• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.45-87
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• 2014

This study traces the possibility of political change in the Malaysian electoral history, especially by focusing on the 13th general election held in May 2013. The results of the 13th general election was another turning point in the history of Malaysia's electoral politics. Following after the 12th general election held in 2008, opposition coalition(PR) achieves a remarkable electoral result by obtaining over 50% of the total votes. Opposition parties also successfully collapsed the ruling coalition(BN)'s two-third majority in parliamentary. It was de-facto defeat of the ruling coalition and victory of the opposition coalition. More precisely, the 2013 election results show that the reformasi movement, which was active in 1998-99 period, are still alive and its impact on Malaysian electoral politics get stronger. Malaysia has long been considered as a typical electoral authoritarian regime since its independence in 1957. It is because that there has been negative relations between electoral politics and political change through out its electoral history. As shown in the most recent two general elections held in 2008 and 2013, however, Malaysia's hegemonic political system can be possibly changed through electoral politics. This article examines the detailed results of the series of post-reformarsi general elections(1999, 2004, 2008, 2013) and its political implications towards the nexus of electoral politics and political change under the electoral authoritarian regime in Malaysia.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.73-89
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• 2014

Everyone has a voice and can broadcast it to the world. We hear about the old maxim of media do not tell people what to think but what to think about. Under this theory or approach, a key function of political communication is to make the public think about an issue in a way that is favorable to the sender of the message. In a democracy, political communication is seen as crucial for the building of a society where the state and its people feel they are connected. Thus, this is a study on how social media (e.g., Facebook, blogs, and YouTube) were used in the domain of Malaysian politics during the 13th general election campaigning period in order to set the agenda to form public opinion. The study found that Facebook was the most popular social media tool that political parties actively engaged with during the 13th general election campaign period. Apart from that, issues pertaining to the election were significantly highlighted by the political parties in social media, especially Facebook. However, other issues that were also important to the people such as the economy, crime, and education were not sufficiently highlighted during the election campaign period. This indicates that the political parties influence the public on what to think about using social media.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.15-34
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• 2000

Since the results of the election forecasting survey that was executed jointly by T.V. stations and survey research companies in the 16th Korea General Election(April 13, 2000) had many errors, the reliability of the election forecasting survey was greatly damaged. Therefore, in order to recover the reliability and to increase the accuracy of the election forecasting survey I the future, we figure out the sources of the survey\\`s errors and suggest methods of reducing them through deeply analyzing the forecasting data from many angles. In addition, we discuss some problems and an improvable direction on exit poll executed for the first time.

• Survey Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.15-34
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• 2000

Since the results of the election forcasting survey that was executed jointly by T.V. stations and survey research companies in the 16th Korea General Election(April 13, 2000) had many errors, the reliability of the election forecating survey was greatly damaged. Therefore, in order to recover the reliability and to increase the accuracy of the election forecasting survey in the future, we figure out the sources of the survey's errors and suggest methods of reducing them through deeply analyzing the forecasting data from many angles. In addition, we discuss some problems and an improvable direction on exit poll executed for the first time.

• Survey Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.57-72
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• 2009

In Korea, telephone surveys have been used in election forecasting since 1992. In some elections, predictions were excellent, but in some elections, the predictions based on telephone surveys were not good. So, exit polls have been used along with the telephone surveys in predicting election outcomes since 2001 by the major broadcasting networks. Though telephone surveys, in general, have been less accurate than exit polls in election forecasting from 2000 to 2003, they were more accurate in the 2004 General Election than the exit polls. All predictions on the winners by the telephone surveys turned out to be accurate. But such success has not persisted. In the 2008 General Election, the telephone surveys was less accurate than the exit polls and actually its accuracy fell clown to the level of the 2000 General Election. This paper tried to find out. the factors responsible for the fluctuation of the accuracy of telephone polls.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.65-73
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• 2013

Outcome of election depends on which candidate of politics uses more original and creative idea for Ads and PR of election in election campaign strategy of political campaign. Especially, since political Ads and PR are the ways of capturing voters' sensitivities with one line of copy(slogan) and one image, Ads and PR are very important. This research analyzes unique and creative trend of political campaigns which are used in each unit election which is held four times(2010. 6 2 local election, 2011. 10 26 by-election, 2012. 4 11 general election, 2012. 12 19 presidential election) during 2010~2012. For analysis, search analysis of text and image used in video, internet, booklet type of Ads and PR material for election, and election campaign. Video is used in election campaign during election period. Unique and creative political campaign is customized micro-marketing election strategy trend which tries to fit for tendency of backing including gender, age group, social atmosphere, etc. This research excludes the degree of success of this election strategy from subject of analysis.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.201-238
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• 2012

This study analyses the nexus between political change and development of parliamentary politics in Malaysia. The continued and stable parliamentary politics did not necessarily associated with political development in Malaysia for the last five decades. Except the 1969 general election, the ruling coalition, Barisan Nasional(BN), has never been failed to obtain the two-third majority of parliamentary seats even though there has been regular general elections in every 4-5 years without any interruption. It is, however, worth noting that there has been dramatic political changes since the late 1990s. In particular, the 2008 general election showed the remarkable results, collapsing the two-third majority of BN's parliamentary seats. The opposition parties even took over the 5 state governments out of 12 in total. The more distinguished feature was the emergence of opposition coalition, called Pakatan Rakyak(PR), right after the 2008 general election. It was the first united coalition in Malaysia's modern political history among the severely divided opposition parties. Since its emergence, the PR has initiated various changes leading towards a more active parliamentary politics. In this regards, this study argues that parliamentary politics is no more regarded as a dependent variable in Malaysia's political process.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.22-33
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• 2014

This study is to diagnose the present superintendent election and education standing committee system for improvement based upon Constitutional values of local education system. The findings are the followings. To improve the election system of superintendent it is recommended to maintain present election system rather than change it drastically since the present system ensure relatively more autonomy, expertise, and political neutrality of local education system. However, the qualification such as years of educational experiences of superintendent candidates need to be restored. Regarding education standing committee it suggest that all or at least 2/3 members need to be educational representatives rather than general representatives. For superintendent as well as education standing committee election, it needs to elaborate the vote ballet such as change of candidates name order by voting place to reduce its effects to election results. It also needs to strengthen public management of election such as expenses and TV forums among candidates.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.1.2-35
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• 2001

On the election day of the 16th Korea national Assembly, nationwide TV stations such as KBS, SBS and MBC broadcasted election forecasting based on telephone surveys and exit polls. The result turned out to be significantly wrong, undermining general audience's confidence on the 'ientific'surveys. The purpose of this study consists of the followings. I) What form of telephone surveys and exit polls were adopted by survey institutions in real field\ulcorner ii) What were the problems\ulcorner iii) What can we do to make it straight\ulcorner Major findings of the study include the ignorance of call-back rules in telephone survey and the inadequate number of sampled election posts to make satisfactory forecasting. It is pointed out that it is necessary to amend election laws related to election opinion polls to make a substantial progress.

• Survey Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-35
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• 2001

On the election day of the 16th Korea National Assembly. nationwide TV stations such as KBS. SBS and MBC broadcasted election forecasting based on telephone surveys and exit polls. The result turned out to be significantly wrong. undermining general audience's confidence on the “scientific” surveys. The purpose of this study consists of the followings. i) What form of telephone surveys and exit polls were adopted by survey institutions in real field\ulcorner ii) What were the problems\ulcorner iii) What can we do to make it straight\ulcorner Major findings of the study include the ignorance of call-back rules in telephone survey and the inadequate number of sampled election posts to make satisfactory forecasting. It is pointed out that it is necessary to amend election laws related to election opinion polls to make a substantial progress.