$-amylase, and malate dehydrogenase involved in the carbohydrate metabolism of seed germination. All these experiments were divided into the two groups with and without acetone treatment, and were carried out. The protein bands of each germinating stage between the groups treated with and without acetone showed certain basic pattern in polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. However, there was a little difference in the number of protein band, optical density, and migration velocity between two groups. The isozyme bands of peroxidase, and catalase between two groups in polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis did not show the numeral difference, but the optical density of certain germinating stage treated with acetone was higher than the group untreated with it and it showed their enzyme activity. The $\alpha$-amylase and $\beta$-amylase activities which involved in starch metabolism of seed germination were higher in the treated group than the other. On one hand, the protease activity of hydrolase occurred in the seeds for germination was also higher, more or less in the treated group than in the other. The isozyme band pattern of malate dehydrogenase in TCA cycle of energy metabolism pathway was very different between two groups growing for 72 hours with and without acetone treatment in cellulose acetate electrophoresis. It indicated that two isozyme bands of malate dehydrogenase was high. Consequently these experimental results mentioned above indicated that acetone treatment before sowing had an effect on dissolving certain complexed lipid substance involved in the seed coats, the activity of carbohydrate hydrolase increased with water absorption which was most comfortable in its germination, dissolved glycerin and fatty acid became certain energy source, and they stimulated the acceleration of respiration metabolism.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.43-46
• /
• 1963

1. Almost complete death of pitch pine seeds resulted when presoaked in 0.5 per cent ethyleneimine solution without neutralization. When neutralized with 1 N HCL, quite high germination percentages were obtained even with 2 per cent solution. 2. When presoaked in 0.25 or 0.50 per cent ethyl methanesulphonate, there was a delay in germination, but the germination per cent rapidly increased from about the 10 th day from sowing. 3. Basing upon the time when the germinative energy of control seeds was reached, the comparative lethal doses (concentrations) among mutagenic chemicals and radiations were investigated (Table 1).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.136-139
• /
• 2012

This study is part of research to develop the technology for managing major medicinal crops after harvest. We studied the optimal germination conditions of $Cynanchum$ $wilfordii$ (Maxim.) Hemsl. The mean germination time (MGT) of $C.$ $wilfordii$ seeds was higher after soaking for 4 days after storage at $5^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks, than with germination at $25^{\circ}C$ (3 days). However, the germinative energy (GE) decreased as the number of days soaking increased. The greatest germination rate ($83.3{\pm}8.8%$) was at $25^{\circ}C$ with no soaking of seeds stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. Based on these results, we characterized the germination conditions of a major medicinal crop.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 1998.04a
• /
• pp.165-166
• /
• 1998