• 한국인구학
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2004

이 연구의 목적은 노년기 젠더관계가 노인의 심리적 복지감(Psychological well-being)에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이다. 노인부부의 젠더관계를 규명하기 위해 성역할태도와 가사노동분담을 측정하였고 노인의 심리적 복지감은 우울도와 행복감으로 측정되었다. 연구의 대상은 부산광역시에 거주하는 배우자와 동거하고 자녀와는 동거하지 않으며, 부부 모두 직업에서 은퇴한, 65세 이상의 남녀노인 476명이다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다: 1) 여성노인이 남성노인에 비해 보다 평등적인 성역할태도를 지니고 있으며, 노인부부의 가사노동 수행에 있어 성별 분절현상이 나타난다. 2) 여성노인이 남성노인에 비해 성역할태도와 가사노동분담 수준이 불일치하는 경우가 더 많았으며, 남녀 노인 모두 성역할태도와 가사노동분담 수준이 일치할수록 심리적 복지감이 높았다. 3) 남녀노인의 성역할태도는 심리적 복지감에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 4) 여성노인의 가사노동분담은 심리적 복지감에 별다른 영향을 미치지 못하고 있으며, 남성노인의 가사노동분담은 오히려 그들의 심리적 복지감을 낮게 한다.

• 여성학논집
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.139-173
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• 2012

이 글은 여성의 경제활동 참여 증가를 통해 근대적 성별분업이 도전받고 있음에도 불구하고 가족 내 성 평등이 지체되는 현실에 주목하고, 한국, 일본, 대만 등 동아시아 3개국 여성들의 성 평등의식과 현실 간의 불일치를 분석하고자 하였다. 이에 EASS 자료를 바탕으로 동아시아 여성들의 연령, 교육기간, 가구소득, 성별분업에 대한 태도, 부부 각각의 노동시간, 가족지원망이 가사분담에 미치는 영향력의 차이를 분석하고, 각 국가별 특성을 살피고자 하였다. 분석 결과 한국과 대만은 성별분업에 대한 보수적 성향에도 불구하고 남성들의 실질적 가사부담률이 높게 나타났으며, 반면 일본의 경우 여성들의 진보적 태도에도 불구하고 실제 가사부담률이 높게 나타났다. 이러한 차이는 대만, 한국과 일본 여성들의 평균 노동시간에 기인하는데, 한국과 대만 여성들의 경우 전일제 노동에 종사하는 경우가 많아 상대적으로 가사 노동시간을 줄이는데 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 대만은 가족 특성이, 한국은 여성경제활동의 성격이 가사부담률에 영향을 미치고 있었다. 3세대 동거가구의 비율이 높은 대만은 부모로부터의 돌봄 지원이 가사 부담을 줄이는데 기여하며, 한국에서는 여성의 교육기간이 길수록 가사부담률이 증가하는 경향을 보임으로써 고학력 여성의 상대적으로 낮은 경제활동 참여가 가사노동에서의 협상력 약화에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이 글에서는 가사분담에 영향을 미치는 요인으로서 개인적 요인뿐 아니라 노동시장 성격이나 구조, 가족 형태 등 제도적 요인이 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인함으로써, 향후 성별분업 연구에서 개인과 부부의 특성뿐 아니라 거시적 요인에 대한 요인 분석이 필요함을 제안하였다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.117-136
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• 2011

This study examined the effects of the division of household labor on the marital satisfaction of husbands and wives in dual-earner families. Data were collected from 193 couples in dual-earner families; the questionnaire measurements were based on recommendations from the literature review. The questionnaire consisted of inquiries concerning gender role attitudes, marital communication efficiency, division of household labor, satisfaction in the division of household labor, and marital satisfaction. Each of these categories had an individual measurement scale that enabled measurement of its impact on marital satisfaction. The major findings of this study are as follows: The couples in dual-earner families showed egalitarian gender role attitudes and high levels of marital communication efficiency. They also reported high levels of satisfaction with their division of household labor and their marital lives. Wives in dual-earner families had more egalitarian gender role attitudes compared with their husbands, and husbands perceived themselves to be investing more time in performing household chores (that is, in the division of household labor) than was perceived by their wives. Husbands were also more satisfied with the division of household labor and marital life compared to their wives. Finally, hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that satisfaction in the division of household labor and in marital communication efficiency (as perceived by the couples) significantly predicted husbands' marital satisfaction. On the other hand, wives' age, marital communication efficiency, and the differences in the division of household labor (as perceived by the couples) significantly predicted wives' marital satisfaction.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2003

The goals of this study were threefold. First, the researcher sought to describe the perceptions of wives and husbands concerning the degree of fairness in the division of household labor. Second, the determinants of wives and husbands' perception of the fairness in the division of household labor were analyzed. Third, the factors that affect wives' perception of the fairness in the division of household labor were compared with the factors that affect husbands' perception of the fairness. The data of this study were collected from a survey of 139 married couples with children of high school age or younger, residing in Seoul, Inchon, and Kyunggido. A structured questionnaire was used in the survey. Frequencies, percentiles, mean, Peason's correlations, Cronbach's alpha, t-tests, and multiple regressions were used to analyze the data. The results show that both the wives and the husbands perceived the division of household labor as unfair for the wives. Further, husbands' gender-role attitudes and household labor preference affected wives and husbands' perception. Most comparison reference variables affected significantly the wives and husbands' perception. Lastly, there was a gender difference in the significance of comparison reference variables and demographic variables. The wives mainly employed within-marriage comparisons but the husbands mostly used outside-marriage comparisons. The demographic variables affected the wives' perception, but not the husband's.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.11-22
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the theoretical understanding of the nature of domestic labor in relation to the capitalist economic system. In this study I adopted the reproduction of labor for the analytical term. Also I owed theoretical basis to the political economy to analyze the relation between domestic labor and capitalist economy. The family is a very important place which functions to maintain and change both the present and future labor what is called the reproduction of labor power. It also has a close relationship with the total society. The reproduction of labor power is divided by 'gender division of labor' which allocates the responsibility to one gender(women) and exempts it to another gender(men). In conclusion the domestic labor is the very basis of capitalist economy and it is also the preliminary condition to its system. SO we can fully understand the capitalist economy with the 'visible' labor part and the 'invisible' domestic labor part inc usively. And we can also understand the interrelationship between family and labor market which constitutes one economic system and fuctions in it.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.239-258
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• 2008

This study identifies the spectrum of different forms of sharing labor in farm houses following the increase in the production of organic produce and deals with the gender division of labor and every day life of the farm households. The increased labor burdens of organic farming give more work opportunities to wives, weakening the gender barriers. However, some of the farm households seeking for economic feasibility are strengthening the gender barriers by specialized work divisions, leading to outside order labor of harvest, sorting, and packaging in order to increase efficiency in agricultural management in extreme cases. Even in the alternative distribution system, farm households has become subject to the distribution system as it is shown that coop claimed the segmentation of sorting work. This is because the convenience of the customers goes before the advantages of producers. Jinju, seeking for economic feasibility, has established the springboard for growth by greenhouse through monoculture and specialization and are operating economic growth stably. Farm couples with this condition, where their incomes are relatively high, are attempting to recharge their energy during low seasons. It is expected that this will be a model case of conventionalization of organic farming. Significance of organic farming in this matter is discussed.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-29
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• 2017

본 연구는 젠더와 직업계층의 관점에서 한국과 일본의 불안정 노동시장을 비교분석한다. 기존의 연구들이 불안정 노동을 비정규직 등 고용형태 차원에 국한하여 분석하였다면 본 연구는 고용과 소득의 조합 관점에서 불안정 노동을 재개념화하여 분석하였다. 그리고 노동시장의 불안정성 연구에서 강조되어왔던 여성의 불안정성 뿐 아니라, 직업계층의 관점에서 한국과 일본이 불안정 노동의 특성에 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 한국 노동시장의 불안정성을 분석하기 위해 한국노동패널조사 17차(2014년)와 일본의 게이오 가계패널조사의 9차(2012년)자료를 사용하였다. 분석결과 한일 양국 모두에서 노동시장 불안정성의 여성화와 직업계층별 분할을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 서열로짓회귀분석 결과 여성일수록, 60대 이상일수록, 저숙련 서비스 노동자 또는 생산직 노동자일수록 한국과 일본 모두에서 노동시장 불안정성에 직면할 가능성이 높음을 확인하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제18권3호통권47호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2000

This study was to find out the status of labor division between rural husband and wife by measuring the labor time for tasks, the ratio of relative contribution toward work, and work segregation. Data used in this study were collected fro 424 persons of 212 farm households mainly cultivating rice and barley. The results of this study were as follows : 1) In the case of work directly related to farming, working hours of husband were significantly longer than those of wife during the farming and off-farming season. In contrast working hours of wife for housekeeping were significantly longer than those of husband during both seasons. 2) The ratio of relative contribution toward farming work of husband was a little higher than that of wife during farming and off-farming season. But this toward housekeeping work was less than that of wife. 3) The degree of gender segregation in farming was 0.33 during the farming season and 0.01 during the off-farming season. The kinds of work and time distribution were relatively same. The degree of gender segregation in housekeeping was 0.79 during the farming season and 0.72 during the off-farming season. These values showed inequality of work segregation in the kind of work and time distribution.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2011

This paper examines the relationship between economic dependence and gender differences in housework in Korea. There are three explanatory alternatives for the relationship; economic rule of exchange, gender display perspective and deviant neutralization. We analysed both 2004 and 2009 time use survey data. The findings show the significant gender differences in time spent on housework that wives spend much more time on housework than husbands. However, among couples with non-normative gender roles, in some cases the more economically powerful wives spend more time on housework than breadwinner wives with weaker economic power, although such cases are rare. Rather, it is appropriate to conclude that, the more economically independent the wives, the less time they spend on housework; this is also the case for husbands. Overall, the Korean case shows what the economic exchange theory predicts. Thus, improvements in working wives' economic power will lead to gender equity in the division of housework.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1590-1603
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• 2007

이 연구는 제3차에서 6차에 이르는 유치원교육활동지도자료 총40권에 나타난 성역할의 내용을 내용분석법으로 살펴보았다. 연구목적은 유치원 7차 교육과정의 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있었다. 연구문제는 남녀의 성별분업표현, 남녀의 직업 표현에 따른 성역할 내용의 변화에 대한 것이었다. 연구 결과 첫째, 남성은 직장생활이 강조되고 있는 반면 여성은 가사노동이 강조되었다. 둘째, 남녀의 직업은 우리 삶에서 일상적으로 인식하고 있는 직업들로 묘사되고 있었으며, 남성의 직업이 여성의 직업보다 더 다양하게 제시되었다. 셋째, 제6차의 경우는 제 3, 4, 5차에서보다는 남녀의 성을 구분하는 단서를 주지 않으려는 사례가 많았다. 또한 남녀의 차별적인 표현을 없애고, 어느 한 쪽에 치우치지 않기 위해 남녀를 평등하게 제시하는 사례가 많았다.