• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.136-141
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• 2007

The UNESCO`s earth science division has developed the geoparks program to recognize earth scientific heritage sites worldwide. To respond to this movement, I suggest Byeonsanbando National Park (BNP) as the first geopark in Korea and provide, at the same time, a line of evidence supporting the designation of geopark. BNP has the best qualifications with geological, geomorphological, ecological, and cultural resources. In Chaeseokgang and Jeokbyukgang, there are many geological and geomorphological resources attracting the scientific importance. In addition, BNP has a total of 844 species of wild plants and 550 species of wild animals. Cultural properties abound in BNP, including Koryo bronze bell of Naesosa and Taeungjon hall of Kaeamsa. To be designated a geopark by UNESCO, a management plan of geotourism will be required in addition to the geological, geomorphological, ecological and cultural resources, which should be prepared by the Korea National Parks Service and related local government authority. If the above-mentioned conditions are met completely, Korea would enter the global network of geoparks for the first time.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2013

This study is intended to provide resources of on-the-spot experience learning activities for students by investigating characteristics of geomorphological and geological landscapes in Sado(including Jungdo and Jeungdo). There are nine types of geomorphological and geological landscape according to the classification from NIER(National Institute of Environmental Research) or seventeen types of it, according to the categorization from KEI(Korea Environment Institute). Such geomorphological and geological landscapes are useful as a place for on-the-spot learning activities that various types of geographical and geological features suggested in the elementary and middle school textbooks and also as a basic data for ecotourism and geotourism for visitors in Sado. In addition, specific targets to be investigated for geographical and geological heritage suggested by KEI should be determined in terms of conservation value through professional and thorough field investigation.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.65-77
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• 2013

This study investigated and analyzed the topographic landscape resources of Mureung Valley in Donghae-si from the viewpoint of geotourism in order to suggest the tourism contents and tour course. A total of 29 topographic landscapes were observed; these are broadly divided into 4 features including weathering landform, mountainous landform, fluvial landform, and structural landform. Major topographies are fluvial landform (13) and weathering landform (12). At least 19 topographies (14 sites, 19 topographic landscapes) are currently used as tourism resources, with 10 topographies having potential to be developed as new tourism resources. The 10 topographic landscapes are as follows: (1) Jamryong Bawi (Hidden Dragon Rock), (2) Janggipan Bawi (Korean Chessboard Rock), (3) Nurungji Bawi (Parched Rice Rock), (4) Damjang Bawi (Fence Rock), (5) Gyedan Bawi (Stairs Rock), (6) Heundeul Bawi (Rocking Rock), (7) Jeopsi Bawi (Dish Rock), (8) Dol Umul (Stone Well), (9) Jogak Bawi (Carved Rock), and (10) Dubu Bawi (Topu Rock). The topographic tour course can be divided into 3 routes considering accessibility and time. Route 1 is a basic one that anyone can easily use; Route 2 and 3 can be used by visitors who have more time to spare or who are more active.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.93-107
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• 2018

The concepts of geotourism and geoparks have emerged due to the paradigm shift in tourism and the increased recognition of geosites and geoheritage as legacies that must be protected and preserved. The number of geoparks designated by UNESCO and national governments is increasing globally. The purpose of this paper is to propose directions for enhancing Jeju Geopark to perform as a geological educational venue. This study reviewed the present conditions of the education and communication, the media, and the facilities of the geopark with respect to the required conditions to be effective for geological education. Data surveys, field surveys, visitor questionnaires, and interviews were conducted to examine the educational and guidance system of the geopark, the physical space configuration, and the operation and management methods. The research process is as follows. First, the study analyzed the status of the education and communication in Jeju Geopark, according to the criteria of the UNESCO GGN, using data acquired from the survey. Second, the study analyzed and evaluated the educational and communication facilities, and media, focusing on four aspects of the geopark: the geo-trail, spatial composition and layout, communicational and educational facilities, and the system and design of signboards. Third, the study assessed the perception and satisfaction of visitors to the geopark. Fourth, the study summarized the potential and limitations of the Jeju Geopark through in-depth interviews. The four analyses showed that enhancements in the exploration environment, communication, media, and operation and management system are all necessary for effective geological education. Based on these results, this study suggests directions for enhancing the geopark in the four following aspects. Management and maintenance must be improved to meet UNESCO criteria, while the improvements in the visiting environment quality, the supplementing of communication and facilities, and enhancements in the organization and system of operation and management also must be taken on.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 2023

The anti-melanogenic activity of 259 actinomycete strains was tested, and based on the results for the inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity and the reduction in melanin content, Micromonospora sp. JCS1 and JCS7 were selected as the strains with the highest anti-melanogenic potential. The activity-guided fractionation of extracts from JCS1 and JCS7 led to the isolation of the dipeptides cyclo(ʟ-Phenyl alanine (Phe)-ʟ-Proline (Pro)) (1) and cyclo(ʟ-Tryptophan (Trp)-ʟ-Proline (Pro)) (2). These two compounds were tested for their inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase by monitoring ʟ-DOPA levels and melanin production. Cyclo(ʟ-Phe-ʟ-Pro) (1) and cyclo(ʟ-Trp-ʟ-Pro) (2) were thus confirmed to have the potential for use in functional whitening cosmetics containing actinomycete-derived secondary metabolites.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.218-231
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate essential information about the geological and geomorphological characteristics of the Odaesan landscape, in order to efficiently preserve and develop resources selected from among that are highly valuable scholastically and esthetically. A total of 147 geological and geomorphological landscape resources were studied during the course of this study. Landscape type mostly discovered was the tectonic topography, followed by the topographies of weathering, river, mountain, lacustrine, and periglacier, respectively in decreasing order. Among the varieties of geological and geomorphological landscape resources, 4 outcrops were utilized as tourist resources and 5 outcrops were considered as valuable sites for scientific research. Geological and geomorphological landscape resources for academic research were considered to have practical uses such as geological and geomorphological fieldwork for students and thematic geotourism courses for the public.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.45-69
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• 2020

In Danyang area, various geological structures as well as various lithology and strata are well developed, which are useful for studying paleo-environment and structural movements, and also typical karst landforms, wethering landforms and river landforms. If geologically and geomorphologically valuable resources are used in terms of geotourim perspective, it is expected that revitalization of regional economy through diversification of attracting factors and employment creation of local people. Danyang has many excellent geological resources for geological field trip, they can greatly contribute to the development of geology such as expanding the base of geology and cultivating successive generations. In this study, we have evaluated newly discovered sites and previously excavated resources based on academical and educational values. By using these geological and geomorphological resources, we suggest three geotrail courses as follows. First, Geo-trail A is mainly focused on geological structures (Route A: Jeong Hwan Route), where we can learn geological deformation and movement through various brittle and ductile deformation structures. Second, Geo-trail B is mainly focused on stratigraphic importance (Route B: Soon-Bok Route), which emphasizes on various rocks, strata and contact relationship. Third, Geo-trail C is mainly focused on geomorphological landforms and landscapes (Route C: Satgat Route), which provide information about different geomorphological landforms and the interaction between different geological agents. In order to operate these geotrail courses efficiently, installation of explanation boards and view points, cultivate local commentators, and visitor centers and experience programs should be properly prepared together.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.201-219
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• 2017

The Jinan Basin which includes Maisan locates in the central part of the northern boundary of the Yeongnam Massif. The basement rocks of the Jinan Basin and surrounding area are Precambrian gneiss and Mesozoic granite which were exposed on the surface before Cretaceous. The Jinan Basin, one of the Cretaceous pull-apart basins in South Korea, formed along the Yongdong-Gwangju fault system. Maisan is composed of conglomerate deposited in the eastern slope of the Jinan Basin showing the shape of horse ears and the unusual topography where many tafonies were developed. The strike slip fault that caused the Jinan Basin was connected to the deep depth so that the magma formed at 200 km depth could have extruded on the surface causing active volcanic activity in and around the Jinan basin. As a result, Cheonbansan composed of pyroclastic rocks, Gubongsan consisting of volcanic neck and WoonilamBanilam formed by the lava flow, appear around Maisan forming a specific terrain. After the formation of the Jinan Basin and surrounding volcanic rocks, they uplifted to form mountains including Masian; the uplifting time may be ca. 69-38 Ma. At this time, the Noryeong mountain range may be formed in the regions which extended from Chugaryeong through Muju and Jinan to Hampyeong dividing the Geumgang and Seomjingang water systems. Due to the ecological barrier, the Noryeong mountain range, Coreoleuciscus splendidus living in the Geumgang water systems was differentiated from that in the Soemjingang water system. In addition, the Geumgang and Mangyeong-Dongjingang water systems were separated by the Unjangsan, which developed in the NNW direction. As a result, diverse ecosystem have been established in and around Maisan and at the same time, diverse cultural and historical resources related to Maisan's unique petrological features, were also established. Therefore, Maisan and surrounding area can be regarded as a place where a geotourism can be successfully established by combining the ecological, cultural and historical resources with a geological heritage. Therefore Maisan and surrounding areas have a high possibility to be a National Geopark and UNESCO Global Geopark.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.645-655
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• 2006

Apsan, as part of the main ecosystem of Daegu city, plays an important role for maintaining the environmental sustainability of the large city. Especially varieties of valuable resources, which are cultural, historical, biological, geomorphological and geological, are distributed around Apsan. Therefore the positive preservation plan is required. This paper aims to examine the environmental characteristics of Apsan and then suggests the following ideas for the environmental preservation and sustainable use of Apsan. 1) 'The New Map of Apsan' that includes more exact information needs to be produced. 2) The Apsan ecosystem management plan should be made under the precision natural ecology investigation. 3) For the protection of inanimate object resources, such as geographical feature and geology, the Geotourism Department needs to be established within Daegu metropolitan office of education or the tourism division of Daegu city government. 4) An effective environmental-impact-assessment system should be officially established. 5) the positive administrative and financial support system led by local NGOs is required for the Apsan environmental protection activities and education. 6) It is necessary to bring out into the open prayer sites to prevent forest fire. 7) 'The nature rest year system' enforcement is required to restore the damaged ecological space of Apsan.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2021

Over the past decade, the number of national geoparks has rapidly increased, and 13 areas are currently designated as geoparks. After Jeju Island (2010), Cheongsong (2017), Mudeungsan (2018), and Hantangang River (2020) National Geoparks were listed as UNESCO Global Geoparks. Despite the continuous increase in the number of national geoparks and UNESCO global geoparks, the public interest in geoparks and the effect of regional economic development by geoparks are not yet very significant. Some geopark management organizations have developed geopark characters to appeal to the public through intimacy and friendliness, utilizing parks for education and tourism. However, the characters are not being utilized properly due to a lack of plannings, expertise, storytelling, and management. For geopark characters, which have been neglected since development, to perform their original roles, content production based on appropriate budget compilation and analysis of consumption trends in the character market is necessary. Instead of merely using geopark characters, geopark characters should be loved by the public, as well as local residents.