• BMB Reports
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.192-199
• /
• 1996

A rapid and sensitive method has been developed to detect a-fetoprotein (AFP) in human serum by a two-site sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for human AFP within 1 h. To obtain the most sensitive and reliable MAbs. 12 kinds of MAbs (HPJ1 to HPJ12) as a capture antibody and 4 kinds of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated MAbs as a tracer antibody were investigated. Among these, only HPJ 10-HRP conjugated HPJ 1 (HPJ 10-HPJ $1^*$) and HPJ 11-HRP conjugated HPJ 10 (HPJ 11-HPJ $10^*$) were chosen as candidates based on the linearity of the standard curve and the sensitivity of the assay. To further characterize these two pairs. MAbs against human AFP were purified from hybridoma cells. conjugated with HRP. and then characterized to optimize the two-site sandwich ELISA The HPJ 10-HPJ $1^*$ pair showed a sensitivity of 1 ng/ml and a better reproducibility than the HPJ 11-HPJ $10^*$ pair when the human sera were incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. The results obtained for 480 randomly selected human sera showed 0~20 ng/ml of AFP values for the normal human sera. To test the utility of our kit, AFP concentrations were determined for 951 human sera (including 85 normal sera, 480 random blood sera, 213 HBsAg-positives. 50 anti-HCV antibody positives. and 47 malignant diseases) and compared with other commercially available AFP detecting kits. These results show that the present two-site sandwich ELISA method is a rapid, sensitive, and reliable procedure for detecting AFP in human serum.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.1021-1030
• /
• 2018

Objective: We evaluated the effect of various patient characteristics and time-density curve (TDC)-factors on the test bolus-affected vessel enhancement on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). We also assessed the value of generalized linear regression models (GLMs) for predicting enhancement on CCTA. Materials and Methods: We performed univariate and multivariate regression analysis to evaluate the effect of patient characteristics and to compare contrast enhancement per gram of iodine on test bolus (${\Delta}HUTEST$) and CCTA (${\Delta}HUCCTA$). We developed GLMs to predict ${\Delta}HUCCTA$. GLMs including independent variables were validated with 6-fold cross-validation using the correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: In multivariate analysis, only total body weight (TBW) and ${\Delta}HUTEST$ maintained their independent predictive value (p < 0.001). In validation analysis, the highest correlation coefficient between ${\Delta}HUCCTA$ and the prediction values was seen in the GLM (r = 0.75), followed by TDC (r = 0.69) and TBW (r = 0.62). The lowest Bland-Altman limit of agreement was observed with GLM-3 (mean difference, $-0.0{\pm}5.1$ Hounsfield units/grams of iodine [HU/gI]; 95% confidence interval [CI], -10.1, 10.1), followed by ${\Delta}HUCCTA$ ($-0.0{\pm}5.9HU/gI$; 95% CI, -11.9, 11.9) and TBW ($1.1{\pm}6.2HU/gI$; 95% CI, -11.2, 13.4). Conclusion: We demonstrated that the patient's TBW and ${\Delta}HUTEST$ significantly affected contrast enhancement on CCTA images and that the combined use of clinical information and test bolus results is useful for predicting aortic enhancement.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.743-752
• /
• 2019

Objectives: Grip strength is a measure for assessing overall muscle strength, muscle mass, and nutritional status, and is a useful tool for early examination of a person's general health. Thus, this study analyzed the association between oral health-related factors and grip strength, using the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Methods: Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) software with a complex sampling analysis of stratified and clustered variables, all with weighted values, applied for every analysis conducted. From the 6th KNHANES data, a total of 26,101 people were selected as the study population. A complex sample generalized linear model analysis was performed for participants' sociodemographic characteristics, health status, use of oral care products, and factors such as adult mastication and speaking habits. Results: Grip strength was found to be higher among men compared to women. Grip strength was the highest in the 20-39 year old group. Furthermore, grip strength was statistically significantly higher among married and employed individuals, and in the right hand (p<0.001). Grip strength was statistically significantly higher among people who perceived themselves to have good health and among those who did not have health-related problems in the past two weeks (p<0.001). It was also higher among those who used interdental brushes and electronic toothbrushes (p<0.001), but decreased with greater discomfort in mastication and speaking among adults (p<0.05). Conclusions: Grip strength was found to be associated with oral health-related factors and therefore, these could be helpful tools in evaluating both general and subjective health statuses. In general, oral care products are small in size with oral care involving the use of hands and certain precise motions and actions to remove foreign substances in the oral cavity. As shown in the findings, grip strength declines with increased age and as a result, the use of oral care products should be strongly recommended in order to promote better general health.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.897-907
• /
• 2014

The purposes of this study are to classify consumption values and to examine the effects of consumption values on appearance management behaviors. Questionnaires data was obtained through adults over 20 years old of age (N=478) in Gyeonggi-do, Daegu and Kyungpook regions. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, t-test and ANOVA were applied. The results of this study are as follows. First, consumption values are composed of three factors such as differential value, material value and practical value. Appearance management behaviors are identified such as surgery/skin care, clothing care, weight training and hair care. The weight training in appearance management behaviors is the most preferred behavior. Second, the results of regression analysis are like as follows: The effects of consumption on plastic surgery/skin care are explained by the differential value, material value and practical value(-). On weight training and hair care, the differential value and material value have positively significant effects. The differential value has significant effects on all over appearance management behaviors. Third, there are signigicant differences in consumption values and appearance management behaviors according to demographic variables. The single, females in 20s and 30s with higher monthly income and payment have higher differential value and lower practical value. The single and female in 20s and 30s were more involved in appearance management behavior.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제28권9호
• /
• pp.1335-1344
• /
• 2015

A set of prediction equations to estimate the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) of individual ingredients and diets used in the poultry feed industry was evaluated. The AMEn values of three energy ingredients (maize, sorghum and defatted maize germ meal), four protein ingredients (soybean meal, maize gluten meal 60% crude protein, integral micronized soy and roasted whole soybean) and four diets (three containing four feedstuffs, complex diets, and one containing only corn-soybean meal, basal diet) were determined using a metabolism assay with male broilers from 1 to 7, 8 to 21, 22 to 35, and 36 to 42 days old. These values were compared to the AMEn values presented in the tables of energy composition or estimated by equation predictions based on chemical composition data of feedstuffs. In general, the equation predictions more precisely estimated the AMEn of feedstuffs when compared to the tables of energy composition. The equation AMEn (dry matter [DM] basis) = 4,164.187+51.006 ether extract (% in DM basis)-197.663 ash-35.689 crude fiber (% in DM basis)-20.593 neutral detergent fiber (% in DM basis) ($R^2=0.75$) was the most applicable for the prediction of the energy values of feedstuffs and diets used in the poultry feed industry.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.789-792
• /
• 2004

웹 마이닝, 바이오정보학, 통계적 자료 분석 등 여러 분야에서 매우 다양한 형태의 결측치가 발생하여 학습 데이터를 희소하게 만든다. 결측치는 주로 전처리 과정에서 가장 기본적인 평균과 최빈수뿐만 아니라 조건부 평균, 나무 모형, 그리고 마코프체인 몬테칼로 기법과 같은 결측치 대체 기법들을 적용하여 추정된 값에 의해 대체된다. 그런데 주어진 데이터의 결측치 비율이 크게 되면 기존의 결측치 대체 방법들의 예측의 정확도는 낮아지는 특성을 보인다. 또한 데이터의 결측치 비율이 증가할수록 사용 가능한 결측치 대체 방법들의 수는 제한된다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 통계적 학습 이론 중에서 Vapnik의 Support Vector Regression을 데이터 전처리 과정에 알맞게 변형하여 적용하였다. 제안 방법을 이용하여 결측치 비율이 큰 희소 데이터의 전처리도 가능할 수 있도록 하였다 UCI machine learning repository로부터 얻어진 데이터를 이용하여 제안 방법의 성능을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2017

Recently, there has been an increasing need for the sharing of microdata containing information regarding an individual entity. As microdata usually contains sensitive information on an individual, releasing it directly for public use may violate existing privacy requirements. Thus, to avoid the privacy problems that occur through the release of microdata for public use, extensive studies have been conducted in the area of privacy-preserving data publishing (PPDP). The k-anonymity algorithm, which is the most popular method, guarantees that, for each record, there are at least k-1 other records included in the released data that have the same values for a set of quasi-identifier attributes. Given an original table, the corresponding k-anonymous table is obtained by generalizing each record in the table into an indistinguishable group, called the equivalent class, by replacing the specific values of the quasi-identifier attributes with more general values. However, query processing over the anonymized data is a very challenging task, due to generalized attribute values. In particular, the problem becomes more challenging with an equi-join query (which is the most common type of query in data analysis tasks) over k-anonymous tables, since with the generalized attribute values, it is hard to determine whether two records can be joinable. Thus, to address this challenge, in this paper, we develop a novel scheme that is able to effectively perform an equi-join between k-anonymous tables. The experiment results show that, through the proposed method, significant gains in accuracy over using a naive scheme can be achieved.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.1632-1648
• /
• 2005

The effects of Reynolds number on the non-nulling calibration of a typical cone-type five-hole probe have been investigated for the representative Reynolds numbers in turbomachinery. The pitch and yaw angles are changed from - 35 degrees to 35 degrees with an angle interval of 5 degrees at six probe Reynolds numbers in range between $6.60{\times}10^3\;and\;3.17{\times}10^4$. The result shows that not only each calibration coefficient itself but also its Reynolds number dependency is affected significantly by the pitch and yaw angles. The Reynolds-number effects on the pitch- and yaw-angle coefficients are noticeable when the absolute values of the pitch and yaw angles are smaller than 20 degrees. The static-pressure coefficient is sensitive to the Reynolds number nearly all over the pitch- and yaw-angle range. The Reynolds-number effect on the total-pressure coefficient is found remarkable when the absolute values of the pitch and yaw angles are larger than 20 degrees. Through a typical non-nulling reduction procedure, actual reduced values of the pitch and yaw angles, static and total pressures, and velocity magnitude at each Reynolds number are obtained by employing the calibration coefficients at the highest Reynolds number ($Re=3.17{\times}10^4$) as input reference calibration data. As a result, it is found that each reduced value has its own unique trend depending on the pitch and yaw angles. Its general tendency is related closely to the variation of the corresponding calibration coefficient with the Reynolds number. Among the reduced values, the reduced total pressure suffers the most considerable deviation from the measured one and its dependency upon the pitch and yaw angles is most noticeable. In this study, the root-mean-square data as well as the upper and lower bounds of the reduced values are reported as a function of the Reynolds number. These data would be very useful in the estimation of the Reynolds-number effects on the non-nulling calibration.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제12권11호
• /
• pp.492-501
• /
• 2012

최근 자연성지에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. 자연성지란 특정 민족이나 공동체에게 특별한 영적 중요성을 갖는 육상 또는 해상의 구역으로서 정의된다. 본 연구는 최근 이슈화되고 있는 자연성지에 대한 개념과 가치, 관리원칙에 대하여 이론적으로 고찰하였다. 또한, 자연성지의 가치를 적용 가능한 국내 천연기념물 식물의 현황을 분석하고 그 특성을 살펴보았다. 분석결과 국내 천연기념물 식물 중 63건이 이에 해당되었으며, 생물다양성, 문화성, 경관 및 미적 가치와 함께 관광자원으로써의 가치를 지니고 있었다. 이는 자연성지의 가치와 일치하는 것이었으며, 향후 우리나라 자연성지 등재 작업에 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다. 본 논문은 국제적으로 중요성이 대두되고 있는 자연성지를 국내 천연기념물 식물 측면에서 재조명함으로써 어떻게 관리하고 보전해야 하는지 보여주었다는데 의의를 지니며, 향후 보다 구체적이고 실증적인 추가 연구가 필요하다.

• 대한조선학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 1980

For vibration analysis of stiffened plates the orthotropic plate analogy is commonly accepted. As to stiffened plates in contact with water, however, there is still much uncertainty in estimation of the added mass because of the lack of direct methods. The authors, considering that for added mass of plates there are many reliable data derived theoretically or experimentally available, suggest a method to estimate the added mass of a stiffened plate by combining the mass increase factor, $\beta$, of an equivalent orthotropic plate and the correction factor, $\kappa$, for the effects of stiffeners. The latter is to be derived from systematic experimental investigations. Then, the natural frequency in water, f', can be calculated from that in air, f, by the equation $f'=f/\sqrt{1+\kappa\beta}$. To investigate practical applicability of this method, a systematic experiment was carried out with five uniaxially stiffened plates. Each of them had a plate of same size, $600mm{\times}600mm{\times}3.2mm$, but stiffeners of different size in the web-depth, 41.6mm, 51.2mm or 66.8mm and of different spacing 75mm, 100mm, or 150mm. Natural frequencies were measured under simply supported-edge conditions in both air and water, and corresponding $\kappa$ values derived. In spite of wide variations of web-depth and spcae of stiffeners, the experimental results show that the diversity of $\kappa$ values is not remarkable; mean values of $\kappa$ are 1.31 with standard deviation of 0.025 for the first modes and 1.27 with that 0.077 for the second modes. Hence, the authors concluded that the above $\kappa$ values can be used generally for the cases of uniaxially stiffened plates both sides of which contact with water, and that $\kappa$ values of general use for the cases of cross-stiffened plates may also be obtainable from similar experiments.