• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.967-974
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• 2006

Cyclomaltodextrinases (CDases), maitogenic amylases, and neopullulanases share highly conserved primary structures and similar characteristics, and are thus classified into the same family. BLAST search has showed that a variety of bacterial strains harbor putative CDase family genes with several well-conserved motif amino acid sequences. In this study, four degenerate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer sets were designed for the detection of CDase genes, on the basis of their highly conserved amino acid blocks (WYQIFP, DGWRLD, LGSHDT, and KCMVW). The PCR detection conditions were optimized and the detection specificity of each for the primer sets was tested against the genomic DNAs isolated from 23 different Bacillus-associated species. Consequently, all tested primer sets evidenced successful amplification of specific PCR products in length, which share 55-98% amino acid sequence identity with known and putative CDases. The primers developed herein, therefore, can be applied for the easy and efficient detection and isolation of CDase family genes for the modification of functional food carbohydrates.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.358-374
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• 2019

소비자들은 건강에 관한 관심이 계속 증가할 것이며 이에 저열량 식품에 대한 요구에 부응하는 소재의 개발이 필요하다. 저열량 식품소재의 개발에 있어 열량을 낮춘 소재의 기능성과 최종제품의 품질을 잘 유지할 수 있는 관능성이 중요하다. 이에 난소화성 전분과 난소화성 말토덱스트린은 이러한 필요를 충족시킬 수 있는 소재이며 일반 식이섬유보다 다양한 제품에 품질을 자유롭게 조절할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 난소화성 전분은 입자가 작고 색이 하얗고 특별한 냄새와 맛이 없기에 제빵, 파스타, 시리얼, 스낵 제품 등에 식이섬유 함량을 높이거나 제품의 품질을 향상하는데 저열량 소재로 사용되고 있고 난소화성 말토덱스트린은 식후혈당 상승억제, 혈중 중성지방 개선, 배변 활동 원활하게 하는 기능성 원료이기에 음료, 건강보조식품, 일반 식품에서 저열량 소재로 많이 활용되고 있으며 앞으로도 다양한 저열량 식품에 소재로 활용될 것이다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2002

The dietary carbohydrates are mainly digested and adsorbed at small intestine. We developed a new food additive as an egg yolk antibody(1gY) against maltase, sucrase and sodium dependent g1ucose cotransporter(SGLT) for the regulation of blood glucose level and weight control. The maltase, sucrase and SGLT were purified from porcine small intestine which is very similar to that of human in physiological characteristics. The purification step contained an ultracentrifugation, ion exchange chromatography and hydrophobic chromatography. The hens were immunized by purified protein and the IgY activities against immunized antigens were determined. This antibody obtained from the immunized hen's egg yolks directly inhibited the activities of maltase and sucrase in vitro. And the IgY delayed and decreased the increment of blood g1ucose level after administration of maltose, sucrose and glucose in rat about 30 to 60%. The results of this study suggest that the IgY inhibiting the carbohydrate digestion could be used as functional food materials for weight control and regulation of blood glucose level in diabetes.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.187-195
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• 2018

Nano-delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and nanoliposomes, are carriers that have been used to enhance the chemical as well as physical stability and bioavailability of bioactive compound. Food-grade nano-delivery system can be produced with edible biopolymers including proteins and carbohydrates. In addition to the low-toxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of these biopolymers, their functional characteristics, such as their ability to bind hydrophobic bioactive compounds and form a gel, make them potential and ideal candidates for the fortification of bioactive compounds in functional dairy foods. This review focuses on different types of nano-delivery systems and edible biopolymers as delivery materials. In addition, the applications of food-grade nano-delivery systems to dairy foods are also described.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.208-219
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• 2019

Probiotics are very closely related to gut microbiome and recognized as beneficial microorganisms for our health. They have various biological effects such as inhibition of pathogenic bacteria, activation of beneficial bacteria, prevention of diarrhea and constipation, enhanced immune activity etc. Prebiotics, non-digestible carbohydrates such as galactooligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide, are utilized by beneficial gut bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, resulting in production of short chain fatty acids which inhibit pathogenic bacteria in the gut and function for human health. Synbiotics are introduced for synergistic effects when probiotics are combined with prebiotics and now commercially available. At the moment many functional ingredients are developed and commercialized. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics might be hot items in the functional food market and the values will increase according to the results of human gut microbiome researches. To meet the situation, systematic and scientific studies as well as marketing effects should be accompanied.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.520-529
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• 2024

Lycium barbarum extract has a high potential to be developed as a health functional food due to the various health-promoting effects of Lycium barbarum. This study analyzed changes in nutritional and functional components depending on the extraction solvent (purified water and a mixture of purified water and alcohol) and the condition of the sample. The nutritional components (carbohydrates, protein, fat, ash), organic acids, amino acids, total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoids of the extract produced during the extraction process were analyzed. The nutritional composition and functional substances of the extracts showed some differences depending on the type of solvent and the condition of the sample. The amounts of crude protein (7.61%), crude fat (1.63%), carbohydrate (90.22%), and ash (0.54%) of dried Lycium barbarum extract using purified water as a solvent were similar to those of the powder sample extract. The highest content of citric acid was 4.31 mg/mL, similar to the case of acetic acid, when the powder sample used a mixture of purified water and alcohol as a solvent. The highest amino acid content was 357.39 mg/mL when the powder sample was mixed with purified water and alcohol as a solvent. The total amount of phenolic compounds was 686.16 g/L when the powder sample was extracted with a mixture of purified water and alcohol as a solvent. The highest total flavonoid content was 111.32 g/L when the powder sample was extracted with a mixture of purified water and alcohol as a solvent.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2006

A simplex-lattice mixture design was applied to blend three varieties of rice; Ilpum (IP), Goami2 (G2) and Baegjinju (BJJ) all of which have very different physicochemical properties from one another. G2 and BJJ are mutant rice developed from IP. Increasing G2 portions in a rice blend increases indigestible carbohydrate contents. Blending at least 33.3% of G2 to either IP or BJJ increased indigestible carbohydrates, which were approximately $3.55{\pm}1.31\;to\;4.57{\pm}0.37$(g/100 g), respectively. Consumers rated higher than 6.0 (=like slightly) for the IP alone and binary blends of IP and BJJ, whereas less than 5.0 (=dislike moderately) for the blends containing G2 rice, indicating that consumers would not accept rice blends containing higher G2 portions. However, although blends with G2 were given lower consumer ratings, a rice blend with G2 could have health benefits in terms of nutritional and functional properties due to the higher indigestible carbohydrate contents.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.425-430
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• 2014

식품의 3대 영양소인 탄수화물, 단백질 및 지방의 일반적인 분석 방법은 Kjeldahl 및 Soxhlet 시험법과 같은 기존의 화학 분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 그러나 이러한 분석 방법은 시료의 전처리 과정이 필요하고 많은 비용과 분석 시간이 소모되며 복잡한 추출과정을 거친다는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내 유통 식품 및 농산물 자원에 함유된 탄수화물, 단백질 및 지방의 함량을 근적외 분광분석법(near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy, NIRS)으로 신속하고 정확하게 동시에 측정할 수 있는 방법을 검토하였다. 분석시료는 517종의 다양한 식품 시료를 예측모델 개발용(calibration set) 412종과 예견치 분석용(validation set) 162종으로 구분하여 사용하였다. 기존의 화학 분석 방법에 의해 측정된 성분들의 분석 결과와 근적외 스펙트럼 데이터간의 상관관계를 조사하여 각 성분별 예측모델을 검토하였으며, 변형부분최소자승법(MPLS) 및 다양한 수처리와 산란보정을 이용한 결과, 탄수화물, 단백질 및 지방의 산란방식은 각각 weighted MSC, standard MSC 및 SNV only로 수처리는 각각 1차 미분(1st derivative, 4 nm gap, 5 points smoothing, 1 point second smoothing), 2차 미분(2, 5, 5, 3) 및 1차 미분(1, 1, 1, 1)을 적용하여 예측모델을 검토한 결과 $R^2$값이 0.971, 0.974 및 0.937로 높고 SEC값은 4.066, 1.080 및 1.890으로 낮은 최적의 예측모델을 개발하였다. 세 성분의 최적 예측모델에 의한 상관도와 잔차 히스토그램을 검토한 결과 세 성분 모두 근적외 분광분석법 예측모델로 적합함을 확인할 수 있었으며, 최적의 예측모델을 미지의 식품 시료 162종에 적용한 결과, 탄수화물, 단백질 및 지방의 $r^2$(SEP)값은 0.987(2.515), 0.970(1.144) 및 0.947(1.370)로 $r^2$값은 높으며 SEP값은 낮은 양호한 양상을 나타내었다. 그러나 지방의 결정계수($R^2$, $r^2$)값은 탄수화물, 단백질에 비해 다소 낮은 양상을 나타내므로 추후 식품 검체에 적용 시 탄수화물 및 단백질 성분에 비해 예측결과의 정확성이 다소 낮을 수 있다고 판단되어진다. 이상의 결과에서 전처리 단계에서 복잡한 추출과정, 많은 비용소모, 분석시간 및 고도의 분석기술을 요하는 기존 습식 화학분석 방법의 단점을 보완하고자 검토되었던 근적외 분광분석법은 다량의 식품분석 시료를 분석하기에는 매우 효율적이라고 생각되며, 이런 점들을 고려해 보면 근적외 분광분석 예측모델들은 추후에 미지 식품시료에 함유된 탄수화물, 단백질 및 지방의 기존 분석법을 대체하여 편리하고 빠르게 함량을 예측 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.650-655
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• 2015

Bamboo sprout powder was added to rice cake in an effort to improve the quality and functional properties of dough. The contents of crude protein and carbohydrates increased as the amount of bamboo sprout powder increased, whereas moisture contents decreased. According to increasing contents of bamboo sprout powder, total amino acid contents significantly increased. Hunter's L value decreased as contents of bamboo sprout powder increased, whereas sucrose contents increased. Addition of bamboo sprout powder to rice cake increased dietary fiber contents. Sensory scores of rice cake containing 90 g of bamboo sprout powder were the highest of all rice cakes tested. According to the results, adding bamboo sprout powder could improve the quality and sensory characteristics of rice cake.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.304-311
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• 2020

Galacto-oligosaccharides(GOS)는 프로바이오틱스 미생물의 성장을 증진시켜 인류 건강에 유익한 작용을 갖게 하는 프리바이오틱스이며 식품 산업에서 다양한 활용성을 갖는다. GOS는 보통 β-galactosidase에 의해 촉매 반응이 일어난 lactose로부터 생성된다. 한편, 세포 표면 발현은 살아있는 세포 표면의 펩타이드와 단백질을 세포의 기능성 성분에 융합시켜 발현시키는 것이다. 표층 발현 세포는 다양한 잠재적 이용가치를 갖는다. N 말단 부근에 위치하는 것으로 생각되는 Flo1p 응집 functional domain은 세포의 flocs로의 가역적인 응집을 유발하면서 α-mannan carbohydrates와 같은 세포벽 성분과 비공유결합을 한다. 한외여과한 유청을 농축, 분무건조한 유청막투과액(Whey Permeate, WP)을 이용하여 β-galactosidase 재조합 Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) 로 표층 발현 처리 (surface engineering)하는 GOS의 합성법은 폐기물을 활용하는 새로운 효율적인 방법이라 할 수 있다.