• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.271-274
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• 2023

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been reported to possess various beneficial properties and are commonly used as probiotics. LAB play a crucial role in milk fermentation, industrial lactic acid fermentation, and health and medicine. Limosilactobacillus fermentum isolated from fermented dairy and food products is considered as 'Generally Recognized as Safe' by FDA. Limosilactobacillus fermentum plays an important role in modulation of the intestinal microbiota, enhancing the host immune system and improving feed digestibility. We isolated a probiotic candidate that was identified and named Limosilactobacillus fermentum JNU532. In a previous report, cell-free culture of L. fermentum JNU532 exhibited anti-melanogenic and antioxidant activities. In this study, we present the complete genome assembly of the bacterial strain JNU532. The final genome consists of one circular chromosome (2,077,416 base pairs) with a guanine + cytosine (GC) ratio of 51.5%.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2022

This study was conducted to determine whether there is a significant relationship between board structure and board committee qualities and corporate cash holdings in Pakistan. For this objective, 168 listed enterprises on the PSX for the period 2016 to 2020 were chosen as a sample from a population of 436 non-financial firms. Multiple regression analysis was used in the study to discover a relationship between board structure and board committee features and cash holdings. The study's findings revealed that board size, executive directors, and board independence have no significant impact on the firm's cash holding because they play no important part in the firm's cash holding. Auditors, audit committee size, audit committee meetings, and the compensation committee, on the other hand, have no major impact on the firm's cash holdings because they are not relevant indicators to compare with cash holdings. While board meeting frequency and leadership structure both have a negative influence on cash holding, board meeting frequency increases firm costs, whereas leadership structure causes agency problems. Results were supported by the pecking order theory, cash flow theory, and agency theory.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.572-582
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• 2023

Background: Free fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity is considered to play an important role in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. The effect of ginsenosides on palmitic acid-induced pancreatic beta-cells cell death and failure of glucose-stimulated secretion of insulin (GSIS) was evaluated in this study. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for a rat insulin was used to quantify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Protein expression was examined by western blotting analysis. Nuclear condensation was measured by staining with Hoechst 33342 stain. Apoptotic cell death was assessed by staining with Annexin V. Oil Red O staining was used to measure lipid accumulation. Results: We screened ginsenosides to prevent palmitic acid-induced cell death and impairment of GSIS in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells and identified protopanaxadiol (PPD) as a potential therapeutic agent. The protection effect of PPD was likely due to a reduction in apoptosis and lipid accumulation. PPD attenuated the palmitic acid-induced increase in the levels of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X/B-cell lymphoma 2, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, PPD prevented palmitic acid-induced impairment of insulin secretion, which was accompanied by an increase in the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, insulin receptor substrate-2, serine-threonine kinase, and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the protective effect of PPD on lipotoxicity and lipid accumulation induced by palmitic acid in pancreatic β-cells.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2010

본 논문은 부지응답해석 및 실내시험에 기초한 지하공간 내진설계 개념을 제안하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 설계응답 스펙트럼 및 가속도시간이력과 같은 입력운동의 통제점 위치와 기반암 가정물성이 내진설계에 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 본 연구결과를 통해 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 통제점 위치에 따른 지표면 자유장운동, 기반암운동 또는 암반노두운동 지반운동 변화를 합리적으로 모델링 할 수 있는 적절한 지반응답 모델을 이용하면 지진하중을 받는 지하공간의 합리적인 경계조건을 모사할 수 있고 현실적인 내진설계가 가능하다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.1311-1337
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• 2010

This paper deals with one of the hottest debates in the history of the Association for Asian American Studies (AAAS) since its inception in the late 1960s. In 1998 at Hawai'i, the AAAS awarded Lois-Ann Yamanaka its Fiction Award for her novel Blu's Hanging, only to have this award protested. The point at issue was the inappropriate representation of Filipino American characters called "Human Rats" in the novel. This event divided the association into two groups: one criticizing the novel for the problematic portrayal of Filipinos in colonial Hawai'i, and the other defending it from the criticism in the name of aesthetic freedom. Such a "crisis of representation" in Asian American identity reflects on the ways in which local Hawaiians are positioned in the complicate power dynamic between oppositional Hawaiian identity and cosmopolitan diasporic identity within the larger framework of Asian American pan-ethnic identity. The controversial event triggered the eruption of Asian Americans' anxiety over the identity-bounded nation of Asian America where intra-racial classism and conflict have been at play, which are primary themes of Blu's Hanging. This paper shows how Yamanaka's Blu's Hanging becomes so disturbing a work to prevent the hegemonic formality of Asian America identity from being fully dogmatic. Ultimately, it contradicts the political unconscious of the reading public and unmasked its false consciousness by engendering a "free subjective intervention" in the ideological reality of colonial Hawai'i.

• 천문학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2023

We investigated an emerging magnetic loop dynamically formed on the Sun, which has the effective footpoint heating source that may play a key role in heating a solar atmosphere with free magnetic energy in it. It is suggested that the heating source could be related to local compression of a plasma in the emerging loop by means of Lorentz force, which converts the magnetic energy to the internal energy of the plasma that is used to reaccelerate a decelerated downflow along the loop, eventually generating the source when the kinetic energy of the downflow is thermalized. By analyzing very high-cadense data obtained from a magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we demonstrate how the local compression is activated to trigger the generation of the heating source. This reveals a characteristic of the emerging loop that experiences a dynamic loop-loop interaction, which causes the local compression and makes the plasma gain the internal energy converted from the magnetic energy in the atmosphere. What determines the characteristic that could distinguish an illuminated emerging loop from a nonilluminated one is discussed.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.59-81
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• 2024

Objective: This study aims to explore the intra-action between infants and picture book reading in a daycare setting, aiming to gain new insight into infants' reading experiences. Methods: The participants in the study were 12 infants from the Bluebird Class (1-year-old) at A Daycare Center. To comprehensively examine the context and flow of the infants' experiences, participant observation was conducted during free play sessions, held three to five times a week, in the morning, from December 19, 2022, to February 17, 2023. Results: Firstly, infants engaged in the intra-action with symbols such as text, images, lines, colors, and latent narratives in picture books, spontaneously encountering meaning-making. Secondly, they explored the potential of materials such as their own bodies, the dacare classroom environment, and blocks, creating narratives through the process of 'becoming'. Thirdly, infants generated shared experiences by creating interactions within their relationships with others in the daycare class. Conclusion/Implications: This study highlights a shift in perspective, recognizing infants as active readers who construct their own understanding. Additionally, it underscores the significance of cultivating an infant-centered environment and the meaningful role of teachers in supporting and facilitating such an environment.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2024

In the last decade, melatonin has gained recognition as a potent scavenger and an effective antioxidant capable of neutralizing free radicals, including reactive oxygen species. Additionally, it exhibits anti-apoptotic properties. In this review, we will examine a compilation of articles that explore the cellular signaling function of melatonin on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and adjacent cells such as Sertoli and Leydig cells. These cells play a crucial role in the proliferation of SSCs both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we analyze the function of melatonin in the proliferation of SSCs from other aspects. For this purpose, we examine the articles based on the presence of melatonin on SSCs in four groups: As a supplement in SSCs medium culture, SSCs three-dimensional culture system, SSCs freezing medium, and as a therapeutic factor in vivo. Mechanisms of growth and proliferation of SSCs were considered. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effects of melatonin as a powerful antioxidant or growth stimulant for SSCs, both in vivo and in vitro.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.255-263
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• 1977

젓갈은 우리나라에서 옛부터 즐겨 먹어온 수산발효식품(水産醱酵食品)으로서 우리나라 고유(固有)의 젓갈이 많지만, 이에 대한 상세(詳細)한 연구보고(硏究報告)는 의외(意外)로 적다. 본(本) 실험(實驗)에서는 꼴뚜기젓의 정미성분(呈味成分)을 밝히기 위하여 선도(鮮度) 좋은 꼴뚜기를 원료(原料)로써 젓갈 숙성(熟成) 중의 핵산(核酸) 관련물질(關聯物質), 유리아미노산(酸), TMAO, TMA 및 betaine의 변화(變化)를 실험(實驗)하였다. 꼴뚜기젓 숙성(熟成) 중 ADP, AMP 및 inosine은 현저히 감소(減少)하는 반면(反面) hypoxanthine은 급증(急增)하여 숙성(熟成) 91일(日) 후(後)에는 건물량기준(乾物量基準) $9.3{\mu}mole/g$로서 원료(原料)에 비(比)하여 3.9배(倍) 증가(增加)하였다. 원료(原料)의 유리아미노산(酸) 조성(組成)을 보면, 함량(含量)이 많은 것은 Pro, Tau이고 다음이 Ala, Arg, Ser, Glu, Lys, Gly, Leu 및 Val이며, 함량(含量)이 적은 것은 Phe, Met. Tyr, Ileu, His의 순(順)이었다. 함량(含量)이 특(特)히 많은 아미노산(酸)의 전(全) 유리아미노산(酸)에 대한 비율(比率)을 보면, Pro 40.2%, Tau 32.0%로서 이들 2종(種)의 아미노산(酸)이 72.2%를 차지하였고, 엑스분질소(分窒素) 중 전(全)유리아미노산질소(酸窒素)가 차지하는 비율(比率)도 64.9%로서 높은 편이었다. 꼴뚜기젓 숙성(熟成) 중 유리아미노산(酸)의 양적(量的) 변화(變化)는 있으나 조성(組成)에는 변화(變化)가 없었다. 꼴뚜기젓의 유리아미노산(酸) 중 함량(含量)이 많은 것은 Pro, Leu, Lys, Ser, Arg, Ala, Val이고, Ileu, Phe, Met등도 상당히 많았으며, Glu, His등은 함량(含量)이 적었고 Tau과 Tyr은 흔적량에 불과(不過)하였다. betaine은 젓의 숙성(熟成)과 더불어 증가(增加)하기 시작하여 숙성(熟成) 91일(日)까지 증가(增加)하다가 그 후(後) 약간 감소(減少)하였다. TMAO는 숙성(熟成) 중 감소(減少)하는 반면(反面) TMA는 증가(增加)하였다. 63일간(日間) 숙성(熟成)시킨 꼴뚜기젓에는 건물량기준(乾物量基準)으로 TMAO질소(窒素)가 432.3mg%로서 상당히 많은 함량(含量)이었다. 꼴뚜기젓의 정미성분(呈味成分)으로서는 Pro, Leu, Ser, Lys, Arg, Ala, Val, Ileu, Phe, Met 및 Gly등과 같은 유리아미노산(酸)과 단맛을 가진 betaine, TMAO 그리고 핵산(核酸) 관련물질(關聯物質)로서는 hypoxanthine등이 중요(重要)한 정미성분(呈味成分)이라는 결론(結論)을 얻었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.319-327
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• 1994

연구배경: 폐포-모세혈관 투과성의 증가에 의한 폐부종을 특징으로하는 성인성 호홉곤란증후군(ARDS)의 발병기전은 아직 명확히 밝혀져 있지 않다. 폐포-모세혈관 투과성의 증가는 폐 혈관 내피세포의 손상에 의한 것으로 알려져 있어 폐포-모세혈관 투과성 증가의 기전을 이해하기 위해서는 폐혈관 내피세포 손상의 기전을 규명하는 것이 필요하다. 혈관 내피세포 손상은 주로 활성화된 호중구에서 분비된 염증매개성 물질에 의한다고 생각되고 있다. 그러나 최근 들어 내피세포 손상에서 호중구와 무관한 새로운 기전의 존재를 시사하는 결과들이 알려지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 호중구나 활성화된 보체의 도움없이 내독소만에 의해 혈관 내피세포의 손상이 발생하는 지, 내독소에 의해 혈관 내피세포에서 산소기가 유리되는 지를 관찰하고, 이것이 혈관 내피세포의 손상에 관여하는지를 규명하고자 하였다. 방법: 내독소가 호중구의 도움없이 혈관 내피세포에 손상을 가져오는지를 관찰하기 위해 내독소 투여후 세포독성지표를 측정하였다. 이때 산소기가 관여하는지를 평가하기 위해 여러 항산화제로 전처치한 후 내독소에 의한 세포독성을 측정하였다. 다음 단계로 내독소에 의한 혈관 내피세포에서의 산소기 분비 유무를 관찰하고자 내독소 처치후 배양액내의 과산화수소 농도를 측정하였다. 마지막으로 과산화수소의 세포독성 유무를 관찰하고자 과산화수소 처치후 세포독성검사를 시행하였다. 모든 실험에서 일차 배양한 HUVE의 제4세대 계대배양 세포를 사용하였고 세포독성검사는 51Cr유리법을 사용하였다. 결과: 1) 내독소 단독 처치시 혈관 내피세포의 손상이 관찰되었는데, 이는 용량-반응관계를 보였다. 2) 내독소에 의한 혈관 내피세포의 손상은 catalase와 DMTU에 의하여 각각 유의하게 억제되었다. 3) 내독소에 의해 혈관 내피세포로 부터 과산화수소가 용량-반응관계를 보이면서 분비되었다. 4) 과산화수소는 혈관 내피세포독성을 보이고 이는 catalase와 DMTU 전처치로 완화되었다. 결론: 내독소는 단독으로 혈관 내피세포독성을 보이며 이때 혈관 내피세포에서 분비된 산소기가 세포독성에 관여할 것으로 생각된다.