• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine whether cementitious powder separated from waste concrete can be used as an alternative raw material to limestone and reduce the usage of natural resource (limestone) and $CO_2$ emission based on recycling cementitious powder from waste concrete. Experiments actually analyzed the chemical composition of cementitious powder and performed hyperthermia analysis, measurement of free CaO and XRD analysis to measure the degree of recovery of hydration in the model of cementitious powder manufactured based on chemical composition. These were performed in each cementitious powder model at different calcination temperatures such as $900^{\circ}C$, $1200^{\circ}C$, $1300^{\circ}C$, $1400^{\circ}C$ and $1450^{\circ}C$. Through the experiments, it was found that the recovery of hydration was at a level which can be used as the alternative raw material for limestone, but the replacement ratio was directly affected by the degree of mixing of fine aggregate in less than $150{\mu}m$, which cannot be separated from cementitious powder. It was shown that there was no difference in the production of compounds involved in hydration at calcination temperatures of $1200^{\circ}C$ or higher. Therefore, to pursue the replacement of limestone and reduction of greenhouse gas by recycling cementitious powder, the development of technology to efficiently separate aggregate fine powder is required.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.158-163
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• 1995

This study was surveyed and compiled the contribution about acorn in korea .the physico-chemical properties of acorn and acorn starch. preparation of acorn starch and elimination of the acorn tannin, the rheological properties of acorn starch gel. Nutrition of acorn and antioxidative activity of tannin in acorn extract. The result obtained were as follow. 1. The chemical compositions of acorn were water 6.5∼13.7%, crude ash 1.9∼3.4%, crude fat 1.1∼5.0%, crude protein 5.8∼7.8%, crude fiber 2.1∼3.6%, N-free extract 71∼77.5%, total tannin 4.6∼9.3%, Ca 92.7∼460.9mg%, p 80.0∼740.9mg%, Na 66.2∼93.9 mg%, and K 867.9∼983.1mg%. 2. The acorn tannin was extracted with water, acetone, and ethanol. The generation method was wash SE settling method with water. 3. The shape of acorn starch granule was rounded triangular and some elliptical, rasing power 12.4∼12.5, Blue value 0.43∼0.47, Alkali number 10.8∼11.3, Amount of Arnylose 28.8∼30.50% Tannin contents on the initial go tim-zation temperature of acorn starch were not influenced but maximum and cooling viscosity o the acorn starch were decreased. 4. Nutritional effect and diet absorption rate were not influence, by rice and 20% T-A(elimination of tannin from the acorn) mixed diet, and the content of lipid in s rum were not influenced by rice 40% and T-A (elimination of tannin from the acorn) mixed diet. 5. jallic acid, digallic acid, gallotannin were contained in acorn powder extract. The main antioxidative : stlvity was speculated due to the gallic acid.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.701-707
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Ge(germanium) treatment on rice quality. Rice samples were divided into the following treatment groups: control(CON: cultivated without Ge), Ge-1(cultivated with 200 kg of rough stone powder containing 1.6 mg/kg germanium per 10 ha), and Ge-2(cultivated with 500 kg of rough stone powder containing 1.6 mg/kg germanium per 10 ha). The mean total Ge level in the Ge-2 sample was 20.47 ppb. The levels of Ca and Na in the Ge-2 rice increased by 65.12 and 110.28%, respectively, when compared to the control, whereas the Zn, Mn, Fe, Mg and K content decreased by 11.44~30.50%. No significant difference in the percentage weight of C and O was observed among samples. The order of the percentage weight of P, S, and Cl was Ge-2>Ge-1>CON. The free amino acids were higher in samples from the Ge-1 and Ge-2 groups than in samples from the control. The GABA($\gamma$-aminobutyric acid) amount in the Ge-2 products was significantly high compared to other groups. The micro structure of Ge-2 showed a firmer network than the control and had a macroporous structure. Conversely, the Ge-2 products had higher scores for stickiness, hardness and overall taste when compared to the other groups. These results suggest that rice treated with rough stone powder containing germanium can be used in the production of commercially-desired functional rice.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.70-76
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• 1987

The effect of C12A7 and OH group on the synthesis of C3A by the sol-gel process using aluminum-sec-butoxide and calcium nitrate was studied. C3A by sol-gel method was compared with C3A obtained by the conventional method with respect to their reactivity of formation and crystal size. The sol-gel process for initial formation of C12A7 and C3A at lower temperature (1100, 1200$^{\circ}C$) was superior, but that for complete crystallization of C3A at higher temperature (1300, 1400$^{\circ}C$) was inferior to oxide mixture process. When heat treated under the atmosphere oxygen-free dried nitrogen eliminate the influence of OH group in C12A7, the reactivity of C3A from sol-gel sample incorporated OH group were poor, whereas that from oxide mixture sample showed remarkable effect. The poor crystallization of C3A at higher temperature is presumed to be due to the fact that incorporated OH group in C12A7 formed at lowr temperature might interrupt the diffusion of CaO to C12A7 to from C3A. The crystal size and the hydration characteristics of both C3A obtained by different processes exhibited almost the same results.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.338-345
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• 2023

Bacillus spp. and Saccharomyces spp. are effective microorganisms that are applied as microbial fertilizers for crops in Korea. Mixed organic fertilizer (MOF) has been used in the Korean organic agriculture to supply nutrients to crops. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of MOF containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HSOB-7 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae HSOB-8 (MOFBS) on the soil chemical properties and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Growth factors of lettuce were higher after applying different formulation types of MOFBS, such as powder and pellet, than those of NF, and not significantly different than those of control (microbe-free MOF). Compared with the control, application of recommended amount of MOFBS (MOFBS 250 kg/10a, MOFBS treatment) and double the recommended amount (MOFBS 500 kg/10a, 2MOFBS treatment) did not significantly change the growth factors of lettuce. After the application of two formulation types or two different amounts of MOFBS, soil chemical properties such as electrical conductivity, organic matter (OM), exchangeable Ca, and cation exchangeable cation (CEC) increased. These results indicated that although the application of MOFBS improved soil fertility including OM and CEC, it did not significantly affect lettuce growth.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2024

Slags from steel-making industry have been recycled at a target rate of 95% and most of them are recycled as media-contact type such as fill and cover materials in Korea. However, as they contain free phase CaO during their generation, they may not only expand and collapse upon contact with water, but high pH leachate and heavy metals leaching may occur. In this study, the Korean leaching procedure (KLP) and up-flow percolation test were performed for the samples collected from 17 steel-making production plants in Korea. The waste quality criteria were met in all tests, but pH of the samples was above 10. There are no regulations on the pH of leachate in most of the countries, however, Germany, Italy, and Australia have set a pH range of 10 to 13 for the leachates. Although slag leachate cannot be considered hazardous based only on its high pH, it is necessary to reduce the pH of leachate to minimize the impact on the surrounding environment. Furthermore, conflicting regulations on wastes handling and management in Korea created confusion on the types of wastes subject to recycling. Therefore, an appropriate management plan for steel-making slags needs to be established. To this end, this study attempted to provide a guideline for managing steel-making slag waste by considering international guidelines and current management practices in Korea.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2008

목 적 : 기관지폐이형성을 가진 미숙아에서 젖병 수유(nutritive sucking) 시 산소포화도 저하를 알아보고 저하 정도의 차이가 수유 상태 및 단기 성장 예후에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방 법 : 2002년부터 2007년까지 6년간 가톨릭의대 부속 성모병원에서 출생하여 신생아 집중 치료실에 입원한 미숙아의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하여 기관지폐이 형성으로 진단된 미숙아 중에서 심장, 위장관계 및 호흡 기계의 주요 기형이 없었던 34명을 대상으로 하였다. 재태주령 36주되는 시기에 관찰한 젖병 수유에 따른 산소 포화도의 저하 정도에 따라서 산소포화도 저하가 없거나 경한 14명(A군)과 중등도 이상의 산소포화도의 저하를 보였던 20명(B군)의 임상적 특성, 수유 상태 및 성장을 비교 분석하였다. 수유 시 산소포화도가 저하되는 정도는 경증(85-89%), 중등도(81-84%), 중증(${\leq}$80%)으로 나누었다. 결 과 : B군이 A군에 비하여 출생 시 체중이 더 작고, 이른 재태주령에 출생하였으며, 입원기간이 길었고, 늦은 재태주령 시기에 퇴원하였으며, 인공환기 및 산소요법 기간이 더 길었다. B군은 A군보다 젖병 수유를 늦게 시작하였으며, 수유 전 산소포화도는 차이가 없었으나 젖병 수유 시 산소포화도의 저하 정도가 심했다. 재태주령 40주되는 시점에 수유곤란을 경험한 영아는 B군에 더 많았고, 평균 체중 및 평균 성장 속도도 B군에서 A군보다 유의하게 낮았다. 그러나, 교정연령 4개월 시점에는 수유곤란을 경험한 영아의 수, 평균 체중, 성장 속도 등에 있어서 양군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 기관지 폐 이형성을 가진 미숙아에서 젖병 수유에 의하여 유발되는 산소포화도 저하가 중등도 이상인 경우 수유 곤란 및 성장 부진과 연관이 있으나 그 적용기간은 4개월 미만이었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2012

천년초(Opuntia humifusa)에 존재하는 점질다당의 새로운 이용방안을 모색하기 위해 천년초로부터 다당을 분리하여 면역자극활성을 측정하였다. 천년초의 주요 다당 CNC-E는 상업용 효소처리, 물 추출 및 ethanol 침전을 거쳐 조제하고 이들의 특성을 검토하였다. CNC-E는 분자량 약 700 kDa의 다당체로, 구성당 조성을 확인한 결과, arabinose, galactose 및 xylose를 높은 비율로 함유하고 있었으며 rhamnose와 fucose를 미량 함유하고 있었다. 한편 CNC-E는 비장세포 유래 림프구에 대해서는 비교적 높은 증식활성을 농도 의존적으로 나타냈다. CNC-E로 자극한 macrophage는 IL-6, IL-12, IL-10 및 TNF-${\alpha}$와 같은 cytokine의 생산을 농도 의존적으로 증진시켰으며 CNC-E를 mouse에 정맥 주사한 후 얻어진 NK세포는 Yac-1 종양 세포주에 대한 높은 치사작용을 보였다. 특히 CNC-E를 mouse 당 $100{\mu}g$ 처리한 후 얻어진 NK세포는 미처리 대조군에 비해 3배 높은 치사활성을 나타냈다. CNC-E는 인체 초기 면역반응에 있어 중요한 역할을 담당하는 보체계에 대하여 농도 의존적인 활성을 나타냈으며, anti-human C3를 이용한 면역전기영동실험과 $Ca^{2+}$이온이 제거된 상태에서의 항보체 활성 실험을 통해 천년초 다당 CNC-E는 고전경로와 부경로를 모두 경유하여 활성을 나타내고 있음을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 한국산 선인장 천년초에는 인체에 유익한 면역 활성 다당체를 다량 함유함을 알 수 있었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1081-1087
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• 2009

본 연구는 감귤껍질 첨가 사료를 급여한 닭고기의 성분조성을 검토하기 위하여 실시하였다. 닭고기는 초기, 중기 및 후기 모두 감귤껍질을 첨가하지 않은 육계용 배합사료로 사육한 CP-0, 그리고 초기(1${\sim}$9일), 중기(10${\sim}$24일) 및 후기(25${\sim}$36일) 사료에 감귤껍질을 각각 1.0%, 1.5% 및 2.0%를 첨가하여 급여한 CP-1으로 구분하였다. 일반성분 및 열량은 감귤껍질 급여의 영향이 없었으나 콜레스테롤 함량은 CP-0 보다 CP-1이 유의하게 낮았다 (p<0.05). K, P 및 ca는 CP-1이 CP-0보다 함량이 높았으나 Na 및 Mg는 CP-0 및 CP-1 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 비타민 A, xanthophyll, ${\beta}$-carotene, hesperidin 및 naringin은 감귤껍질 급여의 영향이 없었지만 비타민 $B_1$ 및 $B_2$는 감귤껍질을 급여한 닭고기가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 아미노산 조성은 CP-0 및 CP-1 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 대부분의 유리아미노산도 유의한 차이가 없었으나 유리아미노산 중 L-glutamic acid는 CP-0가 CP-1보다 높았고, DL-${\beta}$-amino isobutyric acid는 CP-1이 더 높았다(p<0.05). 그리고 지방산 조성은 CP-0와 CP-1 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1447-1455
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze physicochmical characteristics of oil within planting base of Incheon coastal reclamation cities where 10 years have passed since reclamation, and to provide basic data to promote growth and development of plants by conducting evaluation based on the planting degree standard. Study targets were Cheongra, Sondo, and Yeongjong districts within Incheon Free Economic Zone, the coastal reclamation city. The analysis results of average soil characteristics of 3 districts. Soil acidity(pH) was shown in orders of Cheongra district(8.85) > Songdo district(8.70) > Yeongjong district(7.97) and electric conductivity(EC) was shown in orders of Cheongra district(4.80 dS/m) > Songdo district(1.30dS/m) > and Yeongjong district(0.07 dS/m). Organic matter content(OMC) was shown in orders of Cheongra district(5.72%) > Songdo district(2.60%) > Yeongjong district(0.59%) and available phosphate was shown in orders of Cheongra district(70.70 mg/kg) > Songdo district(23.07 mg/kg) > Yeongjong district(2.49 mg/kg). $K^+$ was shown in orders of Songdo district(0.84 cmol/kg) > Cheongra district(0.74 cmol/kg) > Yeongjong district(0.22 cmol/kg), $Ca^{++}$ was shown in orders of Cheongra district(22.08 cmol/kg) > Songdo district(9.87 cmol/kg) > Yeongjong district(4.04 cmol/kg), and $Mg^{++}$ was shown in orders of Cheongra district(1.98 cmol/kg) > Songdo district(1.22 cmol/kg) > Yeongjong district(1.12 cmol/kg). Planting base level of coastal reclaimed land can be applied with above intermediate level, soil acidity and available phosphate were all more than intermediate in 3 districts, and electric conductivity was low level in Cheongra district and more than intermediate level in Songdo and Yeongjong districts. Organic matters content was more than intermediate level in Cheongra district and low level in Songdo and Yeongjong district. $K^+$ among exchangeable ions was intermediate level in Cheongra and Songdo districut and low in Yeongjong district. $Ca^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$ both were more than imtermidiate levels in 3 districts.