• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.265-277
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• 1996

Jwagyuyeum and Woogyuyeum, being known to reinforce Kidney-yin and -yang, were tested for the effects of on free radical generating enzyme and lipid peroxidation in rat's kidney. In vitro, levels of lipid peroxide in tissues of brain were proportionally decreased to concentration of extracts prepared from Jwagyuyeum and Woogyuyeum. They were much more decreased, when lipid peroxidation was induced with ferrous iron (Fe+2), In vivo, after both herbs were administered to the rat, levels of lipid peroxide in kidney were decreased only in Jwagyuyeum. The enzyme activities and the ratio of type conversion of xanthine oxidase were decreased only in Jwagyuyeum. But, We can't see special changes in Woogyuyeum. The enzyme activities of aldehyde oxidase was lowered in both herbs, especially Jwagyuyeum was much more done. These results suggest that Jwagyuyeum and Woogyuyeum decrease the activities of free radical generating enzymes such as xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase which form lipid peroxide.

• 생약학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 1985

Lipid and fatty acid compositions of free lipids and bound lipids from fresh ginseng, red ginseng and white ginseng were studied by means of silicic acid column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. Free lipid and bound lipid contents in those three samples were 1.21 to 1.45% and 0.32 to 0.45%. Neutral lipid fractions in free lipids from the samples were 76.6 to 79.7%, while glycolipid and phospholipid fractions were 11.6 to 14.7% and 8.5 to 8.7%, respectively. The major lipids were triglycerides, sterol esters and hydrocarbons, diglycerides and free sterols in neutral lipids, sterol glucoside, monogalactosyl diglyceride, esterified steryl glycoside, digalactosyl diglyceride in glycolipids and phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl inositol in phospholipids. Fourteen kinds of even numbered and four kinds of odd numbered fatty acids were identified in the four lipid fractions (TL, NL, GL and PL) by GLC, and the main fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.381.2-381.2
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• 2002

There is now increasing evidence that free radicals and active oxygen species are involved in a variety of pathological events. often associated with ageing. Free radical-mediated cell damage and free radical attack on polyunsaturated fatty acids result in the formation of lipid radicals. These lipid radicals react readily with molecular oxygen to produce peroxy radicals responsible for initiating lipid peroxidation. The peroxidation of cellular membrane lipid can lead to cell necrosis and considered to be implicated in a number of pathophysiological conditions as well as in the toxicity of many xenobiotics. (omitted)

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.204-212
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• 1985

Lipid and fatty acid compositions of the bound lipids in Panax quinquefolium (Korea, Japan and China), Panax quinquefolium (America, Canada) and Panax notoginseng (China) were studied by means of silicic acid column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. The could lipid contents in various ginsengs were 0.29 to 0.48%, in which neutral lipid fractions were 63.6 to 67.3%, glycolipid fractions 21.9 to 25.7% and phospholipid fractions 7.7 to 12.4%. The content compositions of neutral lipid fractions were lower and those of glycolipid and phospholipid fractions were higher in the bound lipids than in the free lipids from the various ginseng. The major components were fatty acids, diglycerides and free sterols in neutral lipid fractions, monogalactosyl diglyceride, sterol glucoside and esterified steryl g1ycoside in glycolipid fractions and phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidic acid in phosphoipid fractions. Seventeen fatty acids were analyzed in the four bound lipid fractions from the various ginsengs and main fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid. Total saturated fatty acid and palmitic acid contents were higher and total unsaturated fatty acid and linoleic acid contents lower in the total bound lipids than in the total free lipids from the various ginsengs.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.381.3-382
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• 2002

Free radical-mediated cell damage and free radical attack on polyunsaturated fatty acids result in the formation of lipid radicals. These lipid radicals react readily with molecular oxygen to produce peroxy radicals responsible for initiating lipid peroxidation. The peroxidation of cellular membrane lipid can lead to cell necrosis and considered to be implicated in a number of pathophysiological conditions as well as in the toxicity of many xenobiotics. DPPH is known to abstract labile hydrogen and the ability to scavenge the DPPH radical is related to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. (omitted)

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2002

Present communication deals with quantitative determination of total lipid, triglycerides, total free fatty acids, phospholipids and total cholesterol in the fat body tissue of the silkworm adapted to low and high temperatures. At the end of spinning process is characterized by a marked cellular reorganization of the different lipid fraction of the fat body irrespective of thermal acclimation. Accordingly, the per cent composition of triglycerides of the total lipid is increased accompanied by a corresponding decrease in free fatty acids, phospholipids and cholesterol.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.74-79
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• 1976

국내에서 다수확품종으로 육성된 Indica형 장려품종인 통일미(米)와 Japonica형 재래 장려품종인 진흥미(米)를 $5^{\circ}C$와 $30^{\circ}C$에 6개월 저장한 후 기호특성(嗜好特性) 및 지질(脂質)성분의 변화를 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 최적가수율로 취반(炊飯)한 미반(米飯)의 texture특성은 어느 경우에나 저장에 의하여 hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess의 증가와 adhesiveness의 감소를 보였으며, 관능검사 결과는 두 품종이 모두 $5^{\circ}C$에 저장한 경우는 별 이상이 없었으나, $30^{\circ}C$에 저장한 경우 고미취(古米臭)가 발생하였고 진흥미의 경우 끈기가 현저히 감소하였다. 저장전 시료에서 지질(脂質)을 분별추출한 결과, 유리지질(遊離脂質)은 결합지질(結合脂質)의 5배나 되었으며 통일미는 진흥미의 $70{\sim}80%$에 해당하였다. 저장중 결합지질은 소량씩 증가 하는 경향이 있었으나, 유리지질은 $5^{\circ}C$저장의 경우 두 품종이 모두 증가하는 경향을 보인 반면 $30^{\circ}C$ 저장의 경우 통일미에서는 증가하나 진흥미에서는 감소하는 경향이 있었다. 저장 전 시료에서 추출정제한 유리지질에서는 triglyceride, free fatty acid, sterol ester를 주성분으로 하는 9개 성분을 확인하였고, 결합지질에서는 free fatty acid, sterol ester를 주성분으로 하는 8개 성분을 확인하였다. 저장중 유리지질은 결합지질보다 그리고 진흥미는 통일미보다 지질성분의 변화가 더욱 심하였다. 결국 통일미는 진흥미보다 저장성이 우수하며 저장중 변질(變質)은 주로 유리지질에서 발생함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.373-378
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• 2010

In order to develop a topical preparation which has a high occlusive property with skin moisturization, nano-structured lipid carrier (NLC) systems along with solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) were designed. Various NLC dispersions were successfully formulated with Compritol 888 ATO as a solid lipid, Labrafil M 1944 CS as an oil, and Tween 80 as a surfactant. The increase of oil content (5 to 50%) led to the decrease in the occlusion factor in the order of SLN > NLC-5 > NLC-15 = NLC-30 > NLC-50. Particle size of lipid particulates was in the range of 100 to 160 nm. NLC-based carbogels were prepared by the employment of humectants such as urea, glycerin, and Tinocare GL to carbomer gel. NLC-30 gel formulations containing 4 or 8 % of lipid particles showed improved occlusive effect in vitro, compared to NLC-free gel base. Even though NLC-free gel base revealed comparable occlusion effect by itself, the occlusion factor of 4 % NLC-30 gel was about 2-fold higher than that of NLC-free gel base.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.291-300
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• 1990

The lipid compositions including fatty acid sterol lipid class and the lipid component of the total lipid extracted from the flesh of some fresh water fishes I. e. mandarin cornet cat fish and Korean perch were compared. The levels of total lipid of flesh tissues from the fresh water fishes were high(7.4%) in cat fish but low(1.4-2.2%) in mandarin fish Korean perch and cornet fish. On the contrary the content of unsaponifiable matters found in total lipid was low(2.6%) in cat fish but high(6.0%-6.5%) in mandarin fish Korean perch and cornet fish. Total lipids were mainly composed of triglyceride(74.6-86.5%) as major component in each sample and the other lipid components of total lipid e. g. polar lipid free fatty acids and free sterol were the minor components, The major fatty acids in total lipid of each sample were{{{{ {C }_{16 { }:_{ }0 } }}}}(19.6-29.2%) {{{{ {C }_{16 { }:_{ }1 } }}}}(17.3-30.7%) and {{{{ {C }_{18 { }:_{ }1 } }}}}(16.8-29.2%) and additionally it chiefly consisted of {{{{ {C }_{14 { }:_{ }0 } }}}} and {{{{ {C }_{18 { }:_{ }2 } }}}} Particularly the contents of polyenoic acids in total lipid of cat fish were higher than those of the other fish samples. The level of cholesterol in total lipid was low (8.3mg/g) in cat fish but were high(36.9-59.9mg/g) in mandarin fish Korean perch and cornet fish. The contents of fractionated neutral lipid(NL) were higher than those of polar lipid(PL) in each sample. Particularly phospholipid content in PL was low(6.0%) in cat fish but were high(23.1-36.3%) in mandarin fish Korean perch and cornet fish. Neutral lipids were mainly consisted of triglyceride(84.5-93.4%) as amjor component in each sample and the other lipid components of neutral lipid e, g, free fatty acids and free wterol were exhibited as a minor components, The fatty acid compositon of neutral lipids was very resembled to total lipids. The phospholipid in mandarin cornet and cat-fish were mainly composed of phosphatidyl serine(23.1-49.8%) and phosphatidyl choline(20.8-45.3%) The relatively higher amounts of phosphatidyl serine were observed in mandarine cornet and cat-fist than in Korean perch, But phosphatidyl ethanolamine(42.3%) and phosphatidyl choline (49.9%) were the main phospholipid in Korean perch. The extraordinary high content of phos-phatidyl ethanolamine compared to other fishes was characteristics in phospholipid composition of Korean perch. The major fatty acids in phospholipid of each sample were {{{{ {C }_{16 { }:_{ }0 } }}}} (38.3-46.5%) {{{{ {C}_{18 { }:_{ }0 } }}}}(14.2-21.7) and C16:1(11.6-13.8%) and additionally it chiefly consisted of C18:2, C18:0 and C17:0 The major fatty acids in glycolipid of each sample were C16:0(28.8-40.1%) C18:1(5.4-29.9%) C18:0(5.1-28.9%) and C16:1(8.2-20.1%) and additio-nally it chiefly consisted of C14:0 and C20:1.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 1985

자연계로 부터 지질생산 균주, Penicillium sp.을 분리하였다. 이 균의 최적 지질생산 조건은 탄소원으로 포도당 6%, 질소원으로 ammonium nitrate, 배양기간 17일, C:N ratio 200, 배양 초기pH 4.0, 진탕배양(100 rpm), $35^{\circ}C$이었고 이때 생산된 균체량은 2.26g/200ml, 지질함량은 64.2%. 지질생성률 13.7g이었다. 최적 지질생산 조건에서 생산된 지질 중에 비극성 지질의 함량은 92.2%, 극성 지질은 7.8%이었다. 비극성 지질의 조성은 free fatty acid, free sterol, partical glyceride, triglyceride이며 이들중 triglyceried가 72.0%로 대부분을 차지하고 있다. 총지질의 주요 지방산은 oleic acid 53.3%, linoleic acid 21.6%, plamitic acid 20.1%로 oleic acid가 가장 많이 존재하며 이들 주요 지방산이 전체 지방산의 90%이상을 차지하고 있다. 식물성 유지인 땅콩 olive oil의 지방산 조성과 비슷한 경향을 나타내고 있다.