• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제113권1호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2024

복령(Wolfiporia hoelen (Fr.) Y.C.Dai & V. Papp)은 아시아 및 유럽 등 많은 나라에서 약용 및 식용으로 사용하고 있는 중요한 약재이다. 복령의 주요 성분들의 약리 활성이 많은 연구를 통해 밝혀지고 있으며, 골대사에도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구는 복령 균핵 50% 에탄올 추출물이 골질환 예방 및 천연 치료제의 소재로 활용 가능성이 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 복령 균핵의 에탄올 추출물을 계통분획법에 따라 n-헥산, 디클로로메탄, 에틸아세테이트순으로 분획하여 C2C12세포에 처리하였으며, 디클로로메탄 분획물에서 C2C12 세포의 ALP 분화 활성이 대조구보다 약 29%가 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 활성을 보인 디클로로메탄 분획물로부터 총 4개의 화합물을 분리하였으며, 기기분석 결과와 문헌을 참고하여 3α-dehydrotrametenolic acid, ergosterol, pachymic acid와 dehydrotumulosic acid로 동정할 수 있었다. 골대사 효능이 있는 지표물질을 찾기 위하여 4개의 화합물을 C2C12 세포의 ALP 분화 활성과 BMMs의 RANKL 유도 억제 활성을 농도별(1, 3, 10, 30, 100 μM)로 평가하였으며, 세포독성 검정도 동일한 농도에서 수행하였다. 그 결과 분리된 화합물 중 dehydrotumulosic acid의 3 μM 농도에서 ALP 활성이 160%로 나타났으며, BMP-2 대조구보다 약 24% 유의미하게 증가하였다. 또한 BMMs의 RANKL 유도 억제 활성은 dehydrotumulosic acid를 10-100 μM 농도로 처리할 때 대조구보다 약 15-86%로 유의미하게 감소하였으며, 10 μM 농도에서 나타난 RANKL억제 활성은 세포독성과 다른 패턴으로 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 복령의 균핵 에탄올 추출물이 골모세포 분화를 증진시키거나 억제할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였으며, 복령의 디클로로메탄 분획물로부터 분리 정제된 dehydrotumulosic acid가 골다공증 예방 및 치료에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2003

Cancer, which is expressed in various forms, is one of the leading causes of human death, Soamsan (SAS) is composed of ten medicinal herb, the prescription was made according to the principles of Oriental traditional medicine based on the concept of synergic effects and interaction of among the components. SAS has been used for the cancer therapy, but the mechanism of it's effect is not well known. In the present study, the cytotoxic effect of the SAS water extract on cancer cell lines was investigated by the method of MTT in A549 cell lines and the anti-angiogenic effect was shown in the assay of chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and in the cornea of rat administerd orally with SAS water extraction. The viability of A549 cell lines was not affected by the whole extract of SAS but the n-Hexan fraction of SAS water extract showed strong cytotoxicity which was not seemed to be done by the apoptotic mechanism. SAS water extract showed inhibition effects of angiogenesis induced in the cornea of rat and CAM assay. As the above results, it is suggested that SAS can be a candidate for new prescription for cancer therapy.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2014

Ginseng roots were extracted with aqueous methanol, and extracts were suspended in water and extracted successively with ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Column chromatography using the n-butanol fraction yielded four purified triol ginseng saponins: the ginsenosides Re, Rf, Rg2, and 20-gluco-Rf. The physicochemical, spectroscopic, and chromatographic characteristics of the ginsenosides were measured and compared with reports from the literature. For spectroscopic analysis, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods such as $^1H$-$^1H$ correlation spectroscopy, nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy, heteronuclear single quantum correlation, and heteronuclear multiple bond connectivity were employed to identify exact peak assignments. Some peak assignments for previously published $^1H$-and $^{13}C$-NMR spectra were found to be inaccurate. This study reports the complete NMR assignment of 20-gluco-Rf for the first time.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.538-547
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• 1992

Optimal synthetic condition of barium sulfate were investigated from the viewpoint of yield and bulkiness according to a randomized complete block design proposed by G.E.P. Box and K.B. Wilson. Barium chloride and magnesium sulfate were utilized as reactants in order to prepare barium sulfate in this study. It was found that optimum temperature range of reactant solutions was $60{\sim}100^{\circ}C$ and the optimum concentration range of the reactant solutions was $10{\sim}17.3%$ and $10{\sim}20%$ respectively, on the viewpoint of yield and bulkiness. The optimum mole ratio of $BaCI_2$ to $BaSO_4$ was in the range of $1.50{\sim}2.0$ and the optimum mole ratio of $BaCI_2$ to $BaSO_4$ was in the range of $1.50{\sim}2.0$ and the optimum reacting time range was $15{\sim}20$ minutes. The optimum drying temperature range was $110{\sim}130^{\circ}C$ from the viewpoint of yield, but it was $90{\sim}110^{\circ}C$ on the basis of bulkiness. Apparent viscosity of barium sulfate suspensions dispersed in various concentrations of Na. CMC was measured by using Brookfield synchrolectric viscometer model LVT, the relative equation, log ${\eta}_{sp}=A+B.{\phi}$ was examined and the equation was found to agree fairly well. 1 w/v% Na. CMC aqueous solution and 0.1 volume fraction of $BaSO_4$ powder were optimum in the preparation of $BaSO_4$ suspension showing highest viscosity at infinite shearing.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2006

This study identified a particle size distribution (PSD) of fine particulate matter and emission characteristics of V and Ni by the comparison between anthropogenic sources of oil combustion (industrial boiler, oil power plant, etc.) and lab-scale combustion using a drop-tube furnace. In oil combustion source, the mass fraction of fine particles (less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter) was higher than that of coarse particles (larger than 2.5 micrometers in diameter) in $PM_{10}$ (less than 10 micrometers in diameter) as like in lab-scale oil combustion. In addition to this, it was identified that ultra-fine particles (less than 0.1 micrometers in diameter) had a large distribution in fine particles. Toxic metals like V and Ni had large mass fractions in fine particles, and most of all was distributed in ultra-fine particles. Most of ultra-fine particles containing toxic metals have been emitted into ambient by combustion source because it is hard to control by the existing air pollution control device. Hence, we must be careful on these pollutants because it is obvious that these are associated with adverse health and environmental effect.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.336-345
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• 2013

Objectives: Research has shown that obesity appears to spread through social ties. However, the association between other characteristics of social networks and obesity is unclear. This study aimed to identify the association between social network characteristics and body mass index (BMI, $kg/m^2$) in an elderly Korean population. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 657 Koreans (273 men, 384 women) aged 60 years or older who participated in the Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Network size is a count of the number of friends. Density of communication network is the number of connections in the social network reported as a fraction of the total links possible in the personal (ego-centric) network. Average frequency of communication (or meeting) measures how often network members communicate (or meet) each other. The association of each social network measure with BMI was investigated by multiple linear regression analysis. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, the men with lower density (<0.71) and higher network size (4-6) had the higher BMI (${\beta}$=1.089, p=0.037) compared to the men with higher density (>0.83) and lower size (1-2), but not in the women (p=0.393). The lowest tertile of communication frequency was associated with higher BMI in the women (${\beta}$=0.885, p=0.049), but not in the men (p=0.140). Conclusions: Our study suggests that social network structure (network size and density) and activation (communication frequency and meeting frequency) are associated with obesity among the elderly. There may also be gender differences in this association.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to determine whether any pretreatment parameters were associated with pharmacological effect or toxicity parameters after vincristine administration and to describe a mathematical model, which explains the interpatient pharmacodynamic variability. The relationship between patient characteristics and vincristine dose and hematological toxicity were evaluated. 68 pediatric and adolescence patients and 107 adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated with vincristine $1.5mg/m^2/day$ IV and other anticancer drugs as scheduled. Complete blood counts and other blood test results were obtained. The input variables were age, gender, weight, lean body weight (LBW), height, body surface area, vincristine dose and total vincristine dose. The outcome measures were nadir values (white blood cells, absolute neutrophil counts, hemoglobin, and platelets); the absolute decrease, relative decrease, and survival fraction of blood cells. Polynomial regression analysis was carried out to determine the other significant covariates. The variability of $WBC_{nadir}$ was modeled with good precision and accuracy with a two-covariate model. This model should be validated and improved on with further clinical data. We believe that such pharmacodynamic modeling should be explored further to determine its performance and clinical relevance compared with modeling using pharmacokinetic parameter.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2015

Cells express several antioxidant enzymes to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for oxidative damages and various human diseases. Therefore, antioxidant enzymes are considered biomedicine candidates. Among them, extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) had showed prominent efficacy against asthma and inflammation. Despite its advantages as a biomedicine, the difficulty in obtaining large quantity of active recombinant human SOD3 (rhSOD3) has limited its clinical applications. We found that a significant fraction of over-expressed rhSOD3 was composed of the inactive apo-enzyme and its potency against inflammation depended on the rate of metal incorporation. Also, purified rhSOD3 was unstable and lost its activity very quickly. Here, we suggest an ideal preparative method to express, purify, and store highly active rhSOD3. The enzymatic activity of rhSOD3 was maximized by incorporating metal ions into rhSOD3 after purification. Also, albumin or polyethylene glycol prevented rapid inactivation or degradation of rhSOD3 during preparative procedures and long-term storage.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.65-76
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• 1988

High affinity complexes for the tumor were obtained by changing pH and composition in the preparation of $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$. The purpose of this study was to investigate the tumor affinity, and in vitro and in vivo characteristics of these complexes. The results obtained were as follows; 1) Tumor imaging agent was formed successfully at pH $6.0\sim9.0$ and renal imaging agent at pH $2.0\sim5.0$. 2) The serum protein binding of $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ was $89.1\sim92.8%$ at pH $2.0\sim5.0$ and $11.8\sim30.5%$ at pH $6.0\sim9.0$ respectively, and it was not changed with time. 3) The T 1/2 of tumor affinity complex in blood between 3 and 6 hours after injection was $187{\pm}29$ minutes $(mean{\pm}SD)$. 4) In the blood, the radioactivity was mainly in the plasma, and less than 1% was in the cellular components. 5) In the Walker carcinosarcoma 256 bearing Wistar rats, the radioactivity in the kidney increased, and decreased in the skeleton with time. The radioactivity in the tumor showed the peak in 6 hours after injection and decreased thereafter. 6) In the tumor cell, the radioactivity localized mainly in the cytosol, the soluble fraction of the cytoplasm. This study provides the basic knowledge about tumor affinity and usefulness of $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ in the diagnosis of malignant disease.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1970

In recent years with development of immuno-electrophoresis, more acurate analysis of the serum protein became possible. However, there is few reports in the literature which investigated the changes of the immunoglobulin compared with electrophoretically fractioned serum thyroglobulin in the patients with various thyroid diseases. The purpose of this report is to investigate the changes of thyroglobulin in various thyroid diseases by the method of immuno-electrophoresis and to compare the results with.serum protein fractionated by the method of agar-gel micro-electrophoresis. Materials and Methods: Sera from 9 patients with diffuse toxic goiter, 2 nodular nontoxic goiter, 2 thyroiditis, 3 hypothy, roidism, 1 thyroid cancer, 7 cystic degeneration of the thyroid gland, and 10 normal subject were taken. All cases were confirmed by various laboratory thyroid function tests and thyroid needle biopsy. Immuno-electrophoretic analysis of the serum were performed by Scheidegger's modified micro-immuno-electrophoretic method. The antiserum was obtained from the Travenol Laboratories International, Hyland Products Division and was rabbit anti-human thyroglobulin. Microscope slide agar-gel electrophoresis for serum protein fractionation was performed at $4^{\circ}C$ using veronal buffer, pH 8.6 and ionic strength 0.05, with 54 volts and 2.8 mA for 60 minutes. The fractionated slide was stained with 0.1% thiazine red. The results were as follows: 1) Increase of immune-globulin macroglobulin (IgM), alphaglobulin, and immune-globulin A (IgA) by 95.8%, 100%, 29.2% respectively was found in the serum from various thyroid diseases. 2) Thyroglobulin fraction was found to be increased in 50%, no change in 41.7%, and no line in 8.3% with all of the various goiter patients. On the other hand, 10 normal control group showed only 2 cases of increase, 5 cases of no change and 3 cases of no line.