• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1455-1466
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• 2002

This research focuses on functionalism in American fashion designs which have become the center of public attention in recent. First, documentary studies about how functionalism, which originated in Europe in the beginning of the 20th century, has been developed throughout the 20th century were preceded Second, content analysis was done for the articles, including the word ‘unction’,‘utility’ and ‘practical’in the New York Times and American Vogue from January 1990 to January 2001. As a result, functionalism in 1990s has been developed in different ways from the mechanical, organic, and mea analogies of functionalism in the beginning of 20th century. It doesn't belong to an analogy but has the fused characteristics of those three analogies. It can be classified into techno functionalism influenced by new technology, pure functionalism related to minimalism, sports casual functionalism for those who are crazy about the speed and sports and enjoy the freedom and comfort, and symbolic functionalism which stresses Zen style. More casual manners of formal wear are distinct elements in functionalist fashion design in 1990s. It leads to strong expressions of sports casual functionalism, which plays a great role in sportswear industry of American fashion design. The American fashion designers who were mentioned often in the articles were Donna Karan, Calvin Klein, Ralph lauren and Tommy Hilfiger. As well as their works have common formative features based on functionalism, each of them shows his/her own strung color. A]1 of these designers make American fashion design, which can be defined as casual wear or sportswear, very popular worldwide based on the developed American functionalism. Functionalism considering practical and conceptional functions will continue in coming century and techno functionalism and sports casual functionalism in future fashion designs wilt be expressed more strongly with new technology and casual trends of life style.

• 복식
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.155-172
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• 2002

The research has the aim of defining the special characteristics of the functionalist fashion design in the 1900s by understanding the essence of functionalism in the sociocultural contexts. Giving careful consideration to functionalist fashion design in the 1990s makes it possible to foresee the way of fashion design to meet the needs of the modems and men of the future world. To obtain the purposes, documentary study and demonstrative study with fashion photographs have been executed. Main results are as follows. Functionalism in the 1990s has been developed in different ways from the analogies in the beginning of the 20th century. It doesn't belong to an analogy but has the fused characteristics. It can be classified into techno functionalism influenced by new technology Pure functionalism related to minimalism. casual functionalism for those who are crazy about the speed and sports and enjoy the freedom and comfort and symbolic functionalism. Mechanical analogy has been developed into techno functionalism. Pure functionalism has come from the blend of mechanical and moral analogy, casual functionalism from mechanical. organic and moral analogy. and symbolic functionalism from organic and moral analogy. Since fashion design has much closer relation to human body and movements. it has been expressed considering a division of men and women and the places and times for the designs more than other designs. More casual manners of formal wear are distinct elements in functionalist fashion design in the 1990s. The 20th century general cultural phenomena including post modernism can be explained by eclectic functionalism. Functionalism considering Practical and conceptional functions ill continue and techno functionalism and casual functionalism in future fashion design will be expressed more strongly with new technology and casual trends of life style.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

This paper is intended as an analysis of the Chapter on Family in textbooks of a Middle school course at the aspect of Parson's Structural Functionalism Theory. In this analysis, We'd like to explore how the value of family is expressed in the Art-Home Economics textbooks. Generally, family is a subsystem in the structural system of whole society and family has two main functions to promote stability and equilibrium from the Parson's Structural Functionalism Theory point of view. Today, the concern with the Structural Functionalism Theory is dominantly reflected in textbooks, even though it has been proposed that the Structural Functionalism is not appropriate to explain family of modem society. Like that, the question now arises: the family history and interaction is ignored in the Structural Functionalism Theory. That is to say, There are limitations of Structural Functionalism Theory. The textbooks of Art-Home Economics was based on the revised curriculum has been severely changed in terms of external system of textbooks. But, we didn't know how much the view of the Structural Functionalism Theory is involved in textbooks. In this article, we analyze the view of the Structural Functionalism Theory in the Art- Home Economics textbooks using the Contents Analysis. At the same time, we find the confusion of family value revealed in textbooks.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2002

The first purpose of this research is to investigate the functionalistic concept through the general consideration of Functionalism, and to study the art's aesthetic value of functionalistic expressionist artists implication and form in terms of architecture and product design. Secondly, it analyzes the implication and shape of Functionalism towards 'Art to Wear', which can be explained as a mixture of fashion and art. The results are as follows; First, functionalistic 'Art to Wear' of Mechanical Analogy appears to have futuristic inclination stressing the significance of geometric shapes and machine aesthetics. It uses new materials, and reduce an unnecessary work of art to convey more accurate, concrete and effective character of form. Secondly, functionalistic 'Art to Wear' of Organic Analogy regards natural elements as important to pursue the warm human nature. Also, it appears to be free and comforting forms of Functionalism through an organic silhouette. Thirdly, functionalistic 'Art to Wear' of Moral Analogy excludes excessive ornaments, and includes the implication of appropriate and purposive purity which serves for practical function.

• 복식
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.85-102
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• 2002

The research has the aim of defining the special characteristics of the functionalist fashion design in the 20th century by understanding the essence of functionalism in the sociocultural contexts and studying functionalism in fashion design and architectural and product design by the comparative. Giving careful consideration to functionalist fashion design in the 20th century makes it possible to foresee the way of fashion design to meet the needs of the moderns and men of the future world. To obtain the purposes, documentary study and comparative study have been executed. Main results are as follows. Functionalism stressed in the beginning of the 20th century can be defined and categorized using three analogies, mechanical analogy of futuristic quality based on mechanical aesthetics and standardization by mass production, organic analogy in which the perfect beauty of nature is stressed on, moral analogy of fitness for purpose and absence of ornament based on integrity and sincerity. In while, functionalism in 1990s has been developed in different ways from those analogies. In comparative studies, functionalist fashion design and architectural and product design have the dissimilarity as well as the similarity of formative features. Since fashion design has much closer relation to human body and movements. it has been expressed considering a division of men and women and the places and times for the designs more than other designs.

• 인지과학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.79-101
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• 2011

본 논문은 심성이나 인지적 과정을 두뇌의 과정으로만 이해하는 신데카르트주의적 두뇌 중심주의에 반하여, 인지에 있어서 신체나 환경의 본질적 역할을 강조하는 '체화된 인지' 연구의 핵심적 주장이 무엇인지를 분석하고, 그 아래에 포섭될 수 있는 여러 이론 사이에서 발생할 수 있는 긴장 관계를 다룬다. 특히 체화된 인지에 대한 샤피로의 주장과 확장된 인지에 대한 클락의 주장을 중점적으로 비교하며, 블록이 제기한 기능주의의 딜레마를 통하여 이 두 이론 사이의 긴장을 조명한다. 샤피로의 체화된 인지가 쇼비니즘적 기능주의의 길을 택했다면 클락의 확장된 인지는 자유로운 기능주의의 길로 가고 있다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2005

German architect Hans Scharoun (1893-1972) has long been known as an Expressionist Architect, but recent scholarships reveal that his architectural pieces represent a profound idea of modern functional building. In this context, his architectural tendency can be constructed as an advanced functionalism. In the early twentieth century Germany, many young architects were not given chances to build due to economic hardship after World War I, and they were naturally led to imagery sketch designs for future architecture. Scharoun began with utopian fantasies as one might easily notice through his watercolor paintings in the Glass Chain period, but further developed his vision into a more concrete idea on organic building which he believed to be a modem functionalism. This paper intends to exemplify Scharoun's modern functionalism through a detailed analysis of his design of Weissenhofhaus presented at Stuttgart Deutscher Werkbund Exhibition in 1927. Weissenhofhaus is often rebuked for its expressionist qualifies by famous critics such as Sigfried Giedion and Nikolaus Pevsner, but the house also suggests other possibilities within the Modern Movement in Architecture. In particular, Weissenhofhaus is chosen for its historical importance linking two world war eras in German modern architecture.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is not to understand functionalism from a simple program or effectiveness and economic perspective, but to reinterpret from a substantial perspective that modern architects assert commonly and to apply it to hospital design in a new way.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2013

이 연구의 목적은 인테리어 분야에서 스웨덴의 현대 디자인 발전에 지대한 영향을 미친 스벤스크 텐의 철학과 인본적 기능주의 디자인의 형성과정과 특성을 알아보고자 함이다. 연구를 함에 있어 스벤스크 텐이 형성되던 동시대 건축과 가구디자인의 디자인 패러다임을 연구하고 이 고유의 브랜드가 당시 유럽의 기능주의 디자인의 흐름 속에서 어떻게 스웨디시 모던 스타일의 대표 주자로 자리 잡게 되었는지에 대한 과정을 이론적으로 분석하였다. 이를 토대로 1930년대 이후 스벤스크 텐의 독창적 정체성을 형성하는 데 결정적 기여를 한 요셉 프랭크의 가구 및 텍스타일 디자인을 동시대 스웨덴의 디자인 사례와 비교하여 스벤스크 텐이 실현하고자 한 인본적 기능주의 디자인을 형태적 재료적 측면에서 분석하고 이를 개념화하였다. 이에 대한 결론은 다음과 같다. 1)공간과 요소, 양식과 기능의 유기성, 2)아말감화를 통한 독창적 공간, 3)추상적 패턴을 통한 공간의 열린 감성, 4)공간을 파괴하지 않는 가구의 형태, 5)합리적 기능주의의 한계 극복.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제20권
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• pp.75-85
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• 1997

제 2차 세계대전 이후 후기 자본주의 사회적 이익의 관심 속에서 인터내셔널 스타일이라고 불리우는 통속적 기능주의가 발전되었다. 그러나 이 통속적 기능주의는 오로지 비인간적 상업주의만을 반영함으로써, 정신 심리적이고 사회적인 문제들만을 야기 시켰다. 그 결과로, 60년대 중반에, 독일 건축과 디자인 분야에서 일어난 (일련의 68 운동으로서) 기능주의 비판운동이 전개되었다. 그리고 이 기능주의 비판운동은 70년대에도 지속되어져, 확장된 기능주의의 형성에 큰 영향을 끼쳤다. 이 확장된 기능주의는 대량생산-대량소비사회의 사용과정 속에서의 기능들의 개념정의에 그 기초를 두고 있다. 그리고 이 기능들, 즉 실제적 기능, 이론적 기능, 생태적 기능, (형태)미적 기능, 지시적 기능, 상징적 기능은 오늘날 독일 디자인 실무분야에서 분석과 개발과정에 핵심적인 판단기준이 되어왔다.