• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.26-34
• /
• 2001

Most research to date concerning the cryogenic toughness of austenitic stainless steels has concentrated on the base metal and weld metal in weldments. The most severe problem faced on the conventional austenitic stainless steel is the thermal aging degradation such as sensitization and carbide induced embrittlement. In this paper, we investigate the cryogenic toughness degradation which can be occurred for austenitic stainless in welding. The test materials are austenitic stainless JN1, JJ1 and JK2 steels, which are materials recently developed for use in nuclear fusion apparatus at cryogenic temperature. The small punch(SP) test was conducted to detect similar isothermally aging condition with material degradation occurred in service welding. The single-specimen unloading compliance method was used to determine toughness degradation caused by thermal aging for austenitic stainless steels. In addition, we have investigated size effect on fracture toughness by using 20% side-grooved 0.5TCT specimens.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.105-108
• /
• 2002

Al-alloy is utilized widely as a light-weight material to an automobile, a vessel and many kind of equipment, due to the light-weight and its characteristics that is a good tensile strength, elongation and tenacity for bearing heavy load and weight. Al-alloy has the good property of hot working, cold working and corrosion-resistant. But the exiting fusion welding by using Al has some economical and technical problems, but on the other hand, Friction Stir Welding (FSW) that is new joining method can settle the disadvantages that occur to the fusion welding and Is being applied and extended into the various industry fields. On this study, To analyze accurately the mechanical properties of joining area by FSW in Al 6061 alloy by using finite analysis program with finite element method. The size of HAZ and the thermal distribution is simulated and the mechanical properties around the FSW joining area to the Al-alloy 6061 is examined.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2004

In this paper, the difficulties involved in analyzing and designing a management system for product development are discussed with reference to reducing the impact of products on the environment. We propose some models and methods to analyze information behavior in the process of product development based on a fusion model which integrates the assessments of users’ needs, the environment, and available technology. These models and methods are subsequently applied to the development of a new packaging material. The results of this case study allow us to identify effective information for the design of a management system for product development to reduce the impact of products on the environment.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1993.07b
• /
• pp.1057-1059
• /
• 1993

Some interested phenomena, which were appeared near the bonding interface, were investigated by angle lapping and delineation method, SEM, and TEM observations. Voids, defects, material continuity, and interfacial oxide stability were observed and discussed in the fusion-bonded Bi-Si or Si-$SiO_2$/Si wafer pairs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.08a
• /
• pp.311.2-311.2
• /
• 2013

Transmutation characteristics of minor actinides in a transmutation reactor based on a Low Aspect Ratio (LAR) tokamak are investigated. One-dimensional neutron transport and burn-up calculation coupled with the tokamak systems analysis were performed to find the optimal system parameters. The dependence of the transmutation characteristics such as neutron multiplication factor, produced power and transmutation rate on an aspect ratio A in the range of 1.5 to 2.0 was investigated. By adding Pu239 in the transmutation blanket as a neutron multiplication material, it was shown that the one unit of the transmutation reactor based on the LAR tokamak producing fusion power of 150 MWth can destroy the minor actinides contained in the spent fuels produced from more than 19 units of l GWe PWRs with production of the power being in the range of 0.9 - 3.4 GWth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.08a
• /
• pp.293.2-293.2
• /
• 2013

구조색에 기반을 둔 반사형 디스플레이는 낮은 전력 소모와 쉬운 제조 과정뿐만 아니라 후광 없이 작동이 가능한 장점으로 인해 최근 많은 주목을 받고 있다. 하지만 기술적으로 다양한 색체 구현이 어려워 현재까지는 많이 응용되고 있지는 않다. 이에 본 연구에서 우리는 바이러스(M13-박테리오파지)를 기반으로 한 신개념 컬러 디스플레이를 개발하고자 한다. 우리가 개발하고자 하는 컬러디스플레이는 자가 조립방법으로 만들어진 나노 구조체로 형성되어 있으며, 간단한 실험 조건 조절을 통해 다양한 색깔 구현을 할 수 있다. 특히, MEMS 공정으로 자체 제작한 Micro Heater의 온도 조절을 통해 자가 조립된 나노 구조체의 간격 주기를 조절 하면, 기존에 형성된 색을 원하는대로 자유롭게 바꿀 수 있다. 우리가 개발하고자하는 생체 재료 기반 컬러 소자는 차세대 디스플레이의 또 다른 새로운 시도가 되리라 생각한다.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.77-95
• /
• 2010

This study aims to analyze importance and performance factors on the quality of wellbeing fusion menu of fusion restaurants to provide helpful information for building up a detailed marketing strategy and present considerations for sales increase and more efficient business results. Importance on menu quality scored a higher level than performance on the whole in fusion restaurants. Notably, in regard to attributes of menu quality, it was found that respondents put higher stress on 'taste of food', 'sanitary of food', 'cleanliness of vessels', 'quality of menu' and 'freshness of food' than anything else. Wellbeing fusion menu which has an high intake frequency rate includes 'green vegetable noodles with black bean sauce', 'sweet pumpkin salad', 'salmon salad', and 'shrimp vegetable gratin' in that order. On the other hand, the intake frequencies of 'ovened green perilla gratin', 'pomegranate dressing tofu', 'bacon roll with glutinous rice powder', and 'pomegranate dressing bacon' were rated very low. In terms of the IPA analysis on wellbeing fusion menu quality, it was important to continuously maintain 'taste of food', 'sanitary of food', 'cleanliness of vessels', 'freshness of food', 'quality of menu', 'diet menu(low fat, low calories)', 'vegetable menu', 'nutrition of food', 'variety of menu' etc. Such items as 'price', 'distinction with existing food', and 'environment-friendly organic agriculture food material' are in need of intensive care and operation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.65 no.6
• /
• pp.825-833
• /
• 2022

Objective : ABM/P-15 (anorganic bone matrix/15-amino acid peptide fragment) is a commercially available synthetically manufactured P-15 collagen peptide fragment, that is adsorbed on ABM. This study was done to investigate the efficacy of ABM/P-15 in achieving fusion in the lumbar spine and comparing it with that of recombinant bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and demineralized bone matrix (DBM). Methods : A retrospective observational study of prospectively collected data of 140 patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusion surgeries in a single specialty spine hospital between 2016 and 2020, with a minimum 6-month follow-up was conducted. Based on the material used for the augmentation of the bone graft at the fusion site, the patients were divided into three categories namely ABM/P-15, rhBMP-2, and DBM group. Results : ABM/P-15, rhBMP-2, and DBM were used in 46, 44, and 50 patients, respectively. Patient characteristics like age, gender, bone mineral density, smoking history, and presence of diabetes mellitus were comparable amongst the three groups. Average follow-up was 16.0±5.2, 17.9±9.8, and 26.2±14.9 months, respectively in ABM/P-15, rhBMP-2, and DBM groups. The fusion was achieved in 97.9%, 93.2%, and 98% patients while the average time-to-union was 4.05±2.01, 10±4.28, and 9.44±3.49 months (p<0.001), respectively for ABM/P-15, rhBMP-2, and DBM groups. The average pre-operative Visual analogue scale score was 6.93±2.42, 7.14±1.97, 7.01±2.14 (p=0.900) for ABM/P-15, rhBMP-2 and DBM groups, respectively, which reduced to 1.02±0.80, 1.21±0.96, and 0.54±0.70 (p=0.112), respectively at the last follow up. Pre-operative Oswestry disability index scores were 52.7±18.02, 55.4±16.8, and 53.56±19.6 (p=0.751) in ABM/P-15, rhBMP-2, and DBM groups, which post-operatively reduced to 33.77±15.52, 39.42±16.47, and 38.3±15.89 (p=0.412) and further to 15.74±8.3, 17.41±10.45, and 16.76±9.81 (p=0.603), respectively at the last follow-up. Conclusion : ABM/P-15 appears to achieve union significantly earlier than rhBMP-2 and DBM in lumbar spinal fusion cases while maintaining a comparable clinical and complication profile.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.29 no.8
• /
• pp.827-835
• /
• 2020

Zeolite material having XRD peaks of Na-A zeolite in the 2θ range of 7.18 to 34.18 can be synthesized from the waste catalyst using a fusion/hydrothermal method. The adsorption rate of Mn ions by a commercial Na-A zeolite and the synthesized zeolitic material increased as the adsorption temperature increased in the range of 10 ~ 40℃. The adsorption of Mn ion were very rapid in the first 30 min and then reached to the equilibrium state after approximately 60 min. The adsorption kinetics of Mn ions by the commercial Na-A zeolite and the zeolitic material were found to be well fitted to the pseudo-2^nd order kinetic model. Equilibrium data by the commercial Na-A zeolite and the zeolitic material fit the Langmuir, Koble-Corrigan, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models well rather than Freundlich isotherm model. The removal capacity of the Mn ions by the commercial Na-A zeolite and the zeolitic material obtained from the Langmuir model was 135.2 mg/g and 128.9 mg/g at 30℃, respectively. The adsorption capacity of Mn ions by the synthesized zeolitic material was almost similar to that of commercial Na-A zeolite. The synthesized zeolitic material could be applied as an economically feasible commercial adsorbent.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.573-577
• /
• 2014

The existing metal getters are invariably covered with thin oxide layers in air and the native oxide layer must be dissolved into the getter materials for activation. However, high temperature is needed for the activation, which leads to unavoidable deleterious effects on the devices. Therefore, to improve the device efficiency and gas-adsorption properties of the device, it is essential to synthesize the getter with a method that does not require a thermal activation temperature. In this study, getter material was synthesized using palladium oxide (PdOx) which can adsorb $H_2$ gas. To enhance the efficiency of the hydrogen and moisture absorption, a porous layer with a large specific area was fabricated by an etching process and used as supporting substrates. It was confirmed that the moisture-absorption performance of the $SiO_2/Si$ was characterized by water vapor volume with relative humidity. The gas-adsorption properties occurred in the absence of the activation process.