• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.47-59
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to explore decision making phenomenon of living kidney donation experienced by kidney donors. Data were collected through semi-structured indepth interviews from 12 kidney donors. All interviewes were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Constant comparative analysis was used to analyze the data with NUDIST4.0 software program. process have effects on the execution of kidney donation. Based on the degree of "wish to give", three distinct patterns were identified: Voluntary, compromising, and passive. The voluntary decision making was the most frequent one, while the passive the least. The degree of "wish to give" was influenced by intimacy between the donor and the receipient, geographical locations, economical efficiency of kidney transplantation, and religion. Each pattern was explained by describing interfering and facilitating factors as well as other issues occured in the decision making process. The results of this study will help nurses make effective nursing intervention by understanding the characteristics of decision-making patterns and decision-making process to donate a living kidney.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.33-47
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• 2014

Mobile devices are the most important equipment for accessing various kinds of services. These services are accessed using wireless signals, the same used for mobile calls. Today mobile services provide a fast and excellent way to access all kinds of information via mobile phones. Mobile service providers are interested to know the access behavior pattern of the users from different locations at different timings. In this paper, we have introduced an associated tree for analyzing user behavior patterns while moving from one location to another. We have used four different parameters, namely user, location, dwell time, and services. These parameters provide stronger frequent accessing patterns by matching joins. These generated patterns are valuable for improving web services, recommending new services, and predicting useful services for individuals or groups of users. In addition, an experimental evaluation has been conducted on simulated data. Finally, performance of the proposed approach has been measured in terms of efficiency and scalability. The proposed approach produces excellent results.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.941-949
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• 2010

The present study investigated the swimming pattern and appendage postures of a copepod species, Calanus sinicus, which prevails in the south-east sea of the Korean peninsula, by employing a digital holographic particle tracking velocimetry(PTV) technique. The results showed that the copepod Calanus sinicus had various swimming patterns such as hover, hop, sink, cruise, and downward cruise. Most frequent pattern was the 'hop and sink'. The average swimming speeds ranged from 1.1 to 45.7 body-lengths/s, and the corresponding flow Reynolds number ranged from $10^0$ to $10^2$.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.84 no.4
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• pp.255-262
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• 2021

Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated necrotizing vasculitis, which mainly affects small vessels in various organs, especially the lungs. The two key pulmonary manifestations, interstitial lung disease (ILD) and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), increase the morbidity and death rate of patients with MPA. ILD is more common in MPA than in other ANCA-associated vasculitis subsets and is primarily associated with myeloperoxidase-ANCA. Unlike alveolar hemorrhage due to pulmonary capillaritis, ILD can initially manifest as isolated pulmonary fibrosis. Of note, its most frequent radiographic pattern is the usual interstitial pneumonia pattern, similar to the characteristic pattern seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this review we present the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and radiographic and histopathologic features of ILD and DAH in MPA. We also briefly summarize the outcome and therapeutic options for the two conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.433-442
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to reveal the Korean learners' usage pattern of '의', the genitive particle, according to semantic classification, so that it can be referred to in determining the contents and methods of related education. The method of this study adopts a quantitative analysis using learners corpus established by National Institute of Korean Language. As a result of the analysis, as proficiency increases, the overall frequency of '의' increases and the number of meaning senses used increases. However, the frequency of errors also increases with it. As for the usage pattern of each sense, the meaning of 'ownership, belonging' is the most frequent, and followed by 'acting entity', 'kinship, social relations', and 'relationship(area)'. In conclusion, the meanings of 'acting subjects' and 'relationships(area) need to be supplemented with explicit education. Other meanings need to be discussed, and decisions should be made in consideration of learning purpose and proficiency.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2009

Intrusion detection is a process that identifies the attacks and responds to the malicious intrusion actions for the protection of the computer and the network resources. Due to the fast development of the Internet, the types of intrusions become more complex recently and need immediate and correct responses because the frequent occurrences of a new intrusion type rise rapidly. Therefore, to solve these problems of the intrusion detection systems, we propose a sequential pattern miner for analysis of the alert data in order to support intelligent and automatic detection of the intrusion. Sequential pattern mining is one of the methods to find the patterns among the extracted items that are frequent in the fixed sequences. We apply the prefixSpan algorithm to find out the alert sequences. This method can be used to predict the actions of the sequential patterns and to create the rules of the intrusions. In this paper, we propose an extended prefixSpan algorithm which is designed to consider the specific characteristics of the alert data. The extended sequential pattern miner will be used as a part of alert data analyzer of intrusion detection systems. By using the created rules from the sequential pattern miner, the HA(high-level alert analyzer) of PEP(policy enforcement point), usually called IDS, performs the prediction of the sequence behaviors and changing patterns that were not visibly checked.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.645-660
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• 2023

Objectives: This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) who received Korean medicine treatment. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to investigate sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and prescribed treatments. The clinical records of 192 patients who visited Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital for FD from May 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023, were analyzed. In addition, the distribution of pattern identification and symptom type according to body mass index (BMI), as well as prescription history, were analyzed. Results: As the degree of obesity increased, the proportion of Spleen-Qi deficiency pattern patients decreased (p=0.012), and the proportion of damp-phlegm pattern patients increased (p=0.000). Additionally, as the degree of obesity increased, the proportion of patients with excess differentiation increased (p=0.002). The PDS (Postprandial distress syndrome) symptom type was significantly more frequent in the underweight and normal groups than in the overweight and obese groups, and the EPS (Epigastric pain syndrome) symptom type was more frequent in the overweight and obese groups. Regardless of the type of pattern identification, the most frequently used prescriptions were Naesowhajung-tang, Hanshin Naeso-san, and Sojeokgunbi-hwan granule. Conclusion: This study analyzed the medical records of patients with FD to elucidate the use of Korean medicine treatments. Our study is meaningful in that we found that the distribution of pattern identification and symptom patterns are linked to the degree of obesity in FD patients and identified the tendency for herbal medicine treatments to be prescribed in clinical practice.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.471-477
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• 2018

As time changes, users change their interest. In this paper, we propose a method to provide suitable service for users by dynamically weighting service interests in the context of age, timing, and seasonal changes in ubiquitous environment. Based on the service history data presented to users according to the age or season, we also offer useful services by continuously adding the most recent service rules to reflect the changing of service interest. To do this, a set of services is considered as a transaction and each service is considered as an item in a transaction. And also we represent the association of services in a graph and extract frequent service items that refer to the latest information services for users.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2004

Sleep is associated with definite changes in respiratory function in normal human beings. During sleep, there is loss of voluntary control of breathing and a decrease in the usual ventilatory response to both low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels. Especially, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a distinct neurophysiological state associated with significant changes in breathing pattern and ventilatory control as compared with both wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. REM sleep is characterized by erratic, shallow breathing with irregularities both in amplitude and frequency owing to marked reduction in intercostal and upper airway muscle activity. These blunted ventilatory responses during sleep are clinically important. They permit marked hypoxemia that occurs during REM sleep in patients with lung or chest wall disease. In addition, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is more frequent and longer and hypoventilation is more pronounced during REM sleep. Although apneic episodes are most frequent and severe during REM sleep, most adults spend less than 20 to 25% of total sleep time in REM sleep. It is, therefore, possible for patients to have frequent apneas and hypopneas during REM sleep and still have a normal apnea-hypopnea index if the event-rich REM periods are diluted by event-poor periods of NREM sleep. In this review, we address respiratory physiology according to sleep stage, and the clinical implications of SDB and hypoventilation aggravated during REM sleep.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.499-504
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic indicators which are used for the identification of fire-heat pattern in stroke patients. For evaluation of diagnostic indicator, we analyzed the indicators which are composed of symptoms and signs collected from stroke patients based on the clinical records using case report form (CRF). Patients had a first-ever stroke within 1 month after the onset of stroke. Pattern identification was performed and decided by two independent physicians. Two patient groups that consist of fire-heat pattern and the other patterns were compared to isolate important indicators affecting the fire-heat pattern identification of stroke patients. The 8 indicators among 16 fire-heat pattern indicators were significantly more frequent compared with non fire-heat pattern group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that 5 indicators among fire-heat indicators were significantly sensitive indicators being capable of identification of fire-heat pattern. But two of them was from the indicators of dampness-phlegm pattern and yin deficiency pattern. Therefore, further studies are required for the development of Korean standard indicators of Fire-heat pattern identification.