• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.197-209
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• 1995

This paper is a third report about the new fungal diseases of economic resource plants in Korea. It contains short descriptions on symptoms, occurrence conditions, pathogen, and some phytopathological notes for each of 10 fungal plant diseases. They are angular leaf spot of Achyranthes japonica by Cercospora achyranthis causing leaf spot and defoliation in the shade of plants, leaf spot of Armoracia lapathifolia by Cercospora armoraciae causing leaf spot to blight from the rainy season to autumn, hypophyllous mold of Dioscorea tokoro by Distocercospora pachyderma causing leaf spot and yellowing, hypophyllous mold of Artemisia spp.by Mycovellosiella ferruginea causing leaf spot and yellowing, angular leaf spot of Aralia elata by Pseudocercospora araliae causing velvety leaf spot and defoliation, hypophyllous mold of Lycium chinense by Pseudocercospora chengtuensis causing velvety leaf spot and defoliation from the rainy season to autumn, angular leaf spot of Diospyros lotus by Pseudocercospora disospyri-morrisianae causing leaf spot and defoliation from summer to autumn, brown leaf spot of Impatiens textori by Pseudocercospora nojimae causing leaf spot to blight from the rainy season, leaf spot of Cephalonoplos segetum by Ramularia cirsii causing leaf spot to blight throughout the growing season, and white mold of Leonurus sibiricus by Ramularia leonuri causing leaf spot to blight mostly in autumn.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.215-225
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• 2017

Kiwifruit is prone to damage by frost in the harvest season and the occurrence of postharvest diseases. Accordingly, new cultivars overcoming these disadvantages have been developed. Compared to existing cultivars, studies on diseases in new cultivars are very limited. Thus, goal of this study was investigation of fungal infection occurrences in new cultivars. Kiwifruit was harvested in 2014 and 2015 year, respectively. In both years, cvs. Goldone and Redvita showed more resistance against fungal infection but cv. Gamrok was more sensitive compared with cv. Hayward. Major fungi were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea, Phomopsis sp., Alternaria alternata and Nigrospora sp. Firmness and soluble solids content were also influenced by the occurrences. This study's findings are important for providing practical information on new cultivars in the kiwifruit industry.

• 식물병연구
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.132-142
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• 2022

Plantation forests are established by planting Eucalyptus tree species to provide timber and pulp for the construction industries and to meet the energy needs in Ethiopia. Besides the extensive Eucalyptus plantations in the country, fungal pathogen-related diseases are the main challenges to successful production and management. The disease survey was conducted in the Eucalyptus growing areas of Ethiopia during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. The objective of this research was to assess the diseases associated with Eucalyptus plant species and identify the causal fungal species. Plants of E. camaldulensis were the dominant species in the survey fields and were severely associated with stem and branch canker diseases. Diseased samples were collected and fungal species were identified as Didymellaceae according to culture morphology and affirmed by internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis. In phylogeny, isolates in the study and a reference strain formed supportive monophyletic clades with strong 90% and 95% support with Didymella coffeae-arabicae and Didymella pinodella respectively. Pathogenicity tests revealed that Didymellaceae could infect E. camaldulensis. The findings are the first reports of Eucalyptus stem canker disease caused by Didymellaceae in Ethiopia.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.181-191
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• 1994

Occurrence of diseases in economic resource plants in Korea is poorly known. This paper reports short descriptions on symptom, occurrence condition, pathogen, and some phytopathological notes for each 10 fungal plant diseases new to Korea; leaf spot of Rosa multiflora with Seimatosporium discosioides causing leaf spot and defoliation, leaf blight of Equisetum arvense with Titaeospora equiseti causing leaf spot to leaf blight, leaf blight of Setaria viridis with Phyrenochaeta setariae causing leaf spot of Aster tataricus with Septoria astericola causing leaf spot and black spot, powdery mildew of Clematis fusca var. coreana with Erysiphe ranunculi causing powdery mildew and dwarfing, powder mildew of Ligularia stenocephala with Erysiphe galeopsidis causing powdery mildew and dwarfing, powdery mildew of Phlox subulata with Erysiphe cichoracearum causing powdery mildew and defoliation tar spot of Lonicera japonica with Rhytisma lonicericola causing tar spot and dwarfing, white rust of Pharbitis nil with Albugo ipomoeae-pandulatae causing white rust and deformation, and white rust of Achyranthes japonica with Albugo achyranthis causing white rust and defoliation.

• 대한치과의료관리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2018

Halitosis is primarily caused by bacterial decay. The bacteria, which originate from biofilms such as dental plaque, show abnormal proliferation due to dental caries, periodontal diseases, soft tissue infections, and tongue diseases. Most studies on halitosis have exclusively focused on gram-negative bacteria in the oral cavity rather than on general oral microorganisms including oral fungi. This study analyzed oral fungal hyphae, as well as distribution and motility of oral microorganisms, and provided basic data on the control of halitosis. Our results revealed that the greater is the number of cocci bacteria, the higher is the halitosis value, or bad breath value (BBV), suggesting that cocci have a strongly positive correlation with halitosis (r=0.379, p=0.030). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the morphology or distribution of motile bacteria and motility score, with respect to BBV. Lastly, we investigated the relationship between halitosis and oral fungal hyphae. We found that a higher BBV corresponded with a greater number of fungal hyphae and that patients with fungal hyphae scored a higher BBV. However, this result was not statistically significant. In conclusion, this study provided the preliminary data on oral microorganisms and halitosis, but further studies are needed to analyze the relationship between oral microorganisms and halitosis.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.469-480
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• 2016

Bacterial wilt and grey mould in tomato plants are economically destructive bacterial and fungal diseases caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. Various approaches including chemical and biological controls have been attempted to arrest the tomato diseases so far. In this study, in vitro growths of bacterial R. solanacearum and fungal B. cinerea were evaluated using four different vitamins including thiamine (vitamin B1), niacin (vitamin B3), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), and menadione (vitamin K3). In planta efficacies of the four vitamin treatments on tomato protection against both diseases were also demonstrated. All four vitamins showed different in vitro antibacterial activities against R. solanacearum in dose-dependent manners. However, treatment with 2 mM thiamine was only effective in reducing bacterial wilt of detached tomato leaves without phytotoxicity under lower disease pressure ($10^6$ colony-forming unit [cfu]/ml). Treatment with the vitamins also differentially reduced in vitro conidial germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea . The four vitamins slightly reduced the conidial germination, and thiamine, pyridoxine and menadione inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea. Menadione began to drastically suppress the conidial germination and mycelial growth by 5 and 0.5 mM, respectively. Grey mould symptoms on the inoculated tomato leaves were significantly reduced by pyridoxine and menadione pretreatments one day prior to the fungal challenge inoculation. These findings suggest that disease-specific vitamin treatment will be integrated for eco-friendly management of tomato bacterial wilt and grey mould.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2018

Northern corn leaf spot and southern corn leaf blight caused by Cochliobolus carbonum (anamorph, Bipolaris zeicola) and Cochliobolus heterostrophus (anamorph, Bipolaris maydis), respectively, are common maize diseases in Korea. Accurate detection of plant pathogens is necessary for effective disease management. Based on the polyketide synthase gene (PKS) of Cochliobolus carbonum and the nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene (NRPS) of Cochliobolus heterostrophus, primer pairs were designed for PCR to simultaneously detect the two fungal pathogens and were specific and sensitive enough to be used for duplex PCR analysis. This duplex PCR-based method was found to be effective for diagnosing simultaneous infections from the two Cochliobolus species that display similar morphological and mycological characteristics. With this method, it is possible to prevent infections in maize by detecting infected seeds or maize and discarding them. Besides saving time and effort, early diagnosis can help to prevent infections, establish comprehensive management systems, and secure healthy seeds.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.360-368
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• 1997

주요 봄철 채소의 하나인 냉이에 발생하는 병해를 조사한 결과 다음의 4가지 병해가 발견되었다. 흰녹가루병은 주로 근생엽에 발생하나 때로 중기와 꽃대에도 발생하여 피해를 주었으며, 병원균은 Albu해 candida로 동정되었다. 노균병은 주로 군집밀도가 높은 상태에서 발생하였고 피해도 심했는데, 병원균은 Peronospora parasitica로 동정되었다. 흰무늬병은 드물게 발생하였고 피해도 거의 없다고 판단되는데, 병원균은 Pseudocercosporella capsellae로 동정되었다. 그리고 흰가루병은 주로 그늘에서 자란 개체에서만 발생하였는데, 병원균은 Erysiphe cichoracearum으로 동정되었다. 이들 4가지 병해는 모두 한국에서 처음기록되는 것이다. 이 중 흰녹가루병과 노균병은 자연상태에서 발생이 심하였을 뿐만 아니라 여러 가지 발병환경을 고려해 볼 때 시설재배에서 많이 발생할것으로 예상되므로 시설재배에서는 철저한 관리가 요구된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.289-301
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• 2002

Background: It is axiomatic that average life span is prolonged in proportion to the advance of socio-economic improvements and medical science. Consequently, the number of elderly patients with skin diseases is increasing. Objective: This study was performed to examine the patterns of skin diseases in elderly patients that had visited Dongguk Oriental Medical hospital, Dept. of Dermatology. We also compared these patients to the young generational groups. Methods: We studied 67 elderly patients with complaints of skin diseases who had visited our hospital from March 2000 to February 2002. We analysed their skin diseases and compared them with the younger group's. Results: The results were as follows; 1. The common disease groups were eczema(32.8$\%$); pruritus(23.9$\%$); viral infections (13.4$\%$); psoriasis(9.0$\%$); fungal infections and urticaria(6.0$\%$). 2. The disorders prevalent in men were eczema(30.0$\%$); herpes zoster & pruritus(23.3$\%$); fungal infection(13.3$\%$); psoriasis (3.3$\%$); melasma(6.7$\%$). 3. The common diseases of women's group were observed in the following order; eczema(35.l$\%$); pruritus(24.3$\%$); psoriasis(13.5$\%$); urticaria(10.8$\%$); other dermatoses(8.1$\%$); herpes zoster(5.4$\%$). 4. The most frequent skin disease for those in their 50's was eczema(32.3$\%$); 60's, pruritus(36.8$\%$); 70's, eczema(50.0); and over eighties., eczema and pruritus(40.0$\%$). Conclusion: This study suggests that dermatologic problems in the elderly are very common, especially eczema, pruritus. It is a very different pattern from the younger group's. And we have to better consider more effective management and treatment for them; especially further dermatologic studies including substantial medical care. Usually Oriental medicine is good at treating chronic diseases and less harmful. So we expect it to be generally better for elderly patients than western medicine.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.140-144
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• 2004

전통적으로 Cordyceps종은 한국을 포함한 동양에서 건강증진과 심장과 폐에 관련된 질환을 치료하는 약용식물의 하나로 사용되어왔다. 최근에 동충하초의 약리적 가치때문에 큰번데기 동충하초를 포함한 몇가지 Cordyceps 종의 인공재배에 관한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 큰번데기 동충하초를 in vitro에서 인공재배한 결과 자실체 형성이 불안정한 것을 관찰하였기에 보고하고자 한다.