• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.12.1-12.7
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• 2014

This study investigated changes in gene expression by dietary fat source, i.e., beef tallow, soybean oil, olive oil, and coconut oil (each 3% in feed), in both male and female growing-finishing pigs. Real-time PCR was conducted on seven genes (insulin receptor; INSR, insulin receptor substrate; IRS, phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate; PIP3, 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1; PDK1, protein kinase B; Akt, forkhead box protein O1; FOXO1 and cGMP-inhibited 3', 5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase; PDE3) located upstream of the insulin signaling pathway in the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) of pigs. The INSR, IRS, PIP3, and PDE3 genes showed significantly differential expression in barrow pigs. Expression of the PIP3 and FOXO1 genes was significantly different among the four dietary groups in gilt pigs. In particular, the PIP3 gene showed the opposite expression pattern between barrow and gilt pigs. These results show that dietary fat source affected patterns of gene expression according to animal gender. Further, the results indicate that the type of dietary fat affects insulin signaling-related gene expression in the LM of pigs. These results can be applied to livestock production by promoting the use of discriminatory feed supplies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2014

Recently social shopping, combining e-Commerce with Social Network Service, become a brand-new eBusiness model. In this paper, we aim to identify the structural relationship of the factors affecting the intention of using social shopping. Reviewing the previous works of social shopping, internet shopping and TAM (Technology Acceptance Model), we extract factors affecting the intention of using social shopping and build a structural research model among these factors. To analyze the structural relationship among theses factors, we perform an empirical study - gathering data from a survey and analyzing gathered data using EFA (Exploratory Factor Analysis) and SEM (Structural Equation Model) to identify the structural relationship. We also analyze moderating effect of past experience of social shopping and gender. As a result, We also can find that two factors - Perceived usefulness and Expected enjoyment - are the key factors influencing acceptance of social shopping and that more segmented strategies are required to attract customers since factors affecting Intention to use are somewhat different according to past experience and gender of respondents.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.215-225
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• 2020

This study aims to understand the relationship between the practice of physical activity guideline for adolescents presented by government agencies and smartphone problem experience. To that end, the association between the practice of physical activity guideline and smartphone variables was analyzed by utilizing 62,225 data from "2017 Youth Health Behavior Survey" and multiple regression analysis was conducted using the SPSS 23.0 program. The analysis showed that all physical activity variables, except for "physical activity for more than 60 minutes," have negative effects on the smartphone problem experience. In addition, students who practice physical activity guideline presented by government agencies, such as aerobic exercise, muscular exercise, participation in sports clubs, and sedentary behavior, experienced less smartphone problem compared to those who did not practice, which showed significant differences in gender. According to the results of this study, it is thought that academic in-depth research using this guideline and differentiated physical activity promotion programs by gender will be possible in order to prevent smartphone addiction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.326-333
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• 2020

This study focused on self-effects and spouse-effects that impact marital satisfaction in sex role stereotypes, work-family conflict and work-family enrichment. 95 double-income couples participated in this study, and the paired T-Test and multiple regression analysis were conducted. The result of the study showed that sex role stereotypes, work-family conflict, and work-family enrichment are not significant differences in husband and wife, but a husbands was significantly higher than wife in marital satisfaction. In the next step, we considered variables affecting marital satisfaction, and found a significant difference between husband and wife. Work-family enrichment positively affected the husband's marital satisfaction, while the wife's satisfaction was positively affected by the husband's sex role stereotype and negatively affected by her work-family conflict. This study suggests that marriage enrichment programs, the education of husband and wife, and couple counseling should consider individual effects and spouse effects.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2017

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological distress and pain in cancer patients. Methods : 249 patients with cancer who visited National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital between April 2013 and March 2014 were evaluated with National Cancer Center Psychological Symptom Inventory(NCC-PSI) which consisted of Modified Distress Thermometer(MDT) and Modified Impact Thermometer(MIT). Each scale was divided into 3 subscales targeting separate symptoms: insomnia, anxiety, and depression. Psychological distress was defined as positive for those who scored above the cutoff values in at least one of all six subscales. The Numeric Rating Scale for Pain(NRS-Pain) was used to assess the subjective severity of pain. Logistic regression was performed to investigate the association between psychological distress and pain. Results : Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that pain, gender, compliance, and two subscale scores of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) were significantly associated with psychological distress. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pain and HADS anxiety subscale score maintained a statistically significant association with psychological distress adjusted for variables including age, gender, years of education, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, cancer stage, Charlson Comorbidity Index, compliance, and HADS depression subscale score. One point increase in pain was 1.31 times more likely to cause psychological distress. In secondary analysis, pain was significantly associated with all subscales of NCC-PSI, except MIT-anxiety subscale. Conclusions : This study suggests that NCC-PSI, a screening tool for psychological distress, reflects pain. We recommend that physicians who treat cancer patients consider the examination of psychological distress which provides comprehensive evaluation of various factors regarding quality of life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.148-160
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• 2014

This study proposed the design development of performance uniform for Korean classical music. To do this, we considered the state of the performance uniform of the Korean Classical Music Band through photographic data. The research targeted the performers in Korean Classical Music Band, and conducted a survey for the preference of type, pattern, decoration, color and fabric materials. Based on the results, we extracted the design of performance uniform, which is suitable for the environment of Korean classical music performance and meets the substantial requirements of performers. The performance uniform that the current national or public Korean classical music bands are using, has two types: Western clothing and Hanbok. The attire is influenced by the genre of the music that they are playing because one of its main functions is to deliver the music to audience effectively. In addition, there are some differences in the uniform based on the gender, but no division in the design of clothing according to music instruments. However, the result of the survey show that there was no difference in preference by gender, but there was some difference according to the division of music instruments. On this study, we reflected this result in the design, and proposed the design of an convenient outer garment for everyone to wear in the music performance band.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2038-2044
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• 2012

This study speculates on the Korea's current recreation activity via surveys on students' recognition of recreation activity. For the research, the number of 200 university students (subjects) in D metropolitan city who had attended a recreation class or program was collected as a population, among which the data of 188 subjects were used for the real analysis. The collected data were analyzed through 'Frequency Anaalysis' and 'Chi-square Test' using SPSS Ver. 12.0. First, 'gender' was not significant in the area of students' recognitional difference according to their personal data (gender, department); on the other hand, a slight difference was found in 'department'; but in general, the recreation activity was regarded as a sort of entertainment in which people gather and have fun together, and it was thought to be involved in leisure. Second, the recreational activity in students' minds was presented into school MT, orientation, athletic meeting, camping, etc. The results demonstrate that the concept of recreation in our country became considerably reduced compared to its original meaning, and a recreation leader's authority came to be also low-valued.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.6 s.72
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• pp.13-26
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personal, familial, educational, internet factor on adolescent's self-esteem according to the age and gender. The participants were 2,229 male and female students attending to middle and high schools. The results of this study were as follows: First, the self-esteem score of middle school students was higher than the score of high school students. Second, there were differences between females and males in several aspects. In order to explore and identify patterns of these differences, hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with separate groups (male middle school students, female middle school students, male high school students, and female high school students). Third, female middle school students' self esteem was affected by familial and educational factors. Male middle school students' self esteem was affected by familial factor, particularly by parental marital conflict. In the case of female high school students, self esteem was associated with economic variables (spending money and subjective economic level). Male high school students' self esteem was affected b? the level of use of the internet.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.273-281
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the general anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to determine the human anatomic variability of the nasopalatine canal in relation to age and gender. Materials and Methods: The study included 100 subjects aged between 20 and 86 years who were divided into the following 3 groups: 1) 20-34 years old; 2) 35-49 years old; 3) ${\geq}50$ years old. The subjects were equally distributed between the genders. CBCT was performed using a standard exposure and patient positioning protocol. The data of the CBCT images were sliced in three dimensions. Image planes on the three axes (X, Y, and Z) were sequentially analyzed for the location, morphology and dimensions of the nasopalatine canal by two independent observers. The correlation of age and gender with all the variables was evaluated. Results: The present study did not reveal statistically significant differences in the number of openings at the nasal fossa; diameter of the nasal fossa openings; diameter of the incisive fossa; shape, curvature, and angulation of the canal as viewed in the sagittal sections; antero-posterior dimensions and length of the canal in the sagittal sections; or the level of division of the canal in the coronal plane by age. However, males and females showed significant differences in the length of the canal in the sagittal sections and level of the division of the canal in the coronal plane. Conclusion: The present study highlighted important variability observed in the anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

Purpose: This study investigated the possible correlation between the mineralization of the second molars and the chronological age of a sample population of the state of Paraiba, Brazil. Materials and Methods: One thousand eight hundred fifty-four digitized panoramic images using a scanner of a private dental radiology service were obtained in six months. Of these, 457 were selected from patients aged 4.6 to 16 years who met certain criteria. The images were assessed twice by a radiologist with 5 years experience. A minimum interval of 30 days between the evaluations of the same patient was established. To analyze the relationship between chronological age, calcification level proposed by Demirjian et al in 1973, gender, and tooth, a multiple linear regression model was adjusted, taking age as the response variable (p<0.05). Results: The gender and calcification level were significantly correlated with the age of the patients (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the average age of the patients' upper teeth compared to the lower ones in both genders (p<0.05). The dental development occurred earlier in female individuals than in male ones, and there was no significant difference between the right and left second permanent molars. Conclusion: It was observed that ethnic variables are related to certain parameters of age and sex identification in the Brazilian population, providing important information for forensic evaluations.