• 제목/요약/키워드: frozen garlic

검색결과 32건 처리시간 0.024초

Effect of Administration of Garlic Extract and PGF2α on Hormonal Changes and Recovery in Endometritis Cows

  • Sarkar, P.;Kumar, H.;Rawat, M.;Varshney, V.P.;Goswami, T.K.;Yadav, M.C.;Srivastava, S.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제19권7호
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    • pp.964-969
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    • 2006
  • The efficacy of garlic extract and $PGF_2{\alpha}$ in the treatment of endometritis in cows was evaluated. A total of 26 parous cows affected with endometritis were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (n = 10) animals were infused (IU) with 10 ml garlic extract mixed with 90 ml normal saline, three times at 12 h interval starting from the day of estrum, whereas the animals of Group II (n = 10) were treated with a single injection of $PGF_2{\alpha}$ (25 mg Lutalyse) on the $10^{th}$ to $12^{th}$ day after estrus, and group III (n = 6) remained as control. Cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) was collected from each animal at pre- and post-treatment estrus and subjected to white side test, pH determination and total bacterial load. The clinical recovery of cows was assessed by negative white side test reaction, pH value and total bacterial count of CVM at subsequent estrus. The recovered animals were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen twice at 12 h intervals and pregnancy was confirmed at 45-60 days following insemination. A significant decline (p<0.05) in pH of CVM was observed in both the treatment groups at subsequent estrus. After treatment there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in bacterial load, whereas, it was increased in control group. A total number of 65 isolates were identified in CVM samples comprising mostly of facultative anaerobic bacteria. Plasma $T_4$ and $T_3$ concentrations were increased in all the treated animals, whereas, a decline was observed in cortisol levels following treatment. The overall conception rate was 50% in treated groups as compared to nil pregnancy in the control.

Effects of Two Herbal Extracts and Virginiamycin Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microflora Population and Fatty Acid Composition in Broiler Chickens

  • Ramiah, Suriya Kumari;Zulkifli, Idrus;Rahim, Nordiana Asyikin Abdul;Ebrahimi, Mahdi;Meng, Goh Yong
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.375-382
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    • 2014
  • The competency of garlic and pennywort to improve broiler chicken growth and influence intestinal microbial communities and fatty acid composition of breast meat were studied. Two hundred forty, "day-old" chicks were randomly allocated to 4 treatment groups consisting of 6 replications of 10 chicks in each pen. The groups were assigned to receive treatment diets as follows: i) basal diet (control), ii) basal diet plus 0.5% garlic powder (GP), iii) basal diet plus 0.5% pennywort powder (PW) and iv) 0.002% virginiamycin (VM). Birds were killed at day 42 and intestinal samples were collected to assess for Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli. The pectoralis profundus from chicken breast samples was obtained from 10 birds from each treatment group on day 42 and frozen at $-20^{\circ}C$ for further analyses. Fatty acid profile of breast muscles was determined using gas liquid chromatography. Feed intake and weight gain of broilers fed with GP, PW, and VM were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to control. Feeding chicks GP, PW, and VM significantly reduced Escherichia coli count (p<0.05) while Lactobacillus spp count were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the gut when compared to control group on day 42. Supplemented diet containing pennywort increased the C18:3n-3 fatty acid composition of chickens' breast muscle. Garlic and pennywort may be useful in modulating broiler guts as they control the enteropathogens that help to utilize feed efficiently. This subsequently enhances the growth performances of broiler chickens.

System Design and Performance Analysis of a Quick Freezer using Supercooling

  • Kim, Jinse;Chun, Ho Hyun;Park, Seokho;Choi, Dongsoo;Choi, Seung Ryul;Oh, Sungsik;Yoo, Seon Mi
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제39권4호
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    • pp.330-335
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: This study was conducted for enhancing the performance of a conventional quick freezer by introducing the supercooling state, using a low-temperature coolant. Methods: In the present investigation, the supercooling process was executed prior to quick freezing for reducing the time by which the temperature passes the zone of maximum ice crystal formation. Every food has different nucleation points and hence, we used silicone oil as the coolant for supercooling for easy modification of temperature. Additionally, for quick freezing, we used liquid nitrogen spray. Results: Using the heat exchanger-type precooler with silicone oil, the temperature of the chamber was easily changed for enabling supercooling. Particularly, the results of the freezing test with garlic indicated that this system improved the hardness of garlic after it was thawed, compared to the conventional freezing method. Conclusions: Before quick freezing, if the food item is subjected to the supercooling state, the time from nucleation to the temperature reaching the frozen state ($-5^{\circ}C$, which is the maximum ice crystal formation zone) will be shorter than that incurred using quick freezing alone. The combination of the heat exchanger-type supercooler and liquid nitrogen sprayer is expected to serve as a promising technology for improving the physicochemical qualities of frozen foods.

Effects of Electromagnetic Heating on Quick Freezing

  • Kim, Jinse;Park, Jong Woo;Park, Seokho;Choi, Dong Soo;Choi, Seung Ryul;Kim, Yong Hoon;Lee, Soo Jang;Yoo, Seon Mi;Han, Gui Jeung
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제40권3호
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    • pp.271-276
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: Quick freezing is widely used in commercial food storage. Well-known freezing techniques such as individual quick freezing require a low-temperature coolant and small cuts for the heat-transfer efficiency. However, the freezing method for bulk food resembles techniques used in the 1970s. In this study, electromagnetic (EM) heating was applied to improve the quick freezing of bulk food. Methods: During freezing, the surface of food can be rapidly cooled by an outside coolant, but the inner parts of the food cool slowly owing to the latent heat from the phase change. EM waves can directly heat the inner parts of food to prevent it from freezing until the outer parts finish their phase change and are cooled rapidly. The center temperature of garlic cloves was probed with optical thermo sensors while liquid nitrogen (LN) was sprayed. Results: When EM heating was applied, the center cooling time of the garlic cloves from freezing until $-10^{\circ}C$ was 48 s, which was approximately half the value of 85 s obtained without EM heating. For the white radish cubes, the center cooling time was also improved, from 288 to 132 s. The samples frozen by LN spray with EM heating had a closer hardness to the unfrozen samples than the samples frozen by LN only. Conclusions: The EM heating during quick freezing functions to maintain the hardness of fresh food by reducing the freezing time from 0 to $-10^{\circ}C$.

다당류 및 TGase를 처리한 동결 무지개송어(Oncorhynchus mykiss)를 활용한 라이스페이퍼롤의 품질 특성 (Quality Characteristics of Rice Paper Roll with Frozen Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Meat Treated with Polysaccharide and TGase)

  • 박혜민;이종봉;안병규;이우진;인정진;한형구;손승아;배연주;심길보
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제56권5호
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    • pp.585-595
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    • 2023
  • This study was conducted to optimize the rice paper roll processing conditions with frozen rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss meat (RPR-FRT) treated with polysaccharide and TGase using a response surface methodology and to examine their quality characteristics. The RSM results for the RPR-FRT showed that the optimum condition for the garlic-pepper mixture was 21.2 g and that for starch was 22.6 g based on 150 g of RPR-FRT. The RPR-FRT contained 58.47 g/100 g of moisture, 8.57 g/100 g of crude protein, 3.28 g/100 g of crude lipid, and 1.00 g/100 g of ash. The vitamin E content was 1,010.91 ㎍/100 g. Based on their contents, the samples could be considered good supplements for P, Cr, and Se. The RPR-FRT contained unsaturated fatty acids (75.84%), DHA (10.33%), and EPA (2.56%). Anserine, arginine, glycine, and taurine accounted for 41.93%, 11.27%, 7.13%, and 7.00% of free amino acids in the RPR-FRT, respectively. The sulfur compounds in the RPR-FRT constituted 73.16% of the total flavor compounds. The RPR-FRT prepared using the optimum conditions was superior in masking off-flavor and showed improved nutritional content.

시판 유통 중인 냉동 다진 마늘의 사전 살균 및 조사처리 여부 판별 모니터링 (Identification of Pre-pasteurization or Pre-irradiation Treatment in Frozen Crushed Garlic Commercially Available in Korean Market)

  • 김효영;안재준;김귀란;정진화;박기환;권중호
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제42권10호
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    • pp.1673-1681
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    • 2013
  • 시판 냉동 다진 마늘 5종(중국산 3종, 국산 2종)을 대상으로 DEFT/APC, 전자코 분석, PSL, TL 및 ESR 분석을 이용하여 사전살균처리 및 조사 여부를 모니터링 하였다. DEFT/APC 분석 결과 중국산 시료에서 DEFT값(생균수+사균수)은 7.9~8.3 log CFU/g으로 높은 값을 나타내었으나, APC(생균수)는 4.2~4.8 log CFU/g으로 낮은 값을 나타내어 사전살균처리 가능성이 확인되었다. 그러나 국산 시료는 DEFT값과 APC 값의 차이가 크게 나타나지 않아 사전살균처리되지 않은 것으로 판단되었다. 전자코를 이용한 조사여부 스크리닝 결과, 중국산 시료는 미지시료와 1 kGy 조사시료간에 있어서 차이가 불분명하여 조사여부 확인이 어려운 반면, 국산 시료는 그 차이가 명확히 구분되어서 사전 조사처리 되지 않았음을 확인할 수 있었다. PSL 분석 결과, 미지시료 5종 모두 700 이하의 PCs(-)을 나타내었으며, 1 kGy의 선량으로 재조사하여 얻은 PSL ratio 역시 10배 이상으로 나타나, 모든 시료가 사전 조사되지 않은 시료로 확인되었다. 한편 TL 분석에서 $TL_1$ 발광곡선은 국산 2종의 미지시료는 $300^{\circ}C$ 이상에서, 중국산 3종은 $240{\sim}250^{\circ}C$에서 약한 발광곡선을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 검증하기 위하여 재조사(1 kGy)에 의한 $TL_2$ 발광곡선을 측정한 결과, 국산 및 중국산 모두 $150{\sim}250^{\circ}C$에서 발광피크를 나타내면서 TL ratio($TL_1/TL_2$)가 0.1 이하로 비 조사(negative)로 나타났다. 그러나 중국산 3종의 $TL_1$ 발광곡선의 온도범위를 고려해 본다면 조사처리의 가능성이 높게 나타났다. 그리하여 ESR 분석을 실시한 결과, 중국산 3종 시료는 미지시료 및 1 kGy 조사시료 모두 방사선 유래의 특이적인 cellulose signal이 관찰되어 $TL_1$ 결과를 잘 뒷받침하였다. 이와 같이 냉동 다진 마늘의 조사여부를 효과적으로 확인하기 위해서는 물리적 분석법의 다중적 활용이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

정어리 스테이크의 가공 및 동결저장 중의 품질 안정성 (Processing Conditions and Quality Stability of Sardine Steak during Frozen Storage)

  • 오광수;조순영;차용준;이응호
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.133-138
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    • 1984
  • 정어리냉동스테이크의 가공조건을 구명하고 아울러 대두단백질과 옥수수녹말의 첨가가 정어리스테이크의 품질안전성에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 정어리스테이크를 가공하기 위해서는 정어리육에 대해 탄산수소나트륨 0.5%, 식염 1.5%, 축합인산염 0.2%, 설탕 2%, 글루탐산나트륨 0.2%, 향신료로서는 후추가루, 마늘가루 및 nutmeg을 각각 0.2%씩 첨가하여 고기갈이를 한 다음 $-3{\sim}-5^{\circ}C$에서 36시간 저장하여 텍스쳐를 개선시킨 후 동결저장하는 것이 가장 좋았다. 그리고 대두단백질을 3 %첨가한 제품이 유리드립, 가압드립, 색조변화, 단백질변성 지방산패억제 및 텍스쳐 개선효과 면에서 가장 우수했으며 관능검사결과 정어리스테이크는 동결저장 90일동안 품질이 안전하게 유지됨을 알 수 있었다.

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어육동결조리식품(魚肉凍結調理食品)의 가공조건(加工條件) 및 품질(品質) 안전성(安全性)에 관한 연구(硏究) - 제 1 보 : 고등어 Steak 가공조건(加工條件) 및 동결저장중(凍結貯藏中)의 품질안전성(品質安全性) - (Processing Conditions and Quality Stability of Precooked Frozen Fish Foods during Frozen Storage - I. Processing Conditions and Quality Stability of Mackerel Steak during Frozen Storage -)

  • 이응호;전중균;조순영;차용준;정수열
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.324-329
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    • 1982
  • 고등어를 이용하여 어육냉동 steak을 만들어 이것의 가공조건을 구명하고 또한 대두단백질의 첨가가 제품품질에 미치는 효과에 대하여 검토하였다. 고등어 냉동 steak를 가공하기 위해서는 어육에 탄산수소나트륨 0.5%, 식염 1.0%, 중합인산염 0.2%, 글루탐산나트륨 0.2%, 설탕 2.0% 및 향신료로서 고춧가루 0.2%, 후추가루 0.4%, 마늘가루 0.2%와 nutmeg 0.2%를 첨가하여 고기갈이한 다음 $-3^{\circ}C{\sim}-5^{\circ}C$에서 2일간 조온저장 후 동결저장하는 것이 가장 좋았다. 또한 대두단백질을 5% 첨가하므로서 제품의 동결저장중 색조변화, 유리드립생성, 지방산패억제 및 텍스튜어의 개선효과가 있었으며 관능검사 결과로서도 고등어냉동 steak는 동결저장 90일동안 품질이 안정되게 유지되었다.

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멸치를 이용한 식품가공용 중간소재의 가공 (Processing of the Intermediate Product (Frozen Seasoned Anchovy Meat) Derived from Anchovy)

  • 오광수;노락현;이응호;박희열
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.498-504
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    • 1989
  • 멸치를 보다 효율적으로 이용하기 위한 일련의 연구로 각종 조리재료나 식품가공용 중간소재로 이용할 수 있는 냉동멸치조미육의 가공조건을 구명하고 본 시제품의 화학성분을 분석하였다. 냉동멸치조미육제품을 가공하기 위하여 채육, 세절한 멸치육에 대해 분리대두 단백 : 물 : 대두유(1 : 5 : 2)로 만든 유화커어드 12.8%, 식염 0.5%, 설탕 2.0%, sodium bicarbonate 0.4%, 중합인산염 0.2%, MSG 0.2%, 분리대두단백 3.0%, 양파가루 0.3%, 생강가루 0.1%, 후추가루 0.1% 항산화제로서 sodium erythrobate를 0.2% 첨가하여 멸치육 알맹이가 붕괴되지 않도록 혼합한 후$-35^{\circ}C$에서 급속동결시켜 carton box로 포장하여 $-25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$에 동결 저장하는 것이 가장 좋았다. 냉동멸치조미육제품의 수분함량은 73.0%. 조단백질 19.1%, 조지방은 5.0%였으며 생균수는 $1.5{\sim}1.6{\times}10^5/g$, histamine함량은 70.6mg/100g이었다. 유화커어드를 첨가함으로써 제품의 지방함량 조정 및 조직감을 개선 시킬 수 있었다. 제품의 주요구성 지방산은 linoleic, oleic, palmitic, docosahexaenoic, linolenic, palmitoleic, eicosapentaenoic acid 등으로 불포화지방산이 많이 함유되어 있었고, Glu, Asp, Leu, Lvs, Ala 등이 주요 구성아미노산이었다. 멸치조미육제품의 정미성분은 IMP(160.9mg/100g)와 같은 핵산관련물질 및 Glu(179.4mg/100g), His(84.7mg/100g), Ala(54.4mg/100g), Leu(37.9mg/100g) 둥 유리아미노산이 정미성 및 양적으로 보아 주체를 이루고 있었고, 이 외에 total creatinine(158.3mg/100g), 미량의 TMAO, betaine 등으로 이루어져 있었다.

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말쥐치 스테이크가공조건(加工條件) 및 동결저장중(凍結貯藏中)의 품질안정성(品質安定性) (Processing Conditions and Quality Stability of Filefish Steak during Frozen Storage)

  • 전중균;정수열;하재호;박향숙;이응호
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.127-132
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    • 1984
  • 우리나라 연근해(沿近海)에서 많이 어획되고 있는 말쥐치. Navodon modestus를 이용하여 새로운 식품소재(食品素材)로 개발(開發)하기 위해 말쥐치 스테이크의 가공조건(加工條件)을 구명하고 동결저장중(凍結貯藏中) 제품품질(製品品質)에 미치는 대두단백질(大豆蛋白質)의 첨가효과(添加效果)를 검토(檢討)하였다. 말쥐치 냉동(檢討) 스테이크를 가공(加工)하기 위해서는 말쥐치육(肉)에 대해 탄산수소나트름 0.5%, 식염 1%, 중합인산염 0.2%. 글루탐산나트륨 0.2%, 설탕2.0%및 향신료로서 고추가루, 마늘가루 및 nutmeg을 각각 0.2%, 후추가루 0.4%를 첨가(添加)하여 고기갈이한 다음 $-3{\sim}-5{\cric}C$에서 2일간(日間) 저장(貯藏)하였다가 바로 동결저장(凍結貯藏)($-35^{\circ}C$)하는 것이 가장 좋았다. 또한, 제품(製品)에 대두단백질(大豆蛋白質)을 첨가(添加)함으로서 색조개선(色調改善), 유리드립 생성절제(生成切制), 지방산패억제(脂肪酸敗抑制) 및 텍스쳐 개선(改善) 등 품질개선효과(品質改善效果)를 얻을 수 있었으며 대두단백질(大豆蛋白質) 첨가량(添加量)은 어육(魚肉)에 대하여 5%가 적합하였다. 관능검사(官能檢査) 결과(結果)로도 말쥐치냉동(冷凍)스테이크의 품질(品質)은 동결저장중(凍結貯藏中)(90일(日)) 안전(安定)하게 유지되었다.

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