• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1150-1156
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• 2004

The GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) labeling system on raw materials has been in Korea since March 2001, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs)-derived foods since July 2001. Therefore, we designed a multiplex PCR method to ascertain the validity of the labeling system and to monitor the status of circulation for genetically modified maize (GM Maize). Five lines of GM Maize (GA21, TC1507, Mon810, NK603, and Bt176) were used, and specific primer pairs were designed to detect each line. Using this method, the different lines of GM Maize were monitored from raw products and processed foods in Korean market. Some of the maize processed foods and raw materials were shown to contain more than one foreign gene. This method was found to be effective for-detecting five different GM Maize in a single reaction.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.690-695
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• 2014

Bacterial 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxlyate (ACC) deaminase (AcdS) is an enzyme that cleaves ACC, a precursor of the plant hormone ethylene, into ${\alpha}$-ketobutyrate and ammonia. The acdS gene was cloned from Pseudomonas fluorescens, which was capable of improving the seedling of Chinese cabbage under salinity condition. The recombinant AcdS (rAcdS) exhibited optimal activity at pH 8.5 and $30^{\circ}C$. Strong activity was sustained at up to 100 mM NaCl. The polyclonal anti-P. fluorescens AcdS antibody was produced in a rabbit that had been immunized with the purified rAcdS. This antibody successfully recognized the homologous antigens derived from the total proteins of isolated plant growth-promoting microorganisms. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the intensity of hybridization signal and AcdS activity measured by a biochemical method, suggesting its application as a useful indicator for active deaminases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1002-1010
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• 2001

The D-xylose operon in Escherichia coli is known to be regulated by a transcriptional activator protein, XyIR, which is responsible for the expression of both xylAB and xylFGH gene clusters. The XyIR was purified to homogeneity by using the maltose binding protein fusion expression and purification systems involving two chromatography steps. The purified XyIR protein was composed of two subunits of 45 kDa, which was determined by both sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration. The purified XyIR was specifically bounded to the xylA promoter, regardless of adding xylose to the reaction mixture, but binding of XylR was specifically bounded to the xylA promoter, regardless of adding xylose to the reaction mixture, but binding of XylR to the xylA promoter was enhanced by adding xylose. The enhanced binding ability of XyIR in the presence of xylose was not diminished by adding glucose. The presumed XyIR binding site is located between 120 bp to 100 bp upstream the xylA initiation codon.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.507-513
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• 1992

Serratia marecescens RH1 isolated from soil samples produced large amount of extracellular proteases. One of the genes encoding an extracellular protease form S. marcescens RH1 was cloned in Escherichia coli by shot gun cloning method. The cloned protease, SSP, was stably expressed by its own promoter and excreted into the extracellular medium from E. coli host (ORF) of 3.135 nucleotides corresponding to 1.045 amino acids (112 kDa). The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of SSP showed high overall homology (88%) to one of the S. marcescens protease (27), but low homology to other serine protease families. The optimal pH and temperature of the enzyme were pH 9.0 and 45.deg.C respectively. The activity of protease was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), which suggests that the enzyme is a serine protease.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1283-1286
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• 2005

Multimodal optimization is one of the most interesting topics in evolutionary computational discipline. Simple genetic algorithm, a basic and good-performance genetic algorithm, shows bad performance on multimodal problems, taking long generation time to obtain the optimum, converging on the local extrema in early generation. In this paper, we propose a new genetic algorithm with two new genetic mutational operators, i.e. global and local mutation operators, and no genetic crossover. The proposed algorithm is similar to Simple GA and the two genetic operators are as simple as the conventional mutation. They just mutate the genes from left or right end of a chromosome till the randomly selected gene is replaced. In fact, two operators are identical with each other except for the direction where they are applied. Their roles of shaking the population (global searching) and fine tuning (local searching) make the diversity of the individuals being maintained through the entire generation. The proposed algorithm is, therefore, robust and powerful.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.39-49
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• 2004

When there is a lack of detailed kinetic information, dFBA(dynamic flux balance analysis) has correctly predicted cellular behavior under given environmental conditions with FBA and different ial equations. However, until now, dFBA has centered on substrate concentration, cell growth, and gene on/off, but a detailed hierarchical structure of a regulatory network has not been taken into account. For this reason, the dFBA has limited the represen tation of interactions between specific regulatory proteins and genes and the whole transcriptional regulation mechanism with environmental change. Moreover, to calculate optimal metabolic flux distribution which maximizes the growth flux and predict the b ehavior of cell system, linear programming package(LINDO) and spreadsheet package(EXCEL) have been used simultaneously. thses two software package have limited in the visual representation of simulation results and it can be difficult for a user to look at the effects of changing inputs to the models. Here, we descirbes the construction of hierarchical regulatory network with defined symbolsand the development of an integrated system that can predict the total control mechanism of regulatory elements (opero ns, genes, effectors, etc.), substrate concentration, growth rate, and optimal flux distribution with time. All programming procedures were accoplished in a visual programming environment (LabVIEW).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.293-300
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• 2012

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are important inflammatory mediators implicated in pathogenesis of inflammation and certain types of human cancers. The present study was designed to determine whether Red Ginseng (RG) could modulate $I{\kappa}B$-kinase, iNOS and COX-2 gene expression and immune responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RG extract suppressed the expression of LPS-induced $I{\kappa}B$, iNOS, COX-2, and immune responses in a dose-dependent manner. It also showed an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-${\kappa}B$ immune response induced by LPS treatment. Inhibitory effect of RG on LPS-induced inflammation was mediated by suppressed phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 through the regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway leading to a decreased production of NO, iNOS, COX-2 and NF-${\kappa}B$. The results implied the role of RG as an inflammation regulator and its possible application for curing inflammatory diseases.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.2 s.33
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• pp.132-141
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to consider the definition, history, classification and clinical effect of balneotherapy. Methods : We researched oriental documents and recent sources of balneotherapy. Results and Conclusions : 1. Balneotherapy is medical cure method which uses physical chemistry effects of water. 2. Records of balneotherapy are seen in oriental documents such as Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經), Sinnongbonchogyeong(神農本草經), Jaebyoungwonhuron(諸病源候論), Youmoonsachin(儒門事親), Bonchogangmok(本草綱目) and Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑) etc. 3. Spa can classify eleven types according to ingredient. The types were as following. Simple thermal spirng, Common salt spring, Sodium bicarbonated spring, Sulfate spring, Radioactive spring, Acid spring, Sulfur spring, Carbon dioxide spring, Iron spring, Alum spring & Sulfate-iron spring, Bicarbonatealkaline spring. 4. Physical, chemical and environmental effect of spa therapy have effectiveness on the chronic and we akness disease more than acute disease. And balneotherapy have more effectiveness on digestive disease, pulmonary disease, metabolic disease, circulatory disease, muscle skeletal disease and dermatologic disease than any other diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.sup1
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• pp.10-13
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• 2016

Chromosome 11q13 deletion syndrome has been previously reported as either otodental syndrome or oculo-oto-dental syndrome. The otodental syndrome is characterized by dental abnormalities and high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, and by ocular coloboma in some cases. The underlying genetic defect causing otodental syndrome is a hemizygous microdeletion involving the FGF3 gene on chromosome 11q13.3. Recently, a new form of severe deafness, microtia (small ear) and small teeth, without the appearance of eye abnormalities, was also reported. In this report, we describe a 1-year-old girl presenting with ptosis of the left upper eyelid, right auricular deformity, high-arched palate, delayed dentition, simian line on the right hand, microcephaly, and developmental delay. In this patient, we identified a deletion in the chromosome 11q13.2-q13.3 (2.75 Mb) region by using an array-comparative genomic hybridization analysis. The deletion in chromosome 11q13 results in a syndrome characterized by variable clinical manifestations. Some of these manifestations involve craniofacial dysmorphology and require a functional workup for hearing, ophthalmic examinations, and long-term dental care.

• Mycobiology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.355-367
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• 2019

Arthonia dokdoensis sp. nov., a lichenicolous fungus from the subcosmopolitan Arthonia molendoi complex growing on crustose thalli of species of the genus Orientophila (subfamily Xanthorioideae, Teloschistaceae), as well as the lichen species Rufoplaca toktoana sp. nov. (subfamily Caloplacoideae, Teloschistaceae) similar to Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana, both from Dokdo Islands, Republic of Korea, are described, illustrated, and compared with closely related taxa. In the phylogenetic tree of the Arthoniaceae based on 12S mtSSU and RPB2 gene sequences, the phylogenetic position of the A. dokdoensis and the relationship with the A. molendoi group are illustrated, while the position of the newly described R. toktoana is confirmed by phylogenetic tree based on ITS nrDNA data.