• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.833-847
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• 2010

In the past decade, there have been many advances in whole-genome sequencing in domestic animals, as well as the development of "next-generation" sequencing technologies and high-throughput genotyping platforms. Consequently, these advances have led to the creation of the high-density SNP array as a state-of-the-art tool for genetics and genomics analyses of domestic animals. The emergence and utilization of SNP arrays will have significant impacts not only on the scale, speed, and expense of SNP genotyping, but also on theoretical and applied studies of quantitative genetics, population genetics and molecular evolution. The most promising applications in agriculture could be genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection for the improvement of economically important traits. However, some challenges still face these applications, such as incorporating linkage disequilibrium (LD) information from HapMap projects, data storage, and especially appropriate statistical analyses on the high-dimensional, structured genomics data. More efforts are still needed to make better use of the high-density SNP arrays in both academic studies and industrial applications.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.854-866
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• 2016

The production cost of biodiesel from microalgae is still not competitive, compared with that of petroleum fuels. The genetic improvement of microalgal strains to increase triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation is one way to reduce production costs. One of the most promising approaches is the isolation of starch-deficient mutants, which have been reported to successfully increase TAG yields. To date, such a stable mutant is not available in an oleaginous marine microalga, despite several advantages of using marine species for biodiesel production. Algae in the genus Dunaliella are known to tolerate high salt concentration and other environmental stresses. In addition, the cultivation processes for large-scale outdoor commercialization have been well established for this genus. In this study, Dunaliella tertiolecta was used to screen for starch-deficient mutants, using an iodine vapor-staining method. Four out of 20,016 UV-mutagenized strains showed a substantial reduction of starch content. A significantly higher TAG content, up to 3-fold of the wild-type level, was observed in three of the mutants upon induction by nitrogen depletion. The carotenoid production and growth characteristics of these mutants, under both normal and oxidative stress conditions, were not compromised, suggesting that these processes are not necessarily affected by starch deficiency. The results from this work open up new possibilities for exploring Dunaliella for biodiesel production.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.218-223
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• 2013

The rapid advances in genetic knowledge and technology raise various, sometimes unprecedented, ethical dilemmas in the scientific community as well as the public realm. To deal with these dilemmas, the international community has prepared and issued ethical standards in various formats. In this review, seven international standards regarding genetics and genomics will be briefly introduced in chronological order. Critical reflections on them will not be provided in this review, and naturally, they have their own problems and shortcomings. However, a common set of the principles expressed in them will be highlighted here, because they are still relevant, and many of them will be more relevant in the future. Some of the interesting contents will be selected and described. After that, the morality of one recent event related to whole-genome sequencing and person-identifiable genetic data will be explored based on those international standards.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 2020

Since the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and Association of Molecular Pathology published their guidelines in 2015, most interpretations of genetic tests have followed them. However, all variants have only limited evidence along 28 interpretation standards, especially de novo variants. When de novo variants, which are classified as variants of uncertain significance (VUS) due to lack of evidence, are detected, segregation in the affected family could provide an important key to clarifying the variants. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most common inherited kidney disorder with pathogenic variants in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes. We detected a novel in-frame deletion variant in the PKD1 gene, c.7575_7577del (p.(Cys2526del)), which was interpreted as a VUS. We analyzed this variant in a Korean family to decide for segregation. Here, we report the variant as a likely pathogenic variant based on the evidence of segregation in three affected relatives and two unaffected members.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.6 no.2 s.12
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• pp.131-183
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• 2006

The Korean genetics and genomics reveal a firm willingness to participate in and contribute to the production of creative scientific knowledge at a world level at present, though they have short past histories of introduction from the Western counterparts and those of education for the next generations. But the Korean genetics and genomics have been developed in a fragmented and biased manner. By reconfiguring the various research projects of genomics into the Genome Project of Korea, which reflect a worldly trend in life science, but have been established in a scattered fashion in Korea, and incorporating some neglected areas of genetics, such as human genetics and theoretical and population genetics which can be reconstructed in a new way, a genetics-genomics research system can be formulated on the multi-tiered perspective of concept, knowledge, and institution, while the system being a subsystem of the national research system of life science in Korea. Innovation can be pursued in the systematic practice through a culturalist strategy. The culturalist strategy with the practice based on the research system consists of 1) intensification of fundamentalness of genetics and genomics, 2) advancement of communitarianism in geneticist-genomicist community, 3) research on the cultural bio-species along with the promotion of scientific arts and culture, and 4)formation of the Korean science studies of genetics-genomics and the diffusion of the knowledge produced. The first two strategy components are the ones that intends to bring out changes in the structural aspect of the scientist community in Korea. The third is the one that attempts to magnify the interface between the scientist community and the Korean society at large and increase its connectivity between both, while the fourth is the one that has an intentionality toward the Korean society outside of the scientist community. This culturalist strategy is intended to increase the cultural constructivity of the genetics-genomics research system in Korea.

• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.315-323
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• 2009

In order to elucidate ultimate biological function of the genome, the model animal system carrying mutations is indispensable. Recently, large-scale mutagenesis projects have been launched in various species. Especially, the mouse is considered to be an ideal model to human because it is a mammalian species accompanied with well-established genetic as well as embryonic technologies. In 1990', large-scale mouse mutagenesis projects firstly initiated with a potent chemical mutagen, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) by the phenotype-driven approach or forward genetics. The knockout mouse mutagenesis projects with trapping/conditional mutagenesis have then followed as Phase II since 2006 by the gene-driven approach or reverse genetics. Recently, the next-generation gene targeting system has also become available to the research community, which allows us to establish and analyze mutant mice carrying an allelic series of base substitutions in target genes as another reverse genetics. Overall trends in the large-scale mouse mutagenesis will be reviewed in this article particularly focusing on the new advancement of the next-generation gene targeting system. The drastic expansion of the mutant mouse resources altogether will enhance the systematic understanding of the life. The construction of the mutant mouse resources developed by the forward and reverse genetic mutagenesis is just the beginning of the annotation of mammalian genome. They provide basic infrastructure to understand the molecular mechanism of the gene and genome and will contribute to not only basic researches but also applied sciences such as human disease modelling, genomic medicine and personalized medicine.

• KOGO NEWS
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.20-21
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.30-32
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• 2005

• The Korea Genome Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.30-30
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.29-41
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• 2002

While the sequencing of several genomes was underway, several advanced techniques in genetics, molecular biology and protein chemistry emerged. Within the nutritional sciences, while the focus on nutrition education, epidemiology and public health aspects remains essential; it is crucial to incorporate the new advances in gene and protein discovery in nutritional studies. Nutrition is a discipline that has always integrated social, biochemical and physiological sciences from the studies at the molecule level to studies at the population level. For this reason, nutritionists are in a prime position to readily incorporate the current genomics approaches in nutrition research, All the available analytical techniques can and should be used in modern nutritional sciences. These include genetics, genomics, proteomics and metabolomics which also require integration and use of bioinformatics and computational methods for data analysis and management. These applications will be briefly reviewed with a primary focus on what the genomics and genetics approaches offer to nutritionists. We will use one of our research focus areas to illustrate uses of some of these applications in obesity-hypertension research. Our central hypothesis is that adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that plays a major role in obesity and related hypertension. We are primarily studying the renin angiotensin system (RAS). We provide evidence from our own studies and others for the paracrine as well as endocrine role of adipocyte-derived angiotensin II in adipocyte gene expression, adiposity and blood pressure regulation. Both cell culture studies as well as knockout and transgenic mice models are used to test our hypothesis. Genomics and proteomics technologies are currently developed to complement our physiological and molecular studies on the RAS and for a fine analysis of this system and its function in health and disease.