• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Glucosinolates are one of the important plant secondary metabolites that are produced mainly in Brassicaceae plants. The compounds are primarily involved in defense responses to biotic and abiotic resistance in plants and play important biological roles during plant growth and development. In this study, the glucosinolate profiles in leaves of two different Brassica oleracea populations were compared using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The nine major glucosinolates compounds in cabbage leaves were identified as belonging to the aliphatic and indolic groups. Among them, sinigrin, which belongs to the aliphatic group, was recorded to be 41% whereas glucobrassicin and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, which belong to the indolic group, were recorded to be 53.8%. In addition, we performed a genetic analysis to identify regions of the genome regulating glucosinolates biosynthesis in the $F_3$ population of Brassica oleracea. A total of 9 glucosinolates were used for the quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. Out of 9, a total of 3 QTLs were identified and they were associated with sinigrin, glucobrassicin, and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin synthesis located in Chromosome 1 and Chromosome 8, respectively. The results of this study will provide valuable information for the breeding of cabbage containing high glucosinolate content, and our next target is to develop component-specific and tightly linked markers for various glucosinolates.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2008

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional proteins encoded by a large gene family divided into Phi, Tau, Theta, Zeta, Lambda and DHAR classes on the basis of sequence identity. The Phi(F) and Tau(U) classes are plant-specific and ubiquitous. Their roles have been defined as herbicide detoxification and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Fifty-two members of the GST super-family were identified in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, 13 members of which belong to the Phi class of GSTs (AtGSTFs). Based on the sequence similarities of AtGSTFs, 11 BAC clones were identified from Brassica rapa. Seven unique sequences of ORFs designated the Phi class candidates of GST derived from B. rapa (BrGSTFs) were detected from these 11 BAC clones by blast search and sequence alignment. Some of BrGSTFs were present in the same BAC clones indicating that BrGSTFs could also be clustered as usual in plant. They were mapped on B. rapa linkage group 2, 3, 9 and 10 and their nucleotide and amino acid sequences were highly similar to those of AtGSTFs. In addition, in silico analysis of BrGSTFs using Korea Brassica Genome Project 24K oligochip and microarray database for cold, salt and drought stresses revealed 15 unigenes to be highly similar to AtGSTFs and six of these were identical to one of BrGSTFs identified in the BAC clones indicating their expression. The sequences of BrGSTFs and unigenes identified in this study will facilitate further studies to apply GST genes to medical and agriculture purposes.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to analyzed pattern of proteins expression abnormally in cloned bovine placenta. TIMP-2 protein whose function is related to extracellular matrix degradation and tissue remodeling processes was one of differentially up-regulated proteins in SCNT placenta. And one of down-regulated protein in SCNT placenta was identified as vimentin protein that is presumed to stabilize the architecture of the cytoplasm. The expression patterns of these proteins were validated by Western blotting. To evaluate how regulatory loci. of TIMP-2 and vimentin genes was programmed reprogramming in cloned placenta. the status of DNA methylation in the promoter region of TIMP-2 and vimentin genes was analyzed by sodium Bisulfite mapping. The DNA methylation results showed that there was not difference in methylation pattern of TIMP-2 and vimentin loci between cloned and normal placenta. Histone H3 acetylation state of the nucleosome was analyzed in the cloned placental and normal placenta by Western blotting. A small portion of the protein lysates were subjected to Western blotting with the antibodies against anti acetyl-Histone H3. Overall histone H3 acetylation state of SCNT placenta was significantly higher than those of normal placenta cells. It is postulated that cloned placenta at the end of gestation seems to be unusual in function and morphology of placenta via improper expression of TIMP-2 and vimentin by abnormal acetylation states of cloned genome.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 1996

DNA를 인식하여 절단하는 제한효소의 발견은 유전자를 연구, 조작할 수 있게 되어 분자생물학 연구에 큰 발전을 가져 왔다. 제한효소의 인식자리는 반 응용액의 산도, 유기용애의 소수성에 따라서 달라질 수 있다. 제한 효소 BamHI의 특이성 변화는 유기용 매의 소수성CLogP)과 산도에 직접적인 관계가 있다. 제한효소 BamHI의 인식자리의 특이성 변화는 산도 7.5에셔 LogP값이 -1.3~-1.35, 8.0에서 -1. 0 03~-2.5, 8.5에서 0.75~-2.5, 8.9에서 -0.32 ~­2 2.5 벙위에셔 각각 나타난다. 통일한 유기용매 혼합 물에서 산도가 알카리 일수록 낮은 유기용매 놓도에 서 특이성의 변화가 나타난다. DMSO용액에서 Bam H HI의 특이성 변화는 산도가 7.5일때 20% 농도에서 나타나지만 산도가 8.9일때는 4%에서 나타난다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.392-402
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• 1997

듀럼밀(Triticum durum var. hordeiforme 2n=28 AABB)에서 trisomics(2n=28＋1)을 육성하여 외부형태적 형질에 발현되는 양적효과를 조사하였다. Trisomics은 각각의 잉여염색체에 존재하는 유전자의 상호작용에 의해서 외부형태적 형질에 정상식물과 명백히 상이한 양적효과를 나타내었다. 그러나 A및 B의 양 genome에 속하는 동조염색체간에는 서로 유사한 특성을 나타내어 상호 구별짓기가 매우 어려웠다. 이와 같은 현상으로 부터 몇몇의 외부형질에 관여하는 주동유전자의 염색체위치는 동조염색체상에 존재하고 있음이 시사되었으며, 이들은 같은 역할을 하는 동조유전자인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 듀럼밀의 동조성 및 연관군이 동시에 해명된 것으로 보여지며, 본 trisomics은 밀속의 A및 B genome의 각각의 염색체에 관한 유전분석 및 유전자지도 작성을 위한 연구재료로서 유익할 것이다. 또한 빵밀(Triticum aesitivum AABBDD)의 선조종인 듀럼밀(T. durum AABB)과 타루호밀(T. squarrosa DD)의 진화과정 및 비교유전분석상 매우 중요한 소재로서 이용될 것이다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2012

This review summarises the biology, discovery and applications of single nucleotide polymorphisms in complex polyploid crop genomes, with a focus on the important oilseed crop $Brassica$ $napus$. $Brassica$ $napus$ is an allotetraploid species, and along with soybean and oil palm is one of the top three most important oilseed crops globally. Current efforts are well underway to $de$ $novo$ assemble the $B.$ $napus$ genome, following the release of the related $B.$ $rapa$ 'A' genome last year. The next generation of genome sequencing, SNP discovery and analysis pipelines, and the associated challenges for this work in $B.$ $napus$, will be addressed. The biological applications of SNP technology for both evolutionary and molecular geneticists as well as plant breeders and industry are far-reaching, and will be invaluable to our understanding and advancement of the $Brassica$ crop species.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2012

The development of digital media made the change of architectural paradigm from tectonic to the surface and pattern. This means the transition to the new kind of materiality and the resurrection of ornament. This study started as an aim to apply biological pattern to architectural design from the new perception of pattern. Architectural patterns in the early era appeared as ladders, steps, chains, trees, vortices. But since 21st century, we can find patterns in nature like atoms and molecular structures, fluid forms of dynamics and new geometrical pattern like fractal and first of all biological patterns like viruses and micro-organisms, Voronoi cells, DNA structure, rhizomes and various hybrids and permutations of these. Pattern became one of the most important elements and themes of contemporary architecture through the change of materiality and resurrection of ornament with the new perception of surface in architecture. One of the patterns that give new creative availability to the architectural design is biological pattern which is self-organized as an optimum form through interaction with environment. Biological patterns emerge mostly as self-replicating patterns through morphogenesis, certain geometrical patterns(in particular triangles, pentagons, hexagons and spirals). The architectural application methods of biological patterns are direct figural pattern of organism, circle pattern, polygon pattern, energy-material control pattern, differentiation pattern, parametric pattern, growth principle pattern, evolutionary ecologic pattern. These patterns can be utilized as practical architectural patterns through the use of computer programs as morphogenetic programs like L-system, MoSS program and genetic algorithm programs like Grasshoper, Generative Components with the help of computing technology like mapping and scripting.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1001-1011
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• 2011

To explore bacterial diversity for elucidating genetic variability in acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) lactonase structure, we screened 800 bacterial strains. It revealed the presence of a quorum quenching (QQ) AHL-lactonase gene (aiiA) in 42 strains. These 42 strains were identified using rrs (16S rDNA) sequencing as Bacillus strains, predominantly B. cereus. An in silico restriction endonuclease (RE) digestion of 22 AHL lactonase gene (aiiA) sequences (from NCBI database) belonging to 9 different genera, along with 42 aiiA gene sequences from different Bacillus spp. (isolated here) with 14 type II REs, revealed distinct patterns of fragments (nucleotide length and order) with four REs; AluI, DpnII, RsaI, and Tru9I. Our study reflects on the biodiversity of aiiA among Bacillus species. Bacillus sp. strain MBG11 with polymorphism (115Alanine > Valine) may confer increased stability to AHL lactonase, and can be a potential candidate for heterologous expression and mass production. Microbes with ability to produce AHL-lactonases degrade quorum sensing signals such as AHL by opening of the lactone ring. The naturally occurring diversity of QQ molecules provides opportunities to use them for preventing bacterial infections, spoilage of food, and bioremediation.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Ratooning ability is one of the major different traits from perennial to cultivated rice and annual type. We developed a set of 126 introgression lines derived from a cross between Hwayeong and W1944 (O. rufipogon) to gain an insight into the genetic factors underlying differences between common wild rice and cultivated rice. One IL, CR6 among the 126 ILs of $BC_3F_4$ showed a significant difference in rationing ability compared with Hwayeong. To further characterize the rationing ability, CR6 was selected and crossed to Hwayeong to produce three secondary populations, $BC_4F_2$, $BC_4F_3$ and $BC_5F_2$. In the Hwayeong background, the W1944 allele was associated with an increase in rationing ability. QTL analysis showed that the qRAT5 for rationing ability was linked to RM194 ($R^2$=6.6%, 19.6%, and 44.5% in the $BC_4F_2$, $BC_5F_2$, and $BC_5F_3$, respectively). The putative qRAT5 was also tightly linked to QTLs for spikelets per panicle and grain weight indicating that this region harbors a QTL cluster related to domestication. To our knowledge, this is the first report to map the major QTL for ratooning ability in rice. The SSR markers linked to qRAT5 would be useful in marker-assisted selection for breeding lines with enhanced ratooning ability.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.506-512
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 연속적인 입력을 연속적인 출력으로 매핑하는 것을 가능하게 하는 퍼지 분류자 시스템을 제안한다. 퍼지 분류자 시스템은 기계학습의 방법중 하나인 분류자 시스템을 퍼지 제어기의 개념에 적용한 것이다. 즉 분류자의 조건부는 퍼지 규칙의 전건부와 행동부는 후건부와 같은 행태가 된다. 퍼지 분류자 시스템은 입력 값을 퍼지화된 메시지로 변환하고 메시지 리스트에 저장한다. 저장된 메시지와 퍼지 분류자 리스트의 분류자들과 정합과정을 통해 룰-베이스를 구성하고, 퍼지 분류자들의 유용성을 검증하기 우해 버킷 릴레이 알고리즘을 적용한다. 또한 새로운 규칙을 생성하거나 규칙을 수정하여 시스템의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 알고리즘을 사용한다. 이러한 과정을 통해 유용한 규칙집합을 찾아내고, 시스템은 그 규칙들에 의해 출력 값을 내보낸다. 제안된 퍼지 분류자 시스템을 자율이동로봇의 충돌 회피 학습에 적용하여 그 유용성을 확인하였다.