• 제목/요약/키워드: future-oriented task

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초등학생들의 과학 관련 태도에 대한 문헌 연구 (A Review of the Literature on Primary Students' Science-Related Attitudes)

  • 조헌국
    • 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.436-449
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    • 2012
  • This study aimed to investigate primary students' science-related attitudes through the literature review. Ninety-four papers published in domestic science education journals, since 1990, were collected and were followed by content analysis. In this study, science-related attitude was conceptualized as attitude toward science, scientist, science-related occupations, and school science, which is composed of cognitive, affective and behavioral domains. Based on the conceptualization, the instruments used for measuring students' attitudes were analyzed. The analysis of definition of science-related attitude in the articles showed different foci on cognitive, affective and behavioral domains. To suggest the effective instruction for enhancing students' science-related attitudes, this study identified students' attitude with gender, grade, residence and achievement level. The result showed that male, urban, higher-grade and better performed students had more positive attitude than female, rural, lower-grade and less performed students. As for the factors in science-related attitude, I categorized the factors into personal, environmental and pedagogical aspects, and found that psychological elements in all domains were most influential to students' change of science-related attitudes. It is interesting to note that students showed dichotomous views about experiment and that task-oriented instruction failed to enhance students' attitude. Based on the research findings, this study suggests effective instruction for improving students' attitudes and future research for science education.

스마트 환경에서의 독서문화 진흥 방안에 관한 연구 - '독서' 관련 어플리케이션 분석을 중심으로 - (A Study on the Promotion of Reading Culture according to Analysis of the Application on the 'Reading')

  • 황금숙
    • 한국도서관정보학회지
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    • 제51권1호
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    • pp.145-177
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구에서는 스마트 환경에서의 독서문화 진흥 방안 제시를 위해 독서 매체 변화와 다양한 방식으로 독서 및 소통하고자 하는 독자의 독서행위에 대해 128개의 독서 관련 어플리케이션 현황을 조사·분석하였다. 이를 통해 미래지향적인 독서문화 진흥 방안을 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, 스마트 환경에서의 독자 및 비독자에 대한 정확한 연구가 이루어져야 한다. 둘째, 독서 매체에 대한 정확한 인식과 더불어 매체에 따른 독서행위를 위한 다각적인 모델이 마련되어져야 한다. 셋째, 독자의 독서행위 변화 추이를 신속히 간파할 필요가 있다. 마지막으로, 공적 영역에서의 '독서' 관련 어플리케이션 개발이 시급하다.

국내·외 문헌적 비교를 통한 뇌졸중 환자에 대한 근력강화 운동의 고찰연구 (A Study on Strengthening Exercise for Stroke Patients through Comparison of Literature between Domestic and Foreign)

  • 오태영
    • 대한통합의학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.113-124
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    • 2019
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of strengthening program for improving the muscle strength and body function in rehabilitation of patients with stroke Methods : We found the 15 precedent studies at online portal site of "Korea education and Research information service" and found 5 precedent studies at "Pubmed". We analyzed and describe the total 19 studies involving national and international research. Results : The strengthening exercise was adapted to lower extremities and trunk muscle of participants and the isokinetic (concentric and eccentric) exercise was most of exercise type and then manual isometric exercise, functional activities, progressive task oriented resistance exercise, PNF pattern exercise was following. The studies reported that the strengthening program increased target muscle strength and improved balance capacity and walking function for the participants positively. Conclusion : Conclusionally the several strengthening program can be the intervention to increase the muscle strength without increasing spasticity for patients with stroke. We think that the strengthening of lower extremities an improve balance capacity and walking ability and it can use the intervention to change the quality of life in patients with stroke. More than 3weeks strength program might be effectiveness, in case of acute patients with stroke, the improving of muscle strength is available but need to study for improving balance and walking capacity more in the future.

미래지향적 인재양성 정책에 대한 초등예비교사의 인식과 준비도 (Elementary Pre-service Teachers' Perception and Readiness for Future-oriented Human Resource Development Policies)

  • 조미헌
    • 정보교육학회논문지
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.451-459
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    • 2019
  • 미래 사회를 대비하여 인재를 양성하고자 하는 다양한 정책들이 시행되어 왔다. 그 정책들 중에서 STEAM교육, SMART교육과 SW교육이 대표적인 사례가 된다. 이 정책들이 학교 현장에서 효과적으로 실행되기 위해서는 교사들의 긍정적인 인식과 지도 역량이 요구된다. 본 연구는 특히 예비교사 교육의 중요성을 고려하여 STEAM교육, SMART교육과 SW교육 정책에 대한 초등예비교사의 인식과 지도 준비도 현황을 분석하고, 예비교사 교육에 반영할 수 있는 시사점들을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 예비교사들의 각 정책에 대한 필요성 인식 수준은 매우 높았으며, 각 정책에 대한 이해 수준은 비교적 높은 편인 것으로 나타났다. 이와 비교할 때, 예비교사들이 각 정책과 관련하여 교육을 받은 경험은 부족하며, 지도 준비 수준은 매우 낮은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 우선적으로 해결해야 할 과제로는 교사 교육 세미나 운영과 교수-학습 프로그램 및 자료 보급에 대한 선택이 가장 많았다. 예비교사의 개별 특성에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과, 예비교사의 ICT 활용 능력 수준에 따른 차이들이 발견되었다. 이와 같은 연구 결과에 기초하여 예비교사 양성 과정에서 반영해야 할 시사점들을 제시하였다.

PMO 역량에 따른 프로젝트 성과에 관한 연구 (An Exploratory Study on the Project Performance by PMO Capability)

  • 배재권;김진화;김상열
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.53-77
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    • 2008
  • In recent years, although numbers of corporations are bringing in PMO, they seem to be indifferent to PMO performance measurement. This demonstrates that there are also other reasons beside performance measurement of information systems (IS) project being ambiguous by introducing PMO; the lack of acknowledging the concrete function of PMO, and the scarcity of empirical study about the effect of PMO on the project members and project performance. In this sense, this study is aimed at proposing a new research model in which project success factors (i.e., standardization, management advocacy, and staff expertise) affect PMO capability (i.e., knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency) positively, leading to project performance (i.e., task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes) eventually. To empirically test the research model, data are surveyed from PMO department and IS department. To prove the validity of the proposed research model, PLS analysis is applied with valid 132 questionnaires. By employing PLS technique, the measurement reliability and validity of research variables are tested and the path analysis is conducted to do the hypothesis testing. The path analysis results can be organized into 7 ways in large scale. First, standardization of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency of PMO capabilities. The findings of this result indicate that the multiple or single project management should satisfy standardization in order to operate an effective PMO. Second, management advocacy of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. Management advocacy refers to the willingness of management to provide the required resources and authority for project success. There is agreement among researchers regarding the importance of management advocacy for favorable PMO capability. Third, staff expertise of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. The findings of this result indicate that the formation of an exceptional consultant or members with a proficient knowledge for staff expertise of project member is the key factor to elevate the PMO capability. Past research suggests that experience and knowledge and the resultant familiarity with the problem faced can be an important determinant of PMO capability. A capable project with appropriate staff expertise means that it enjoys a diversity of abilities and experiences. Fourth, knowledge management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive impact on psychological outcomes but has no direct effect on task outcomes and organizational outcomes. In domestic case of S. Korea, PMO was finally introduced to many other corporations in 2005 though it started bringing in 2000. Therefore, it had neither a significant impact on the task outcomes nor organizational outcomes by lacking the contents and the infrastructure of the knowledge management because the knowledge consolidation and management period of PMO is comparatively shorter by terms than other foreign nations. Fifth, resources management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. In addition, problem solving competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. Therefore, the findings of this results stress that PMO capabilities has a positive impact on project performance. Sixth, according to the path analysis of the hypothesis, which suggested in this research, problem solving competency is the PMO capability which is the key success factor for task, psychological, and organizational outcomes as an integrated performance model. Further, the analysis reveals that problem solving competency is an important factor for integrated performance model. The finding is in line with past IS research, which affirms that the work of IS projects is essentially a problem solving endeavor. Seventh, in the path analysis of the hypothesis in this research, the path of the management advocacy $\rightarrow$ problem solving competency $\rightarrow$ organizational outcomes appears to be the most important and strongest path. In brief, the finding of this study suggests that project success factors influence PMO capability positively, and project performance as well. From the results, it can be concluded that PMO helped great improve the project success rate and project performance. This study advances research on PMO capability in three important aspects. First, the findings of our study have implications for IS theory and future research. Our study contributes to IS theory by synthesizing concepts from PMO research and project management research with those in IS research. We proposed and tested PMO capability of IS projects and the findings of our investigation provided some preliminary answers to some of the questions raised. Secondly, this thesis does not only help depicting the concept of IT governance but also approaches empirically. It makes a gradual approach to the main content, step by step, in contrary of simple standard, scholastic way of thinking. Finally, we argued that this task-oriented(technical) view is not sufficient to adequately conceptualize IS project performance. Hence, we applied that the research on organization teams, which provides a flip viewpoint to that of project management research in that it gives more weight for psychological outcomes of organizational work groups, can be very helpful in reconceptualizing the IS project performance construct. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide research directions for future research.

알베르티의 건축 설계론과 비트루비우스 (Alberti's Theory of Architectural Design and Vitruvius)

  • 조은정
    • 미술이론과 현장
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    • 제9호
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    • pp.195-215
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    • 2010
  • Alberti's De re aedificatoria is the earliest case in the history of Italian Renaissance architectural treatises dealing with recovery of antiquity through textual and archaeological pursuits. The key source of the Renaissance theoreticians was Vitruvius' De architectura. However, Alberti was keenly aware of inaccuracy and Hellenization of Latinity in this classical text, and tried to compensate them in his own treatise. Furthermore he claimed a reformed discipline of the architects as well as the patrons, and prescribed how future buildings and cities should be built, based on the proper authority of ancient architecture in proper and intelligible Latin. Such an adaptation of classical usage in order to reestablish a modern norm preceded in his earlier work Momus, a satire on the contemporary Italian society of his own by following the model of Lucian. Alberti's suggestion of proper government in Momus's phrase was expanded in De re aedificatoria, for he consider the buildings are subject to the rules of morality and public interests. He proclaimed that the nature of beauty is the reasoned harmony of every part within a body, and architectural beauty also lies on the harmonized arrangement of all the elements within an individual building and of all individual buildings and facilities within a city. For the architects to execute this task, he formulated the concept of lineanenta, the form derived from the mind in order to prescribe the proper place, numbers, scale, and orders for whole building structure. It is the future oriented city-plans and building designs to serve the public interest and the good of all the individual citizens who make up the City-State that Alberti pursued in his treatise.

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국내.외 전문전시 동향에 관한 고찰 (A Study on the Current Trend of Special Exhibition Home and Abroad)

  • 손유찬
    • 디자인학연구
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.61-73
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    • 1991
  • The exhibition activity that a company is rendering to their consumers for the purpose of advertisement, sales promotion and enhancement of company inage get more and more internationalized and specialized. A company is changing from mass production system to small quantity production of various kinds to meet consumer's individualization and differentiation. Also, a company is experiencing a major change in their marketing strategy. As the society is entering on Information Age, the contents that a company intends to give consumer may be different individually. If a consumer is informed wrong information of the goods, a company needs a place to meet consumer face to face where the consumer feels and understands the substance of the goods. This is the current characteristics of Exhibition Media. Based on the result of the current Special Exhibition home and abroad along with background and characteristics of special Exhibition, this study sets a following task reflecting the general trend of social, cultural and economic atmosphere. First, Current Exhibition Industry will be diversified into more Specialized Exhibition, while our Exhibition Industry is very shaky under severe international competition. Also, Exhibition Plan that involves with architecture, interior, graphic, industrial design and advertisement, etc., needs international competitiveness while enhancing identity of Exhibition Plan along with comprehensive marketing strategy in the future. Second, Among most of the local special Exhibitions which invite the general public are normally invited for company public relation contrary to those of U.S.A. and Europe. This signifies of our industrial and social structure's by-product. As the future exhibition become Information Com$$\mu$ication Exhibition which requires specialized technical explanation, the correct description of the goods should be set as a Judgement basis of Exhibition Plan. Third, In parallel with increase of the Exhibition, the equipment expenses of a company goes up continuously. In view of this, a study $$\mu$t be oriented for re-use and curtailment of expenditure of those equipment. Also, as the use of Assembly System B on the rise as a result of diversification of special Exhibition, a study on the development of new material & design for Exhibition Equipment only B required.

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미래 교육환경 변화에 따른 의생활교육과정의 방향 (Exploring the Direction of the Clothing Life Education Curriculum according to Changes in the Future Educational Environment)

  • 이은희
    • 한국가정과교육학회지
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.93-111
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    • 2022
  • 제4차 산업혁명, 포스트 코로나 시대로의 전환 등 사회적 혁신을 기반으로 모두를 위한 삶의 질을 제고할 수 있는 교육 패러다임의 전환이 필요한 시기이다. 이러한 시대 변화의 흐름을 파악하여 교육과정의 변화를 준비하여야 한다. 이에 본 연구는 4차 산업혁명, 포스트 코로나 시대로의 패러다임의 변화에 따른 미래 초·중등교육의 방향성이 논의되고 있는 시점에서, '미래교육환경의 변화에 따라 의생활교육은 어떤 혁신적 과제를 수행해야 하는가?'의 문제의식에서 출발하여 미래 교육환경의 변화의 특징과 의생활교육과정을 분석해보고, 이를 바탕으로 의생활교육과정의 방향을 탐색하는데 목적을 두었다. 이러한 연구목적을 수행하기 위해 제1차 교육과정에서부터 2015 개정 교육과정의 의생활교육과정 분석결과를 활용하였다. 결론적으로 미래 교육환경의 변화에 따른 의생활교육과정의 방향으로는 먼저 인재상으로 인공지능(AI)에 인간의 감성과 환경, 의생활문화를 더하는 융·복합교육인재양성, 소프트웨어 역량과 실천적 문제해결 역량을 연계하는 의생활교육, 인공지능(AI)을 활용한 패션 메이커교육과 가치 지향적인 의생활교육 등을 도출하였다. 본 연구를 통해 실제적 교육현장 적용인 의생활 교수·학습방법에 대한 후속연구가 진행되기를 기대한다.

건강보험법의 형성과 발전, 그리고 과제 (Formation, Development and Task of the Health Insurance Act)

  • 전광석
    • 의료법학
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.3-45
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    • 2019
  • 건강보험은 국민의 건강을 보장하는 헌법적 과제를 실현하는 주축 수단이다. 건강보험의 과제를 살펴보기 위해서는 역사적으로 형성된 우리 건강보험의 특성, 건강보험 자체의 급여와 관련된 특성 및 규범적 특성을 이해하여야 한다. 우리 건강보험은 낮은 수준의 보편적 평등을 지향하였다. 이는 역설적으로 건강보험을 보편화하는 데 유리한 상황이 되었다. 건강보험의 과제는 포괄적이며, 적극적·개방적이다. 그러나 건강보험은 평균적 진료와 재정안정성을 유지하기 위하여 어느 정도 정형화된 진료의 종류와 내용 및 방법을 규범화하여야 한다. 건강보험은 한편으로는 이를 벗어나는 진료를 통제하여야 하지만, 다른 한편 진료의 필요성과 효과성을 기준으로 이를 보충하여야 한다. 그런데 이러한 두 요청은 일치할 수 없다는 구조적인 한계가 있다. 이 글은 위와 같은 건강보험의 특성을 기준으로 건강보험의 역사를 정리하고, 앞으로 남겨진 과제를 분석하고 개선과제를 제시하는 목적을 갖는다. 건강보험이 처한 새로운 상황에서 건강보험의 보장성을 부분적으로 강화하는 문제, 건강보험의 제도 및 재정위기의 구조적 문제, 건강보험에 특유한 거버넌스와 관련된 현재의 문제 및 개선방향을 제시하였다.

국가직무능력표준을 활용한 항만물류분야 재직자의 교육과정 개발 방안에 관한 연구 (A Study on Alternatives for Developing the Workers' Education Programme in the Port Logistics Field using a NCS Model)

  • 박두진;김현덕
    • 한국항만경제학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.61-75
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구에서는 국가직무능력표준(NCS)를 활용하여 항만물류분야의 재직자 교육을 위한 교육과정을 개발하였다. NCS는 고용노동부가 주관이 되어 만든 직무표준으로 한 개인이 자신의 직업에서 업무를 성공적으로 수행하기 위하여 요구되는 능력을 과학적이고 체계적으로 도출하여 국가적 차원에서 표준화 작업을 진행한 것이다. 항만물류분야의 재직자 교육과정을 개발하기 위해 관련 기업체를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 정성적 및 정량적으로 수요자의 교육니즈를 분석하여 도출된 교육과정을 MECE 분류기법을 사용하여 중복되는 교육과정은 통합하고 누락되는 부분은 상호보완하여 최종적으로 교육과정을 도출하였다. 본 연구는 항만물류분야 재직자의 직무능력 향상으로 기업체의 경쟁력이 향상과 함께 국가의 핵심산업인 항만물류산업의 국가 경쟁력 발전에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. 또한 산 학 연계를 통해 교육과정을 개발함으로써 대학에서는 보다 실무중심의 교육과정을 도입함으로써 현장실무형 인재를 양성할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 향후 과제로는 산 학 연 연계를 통해 본 연구에서 제시한 재직자 중심의 교육과정을 적용 및 평가하는 연구가 필요하다.