• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.123-131
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• 2004

The hospitals built In the seventies and eighties have gone through many different extensions and renovations. However, as there had been no prior projections of the future extensions, irrational processes in terms of interdepartmental functional relocations and space availability have recurred. As well, areas and departments are located in several wings, which bring about a decrease in interdepartmental functional linkage, causing a lot of confusion and trouble in hospital management. Through this research we acquire concluding remarks. 1) To restore functional linkage in the whole hospital, strategy of interdepartmental relocation with the clinic-in-the clinic concept is the measure to minimize the problems of the increase in interdepartmental functional linkage since the clinic-in-the clinic concepts minimize circulation and maximizes efficiency of hospital management by making all the dispersed wings as professional as possible. 2) The measure of smooth circulation in order to resolve the problems of patients' difficulty in identifying directions and in decrease in staff's work performance, which arises from the extensions without considering the traffic systems of the whole hospital involves introduction of linear circulation systems in which connections between departments or areas can be made centering main axes of circulation. It is also a responsive measure to enhance the functional linkage between buildings and efficiency of patient's ease in identification of directions.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of three different pelvic tilts on a sit-to-stand (STS) and to suggest a new assessment approach based on biomechanical analysis. The three difrent pelvic tilts were: (1) comfortable pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (CPT STS), (2) posterior pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (PPT STS) and (3) anterior pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (APT STS). To determine the onset time of muscle contraction surface electrodes were applied to the rectus femoris muscle (RF), vastus lateralis muscle (VL), biceps femoris muscle (BF), tibialis anterior muscle (TA), gastrocnemius muscle (GCM), and soleus muscle (SOL). The ICC was used for functional linkage analysis. The findings of this study were as follows. First, significant differences were found in kinematic variables and in muscle activation pattern among the three activities. Second, the results of functional integrated analysis revealed that recruited muscle activation patterns changed when the thigh-off was viewed as a reference point. Third, there were independent functional units between the thigh-off and the VL and between the thigh-off and the RF in the functional linkage analysis. The VL and RF acted as prime mover muscles, and more postural adjustment muscle recruitment was required as the demand of postural muscle control increased (PPT STS, APT STS, and CPT STS in order). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest the following evaluative and therapeutic approach for STS activity. APT STS can be introduced for movement efficiency and functional advantage when abnormal STS is treated. However, excessive APT would change the muscle activation patterns of BF and SOL and require additional postural muscle control to cause abnormal control patterns.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.309-312
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• 2004

We performed exon trapping in order to locate functional genes on chicken chromosomes (GGA) and to identify functional gene sequences from chicken cosmids. Sequence analysis of 100 clones revealed 17 putative exons, five of which were identified with known sequences in a gene database search: thymopoietin beta (TMPO), U5 snRNP-specific 40 kDa protein (HPRP8BP), dihydropyridine receptor alpha 1 subunit (CACNL1A3), cystein string protein (CPS) and C15orf4. We attempted to map the genes to chicken chromosomes by using FISH and linkage analysis. The chromosomal localizations were GGA1 (TMPO), GGA10 (C15orf4), GGA23 (HPRP8BP) and GGA28 (CPS) by FISH and linkage analysis, while that of CACNL1A3 was predicted to be on a microchromosome by FISH but not by linkage analysis. Comparative mapping analyses between chickens and humans for the genes revealed both known and new synteny. The syntenic conservation between GGA1 and human chromosome (HSA) 12q23 (TMPO) and between GGA10 and HSA15q25 (C15orf4), were consistent with a recent publication, while two new syntenies were observed between GGA28 and HSA20q13.3 in CPS and between GGA23 and HSA1p34-35 in HPRP8BP. The information of presently mapped genes can contribute as anchor markers based on functional genes and the construction of a comparative map.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.8
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• pp.375-402
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• 2001

While the national economy has rapidly grown, both insufficience in indirect capital facilities of society and attempt to avoid having a logistical job as one of the so-called dirty, difficult and dangerous jobs have resulted in the leak of labor in the logistical industry. First of all, it was shown that the functional utilization level of the logistical information system had a partial effect on the logistical performance, that the reduction of logistical costs was influenced by the information system of connecting and supporting functions, and that the improvement of customer service was significantly influenced by only the supporting-function system. Second, the logistical performance was partially influenced by the linkage between logistical activities, only the customer linkage had a significant effect on the reduction of logistical costs, and the improvement of customer service was influenced by the intra-company linkage. Third, in verifying a hypothesis that the logistical information system's functional utilization level and organizational structure would interact with each other and have an effect on the logistical performance, it was shown that based on their mutual interaction at a normalized level this center's functional information system had a significant effect on the reduction of logistical costs. Fourth, in testing a hypothesis that both the linkage between logistical activities and logistical organization structure would interact with each other and would have an effect on the logistical performance, it was shown that their interaction at a normalized level was significant concerning only the reduction of logistical costs, while there was I10 its significance in the customer service. In proving a hypothesis that the linkage between logistical activities and logistical strategy patterns would interact with each other and would have an effect on the logistical performance, it was shown in a differentiated, aggressive investment one among variously patterned logistical strategies that the customer linkage had a significant effect on the reduction of logistical costs, and in the improvement of customer service that the supplier linkage had a remarkable impact. It also was shown that in case of the cost reduction and offensive control strategy, the customer linkage had a remarkable effect, and th at in the improvement of customer service the intra-company and customer linkage had a significant effect. In the marketing and customer service strategy, finally, there was no any significant influence while the customer linkage had a significant impact in the improvement of customer service. Accordingly, whether or not individual companies utilize the logistical information system's functional utilization levels well will have an effect on their logistical performance, and how their supply chain management is well-linked will affect their logistical performance.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.189-210
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• 2022

Deployable structures have the ability to shift from a compact state to an expanded functional configuration. By extension, reconfigurability is another function that relies on embedded computation and actuators. Linkage-based mechanisms constitute promising systems in the development of deployable and reconfigurable structures with high flexibility and controllability. The present paper investigates the deployment and reconfigurability of modular linkage structures with a pin and a sliding support, the latter connected to a linear motion actuator. An appropriate control sequence consists of stepwise reconfigurations that involve the selective releasing of one intermediate joint in each closed-loop linkage, effectively reducing it to a 1-DOF "effective crank-slider" mechanism. This approach enables low self-weight and reduced energy consumption. A kinematics and finite-element analysis of different linkage systems, in all intermediate reconfiguration steps of a sequence, have been conducted for different lengths and geometrical characteristics of the members, as well as different actuation methods, i.e., direct and cable-driven actuation. The study provides insight into the impact of various structural typological and geometrical factors on the systems' behavior.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.464-466
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• 2014

The mechanism synthesis methods, graphical, analytical and computer-aided technique have been proposed for selecting and scaling mechanical system. According to developing computation tools, mechanism could be synthesized much faster and more correct than previous analytical ways by improved techniques. In this paper, the improved synthesis method is proposed to solve body guidance synthesis problem. To perform the mechanism synthesis for body guidance, a planar linkage is modeled as a set of free three bushings located in design space. The values of bushing stiffness and x, y position of bushings yielding a desired functional requirement related to input motion are found by using an optimization technique.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.243-261
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• 2011

This study aims to investigate a framework for linkage of national research performance evaluation and research information service from the perspective of metadata representation and exchange. Based on results of the functional requirements for metadata of national research performance evaluation are derived, this study suggests strategies for the application of international metadata standards. Also, this study presents an method to implement the metadata of research performance evaluation based on OAI-ORE, which is an international standard that can reuse and exchange the research information on web architecture.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.351-357
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate level of functioning in patients with stroke using Modified Bathel Index (MBI), World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), and ICF core-set for stroke. Methods: Sixty-four patients with stroke were recruited for this study from nine medical institutes. The ICF core-set for stroke, WHODAS 2.0, and MBI were used to collect subjects' functional levels. ICF core-set was employed here as a standard frame to observe multi-dimension of functioning, that is physiological bodily function, activity and participation (AP) in daily life, and current environmental factors (EF) in patients with stroke. WHODAS 2.0 and MBI were also used in order to have a specific functioning level for subjects. The linkage of each item in WHODAS 2.0 and MBI into the ICF core-set for stroke was examined. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for analysis of their relationships. Results: Functioning level of participants showed moderate resulting from MBI and WHODAS 2.0 ($73.48{\pm}22.27$ and $35.55{\pm}12.53$, respectively). Strong relationship was observed between ICF core-set and WHODAS 2.0, and with MBI. Each item of disability scales was obtained its linkage into ICF in the domain of AP. However, lack of correlation between MBI and ICF in the domain of EF was found due to absence of related factors. Conclusion: MBI was found to be linked mainly into ICF in the domain of AP and to have limited linkage into EF. Therefore, it should be suggested that the ICF concept frame should be used as a multi-dimensional approach to patients with stroke.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.261-263
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• 2002

The presence of retinals (retinal and 3,4-didehydroretinal) has been known in the eggs of wide range of oviparous vertebrates, but the biological significance of the egg retinals has yet to be clarified. We here show that retinals are the major components of retinoids in the eggs of all species of chordate animals we examined. The egg retinals were commonly bound to egg yolk proteins, the storage proteins, via a Schiff base linkage. The Schiff base linkage, which protects the reactive aldehyde group, would negate the toxicity of aldehyde, and enable to accumulate much amount of retinals. The retinals in chordate eggs are considered to be the precursor of functional retinoids, such as photoreceptive pigment chromophores and retinoic acid, during development. The results of the present research strongly suggest that retinals in the eggs of oviparous chordates are the common and essential mode of retinoid storage.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.61-67
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• 1995

The steam generator, one of the major components in the reactor coolant system, plays an important role in transferring the thermal energy made in the reactor during normal operation to the secondary side and producing steam to drive turbine. A hydraulic snubber system is used in order to protect the steam generator under the dynamic loading condition and to absorb the thermal expansion transmitted by the reactor coolant piping due to high temperature and pressure during normal operation. In this study, the model for a geometrical linkage system is presented to analyze the snubber stroke of the steam generator and the parameters in the snubber stroke analysis are investigated. A method to analyze lever ratio of the linkage system which is required in the process of determining the snubber stiffness value is also presented. To discuss the validation of the suggested analysis, the analysis results are compared with the measured data during the hot functional test for the standardized 1000 Mwe pressurized water reactor plant under the construction.