• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.67-92
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• 2009

This study investigates the relationship between Culture and online trust in three cultural dimensions: individualism, collectivism and long term orientation. For this purpose, this study proposes the empirical hypothesis to test the implication of the proposed model. The results are as follows. First, the purchase intention is influenced by the online trust in statistical sense. Second, the relationship between Culture and the antecedents of online trust are statistically established in three cultural dimensions: individualism, collectivism and long term orientation. The direction of future research is to develop the more refined hypothesis to test the empirical model in the field of on line trust and culture.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.21-25
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• 2016

In this paper, we review curriculum of VR related Departments in 2-3 years colleges. We gather the educational requirements from the current and future VR industry, and we survey the VR short education courses and the curriculum. The demand for VR content is expected to more than triple by 2020 compared to the equipment industry. Therefore, a VR course at a practical two-year college should have a lot of contents-oriented curriculum.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3243-3256
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• 2020

Recent years have shown a great interest of public in buying and selling of crypto/digital currency. With hundreds of digital currencies in financial market, bitcoin remains the most widely used, adapted, and accepted currency around the world. However, the critics of bitcoin still consider it a threat to modern day power usage. This paper discusses the important pitfalls, pros, and cons related to bitcoin's energy consumption. The paper begins by highlighting the flexibilities cryptocurrency can bring to online money transfers compared to traditional 'fiat' architecture. Then, the focus of the paper entirely remains on listing various facts related to bitcoin's energy utilization including a brief description of several emerging approaches for energy optimization. This paper is concluded by revealing key current challenges associated to bitcoin's energy usage.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.50-67
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• 2015

The Cognitive Radio (CR) paradigm in tactical ad hoc networks is an important element of future military communications for network-centric warfare. This paper presents a novel Cognitive Link State Routing protocol for CR-based tactical ad hoc networks. The proposed scheme provides prompt and reliable routes for Primary User (PU) activity through procedures that incorporate two main functions: PU-aware power adaptation and channel switching. For the PU-aware power adaptation, closer multipoint relay nodes are selected to prevent network partition and ensure successful PU communication. The PU-aware channel switching is proactively conducted using control messages to switch to a new available channel based on a common channel list. Our simulation study based on the ns-3 simulator demonstrates that the proposed routing scheme delivers significantly improved performance in terms of average end-to-end delay, jitter, and packet delivery ratio.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.68-86
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• 2015

Future wireless network aims to integrate different radio access networks (RANs) to provide a seamless access and service continuity. In this paper, a new resource denotation method is proposed in the WLAN and LTE heterogeneous networks based on a concept of spectral bandwidth mapping. This method simplifies the denotation of system resources and makes it possible to calculate system residual capacity, upon which an economic model-based network selection algorithm is designed in both under-loaded and over-loaded scenarios in the heterogeneous networks. The simulation results show that this algorithm achieves better performance than the utility function-based access selection (UFAS) method proposed in [12] in increasing system capacity and system revenue, achieving load balancing and reducing the new call blocking probability in the heterogeneous networks.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.4950-4966
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• 2015

Cloud providers now face the problem of estimating the amount of computing resources required to satisfy a future workload. In this paper, a virtual machine provisioning (VMP) mechanism is designed to adapt workload fluctuation. The arrival rate of forthcoming jobs is predicted for acquiring the proper service rate by adopting an exponential smoothing (ES) method. The proper service rate is estimated to guarantee the service level agreement (SLA) constraints by using a diffusion approximation statistical model. The VMP problem is formulated as a facility location problem. Furthermore, it is characterized as the maximization of submodular function subject to the matroid constraints. A greedy-based VMP algorithm is designed to obtain the optimal virtual machine provision pattern. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed mechanism could increase the average profit efficiently without incurring significant quality of service (QoS) violations.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1289-1310
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• 2016

Dynamic ID-based authentication solves the ID-theft problem by changing the ID in each session instead of using a fixed ID while performing authenticated key exchanges between communicating parties. User anonymity is expected to be maintained and the exchanged key kept secret even if one of the long-term keys is compromised in the future. However, in the conventional dynamic ID-based authentication scheme, if the server's long-term key is compromised, user anonymity can be broken or the identities of the users can be traced. In addition, these schemes are vulnerable to replay attacks, in which any adversary who captures the authentication message can retransmit it, and eventually cause the legitimate user to be denied service. This paper proposes a novel dynamic ID-based authentication scheme that preserves forward anonymity as well as forward secrecy and obviates replay attacks.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1429-1441
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• 2016

While Facebook and Twitter get worldwide attention, these popular SNSs are not available in China. As the leading local SNS, Sina Weibo has garnered much of the attention in China. The purpose of the study was to explore why Chinese college students use Sina Weibo and if gender differences exist in the motivations for using it. The results from a survey of 360 respondents show that Chinese students used Sina Weibo mainly for information-gathering, followed by accessibility to celebrity, social connection, self-presentation and entertainment. Among them the most dominant reason for using Sina Weibo was found to be information-gathering. This finding suggests that Sina Weibo functions as a platform to search for information on social issues and interests. The study also found that these motivations were significantly different between male and female users. Interestingly, female respondents used Sina Weibo much more broadly than male counterparts, accessing it to satisfy all needs such as information gathering, accessibility to celebrity, social connection, self-presentation and entertainment. Based on these findings limitations and direction for future studies are discussed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.3307-3321
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• 2018

With the ever-increasing queries related to temporal (or time-related) information, such as the product launching time, in search engine, most web pages will be augmented with such information in the future. Meanwhile, the gradual emergence of the use of electronic textbooks (or e-Textbooks), which enrich the traditional paper-based textbooks with multimedia contents such as interactive quizzes and multimedia-based simulations, has led us to infer that e-Textbooks will be blended with temporal information to support learning. The use of temporal information helps teachers and students to understand the level of prior knowledge required to study a topic, as well as the sequence of learning activities and related sub-topics, that best attains the educational goals. This paper presents a simple yet efficient tool called TimeMap, which is based on mind mapping, to create an e-Textbook called TimeBook that takes account of time-related curriculum and the ability of students to learn via collaboration.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.177-192
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• 2001

전자상거래의 탄생과 성장의 가장 큰 당위성은 고객의 만족도 제고와 효용성의 증대라 할 수 있다. 이러한 측면에서 살펴볼 때, 이동성, 위치성, 접근성 및 개인성을 고루 갖춘 M-Commerce에 대한 수요는 매우 폭발적일 것으로 판단된다. 그럼에도 불구하고 기존의 유선 인터넷 망을 이용하는 전자상거래에 비해 기술 규격이 표준화되지 못하고 있는 점, 보안 및 인중이 취약하다는 점, 불편한 인터페이스 등의 문제로 아직까지는 대중화되지 못하는 태동기라고 볼 수 있다. 현재, M-Commerce의 주요 수단으로 사용되는 Cellular Phone과 PCS의 차기 모델로서 대두되고 있는 IMT 2000과 기존의 단말기를 대체하는 PDA 사용자의 급증 동 제반 불만족 요인의 상당 부분을 극복 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한, M-Commerce의 Business Model은 기존은 기존의 전자상거래가 B2B 시장이 가장 폭넓은 시장인데 비해 B2C 시장으로 특화될 수 있을 것으로 전망된다.