• 제목/요약/키워드: fungicide activity

검색결과 169건 처리시간 0.018초

After-infection Activity of Protective Fungicides against Apple White Rot

  • Lee, Dong-Hyuk;Kim, Dae-Hee;Woo, Hyun;Uhm, Jae-Youl
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.166-173
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    • 2007
  • In a trial to select suitable fungicides for developing a spray program that can control apple white rot effectively, after-infection activities in some protective fungicides were detected. Six fungicides, mancozeb, propineb, benomyl, folpet, azoxystrobin and iminoctadine-triacetate, which had been extensively used in apple orchards, were sprayed on 12-year-old apple trees (cv. Fuji) at 15-day intervals from late May to late July. Disease incidences and infection frequencies of the fruit bagged just before and soon after each spray were examined. When the infection frequency or disease incidence of the fruit bagged after each spraying of fungicide was significantly lower than those of the fruit bagged before spraying, the fungicides appeared to confer after-infection activity. The six fungicides showed diverse activities on white rot: folpet showed after-infection activity on disease development, iminoctadine-triacetate showed after-infection activity on infection, azoxystrobin showed after-infection activity on disease development and infection, and mancozeb, propineb and benomyl showed no distinct activity. The activity of a fungicide became much higher when it was sprayed alternately with other fungicide rather than successive spraying of the same fungicide. Analysis of the properties of these protective fungicides could lead to the development of a highly effective spray program against white rot.

Biocontrol with Myxococcus sp. KYC 1126 Against Anthracnose in Hot Pepper

  • Kim, Sung-Taek;Yun, Sung-Chul
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.156-163
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    • 2011
  • Antifungal activity of three Myxococcus spp., KYC 1126, 1136, and 2001, was tested in vitro against three phytopathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, and Pyricularia grisea). Spore germination and mycelial growth of the three pathogenic fungi were completely inhibited by bioactive substances from a myxobacterium KYC 1126. In addition, the activity of KYC 1126 was fungicidal, but liquid culture filtrate of KYC 1126 did not affect protoplast reversion in C. acutatum. A bioassay of KYC 1126 filtrate against anthracnose in hot pepper was conducted in the greenhouse and field at 2009 and 2010. The incidence of anthracnose in control seedlings was 74%, but was reduced to 29% after KYC 1126 treatment. The control value with KYC 1126 was 60% while that with the fungicide dithianon was 42%. In the greenhouse, disease incidence with KYC 1126 was consistentely 10-35% lower than with fungicide as a positive control. The control value with KYC 1126 was 13.4% and 41.0%, whereas that with the fungicide was 52.3% and 63% in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Although anti-anthracnose activity of KYC 1126 was not maintained for long time in the field, the bacteriolytic myxobacterium KYC 1126 could be a prospective biocontrol agent.

Bacillus sp. NAAS-1을 이용한 고추 탄저병 생물학적 방제 (Biocontrol of Anthracnose of Chili Pepper by Bacillus sp. NAAS-1)

  • 유재홍;박인철;김완규
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제40권4호
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    • pp.277-281
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    • 2012
  • 고추포장의 토양에서 분리한 Bacillus sp. NAAS-1 Colletotrichum acutatum에 대한 생물학적 방제 활성을 검정 하였다 이 분리균주를 일종의 작물보호제인 카밴다짐 가스가마이신 수화제와 비교하여 검정한 결과, 기준사용량 농도(50 ${\mu}L/mL$)와 비슷한 항진균 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 생물 검정 결과, 공시 작물보호제의 기준사용량 농도(50 ${\mu}L/mL$)에서 보다 고추 탄저병균의 발병억제효과가 높게 나타나내었다.

Identification of the Fungal Pathogen that Causes Strawberry Anthracnose in Bangladesh and Evaluation of In Vitro Fungicide Activity

  • Akhter, Shamim;Alam, Shahidul;Islam, Shafiqul;Lee, Min-Woong
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.77-81
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to identify the Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose disease of strawberry in Balgladesh and to evaluate in vitro activity of commercial fungicides it. Based on morphological and cultural characteristics, all 22 isolates were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. They developed white or glittery colonies with grey to dark grey reverse colony colors and they produced cylindrical conidia. The efficacy of five commercial fungicides, Bavistin DF, Dithane M-45, Sulcox 50 WP, Corzim 50 WP and Rovral 50 WP, were tested against the fungus. Bavistin inhibited radial growth completely and was followed in efficacy by Dithane M-45. In Bavistin DF treated media, the fungus did not produce conidia. The percent inhibition of radial growth of the fungus was increased with the increasing concentrations of fungicide.

질소 시비가 크리핑 벤트그래스의 품질과 병 억제효과에 미치는 영향 (Turfgrass Quality and Disease Suppression on a Creeping Bentgrass Green by Various Nitrogen Sources)

  • 이상국
    • 아시안잔디학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.125-130
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    • 2010
  • 달라스팟과 브라운패치는 골프코스관리에서 가장 많이 발생되는 병이기도 하며 코스관리 예산에 있어 경제적으로 가장 중요한 병들이다. 최근 연구에 의하면 다양한 질소 비료에 의해 잔디에서 발생되는 병이 억제 된다는 결과가 보고되었다. 본 실험은 여러종류의 질소 비료가 크리핑 벤트그래스에서 발생되는 달라스팟과 브라운패치 병에 대한 억제 효능에 대해 알아보기 위해서 수행이 되었다. 총 7가지의 질소 비료와 $Emerald^{TM}$ and $ProStar^{TM}$의 2가지 잔디병 약제가 약제 조합을 위해 실험에 사용이 되었다. 질소의 잔디질에 있어서 종류가 다른 질소 시비간의 차이는 본 실험의 결과에서 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 잔디병약제 조합과 잔디병약제 조합 그리고 요소비료의 혼합에서는 유의차를 보였다. 달라스팟과 브라운패치 병의 억제 효과에 있어서는 종류가 다른 질소 시비들간의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 실험의 결과에 의하면 질소질 비료의 종류에 따라 달라스팟과 브라운 패치의 억제 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 실험기간중 다소 유의차가 나타난 기간이 있었지만 집중적인 관리가 요구되는 골프코스와 같은 잔디지역에서는 병방제를 위해서 약제의 사용이 필요하다고 판단이 되었다.

발병 조건에 따른 fludioxonil의 상추 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과 (Control Efficacy of a New Fungicide Fludioxonil on Lettuce Gray Mold According to Several Conditions)

  • 최경자;장경수;최용호;김진철
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.217-221
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    • 2009
  • Fludioxonil은 미국 EPA에 의해 저독성(reduced-risk) 살균제로 분류되었으며, 이 살균제는 Pseudomonas pyrrocinia가 생산하는 항균 물질인 pyrrolnitrin을 선도 물질로 하여 합성하였다. 본 연구에서는 상추 품종, 기주 식물의 생육 시기, Botrytis cinerea 포자농도, 접종원의 영양분 농도 등의 발병 조건에 따른 fludioxonil의 상추 잿빛곰팡이병에 대한 방제효과를 온실에서 실험하였다. 상추의 생육시기에 따른 fludioxonil 방제효과를 실험한 결과, 2 ${\mu}g$/ml 처리구는 어린 유묘에서 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과가 더 높았으나, 10 ${\mu}g$/ml 이상 농도에서는 생육 시기에 따른 방제효과의 차이는 거의 없었다. 또한 fludioxonil 10 ${\mu}g$/ml 이상 농도 처리구는 B. cinerea의 포자 농도(2.5$\times$10개/ml 부터 $2{\times}10^6$ 개/ml까지)에 관계없이 모두 우수한 방제효과를 나타냈다. 반면에 fludioxonil 2 ${\mu}g$/ml은 접종원의 포자농도가 높을수록 낮은 방제효과를 보였다. 그리고 영양분농도에 따른 fludioxonil의 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과를 실험한 결과, potato dextrose broth의 농도가 낮을수록 fludioxonil은 상추 잿빛곰팡이병에 대한 높은 방제효과를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로부터 살균제 fludioxonil은 상추 잿빛곰팡이병에 대한 효과적인 살균제임을 알 수 있었으며, 다만 낮은 농도에서는 발병 조건에 따라 다소 낮은 방제효과를 나타낼 수 있을 것이다.

국내 살균제 저항성 문제의 현황과 전망 (Review of fungicide resistance problems in Korea)

  • 김충회
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2000
  • 국내 살균제 저항성 연구는 아직 초보적 수준으로 대부분의 연구가 실내에서의 살균제 저항성 균주의 검출보고에 국한하고 있다. 향후 살균제 저항성연구는 포장에서 대상 병원균 집단의 살균제에 대한 감수성 분포를 근거로 하여 그 살균제에 대한 저항성을 판별하는 기준 농도를 설정한 후 병원균주의 저항성 여부가 판정되어야 한다. 국내의 대부분의 연구가 이점을 간과하고 있기 때문에 연구자간에 저항성 기준에 차이가 있어 병원균 집단의 약제에 대한 감수성 변화를 추적하거나 해석하는데 많은 문제점이 있었다. 실내시험에서 검출된 살균제 저항성은 포장에서 감수성 및 저항성 균을 대상으로 방제효과를 조사한 후 그 저항성을 실증할 수 있어야 한다. 살균제 저항성은 실제로 농가포장에서의 약재 방제효율의 저하와 연관되어야 비로서 실용적인 의미를 갖기 때문이다. 저항성 균주에 대한 기생적 적응력의 조사는 병원균집단내의 저항성 균주들의 생존력이나 안정성을 검정하기 위하여 반드시 필요하다. 또한 살균제 저항성에 대한 장.단기적 대책을 강구하기 위하여 병원균 집단의 특정 살균제에 대한 감수성의 변화가 그 살균제를 사용하고 있거나 사용한 적이 없는 포장에서 주의 깊게 조사되어야만 한다. 이러한 연구들은 국내 살균제 저항성 문제를 해결하기 위한 기본적인 정보를 제공한다는 면에서 매우 시급한 연구과제가 되고 있다.

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New Fungicides: Opportunities and Challenges - A Case Study with Dimethomorph

  • Spadafora, V. J.;Sieverding, E.
    • 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식물병리학회 1998년도 Proceedings of International symposium on Recent Technology of Chemical Control of Plant Diseases
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    • pp.50-69
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    • 1998
  • Dimethomorph is a novel fungicide with a high level of activity against diseases induced by certain Oomycetes, including fungal populations that are resistant to other products. In several ways, this fungicide illustrates the opportunities and challenges presented by many modern pesticides. The specific mode of action, which affects cell wall formation, is associated with a very high level of performance and low dose rates under field conditions. These low dose rates, combined with a low level of toxicity to non-target organisms present an outstanding safety profile. This same highly-specific mode of action, however, limits the spectrum of activity and suggests the need for a resistance management plan, both of which must be addressed in new product development. In addition, the biological and physiochemical properties of this, and other new products are not adequately described by the traditional classification of fungicides into“protectant”and“systemic”types. These unique profiles provide novel and useful products for disease control.

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장변대황(Rheum australe D. Don)으로부터 분리된 토마토 시들음병원균(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Saccardo) Snyder & Hansen)에 대한 항진균 활성물질 구명 (Isolation of Antifungal Activity Substance from Rheum australe D. Don Roots against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Saccardo) Snyder & Hansen)

  • 최지수;이동운;최용화
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.95-108
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    • 2020
  • To develop an environment-friendly fungicide for controlling tomato wilt diseases, antifungal active substance was isolated Rheum australe D. Don roots against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, a pathogen of tomato wilt, in this study. Methanol extract obtained from Rheum australe roots was successively fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The ethyl acetate fraction, which showed the highest antifungal activity, was separated by column chromatography, and 60 subfractions were obtained. The 60 subfractions were anlayzed for antifungal activities by bioassay. The active compound was identified as 5-[(E)-2- (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol (rhapontigenin) by NMR and GC-MS analysis. As a result of testing antifungal activity of rhapontigenin against Fusarium oxysporum, EC50 of rhapontigenin was showed strong antifungal activity at 7.48 mg/L. Therefore, this study showed that the Rheum australe roots extract can be a potential candidate which is a environment-friendly fungicide against Fusarium oxysporum.

Large-Scale Screening of the Plant Extracts for Antifungal Activity against the Plant Pathogenic Fungi

  • Song Hee, Lee;Young Taek, Oh;Do-Yeon, Lee;Eunbyeol, Cho;Byung Su, Hwang;Junhyun, Jeon
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제38권6호
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    • pp.685-691
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    • 2022
  • Plants produce chemicals of immense diversity that provide great opportunities for development of new antifungal compounds. In search for environment-friendly alternatives to the fungicide of current use, we screened plant extracts obtained from more than eight hundred plant materials collected in Korea for their antifungal activity against the model plant pathogenic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. This initial screening identified antifungal activities from the eleven plant extract samples, among which nine showed reproducibility in the follow-up screening. These nine samples were able to suppress not only M. oryzae but also other fungal pathogens. Interestingly, the plant extracts obtained from Actinostemma lobatum comprised five out of eight samples, and were the most effective in their antifungal activity. We found that butanol fraction of the A. lobatum extract is the most potent. Identification and characterization of antifungal substances in the A. lobatum extracts would provide the promising lead compounds for new fungicide.