• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.56 no.8
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• pp.31.1-31.9
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to describe the population structure and inbreeding, and to quantify their effects on weights at different ages of Mehraban sheep in Iran. The analysis was based on the pedigree information of 26990 animals and 10278 body weight records from birth to yearling age. Data and pedigree information were collected during 1994 to 2011 by the breeding station of Mehraban sheep. The population structure was analyzed using the CFC program. Inbreeding of all animals was calculated by INBUPGF90 program. All animals were grouped into three classes according to their inbreeding coefficients: the first class included non-inbred animals (F=0); and the second and third classes included inbred animals (0$F{\geq}0.05$, respectively). The average inbreeding in Mehraban sheep was 1.69%. Founder equivalent ($f_e$) values were estimated to be 4244, 3116 and 2965 during 1994-1999, 2000-2005 and 2006-2011, respectively. The effective population sizes ($N_e$) were 363, 5080 and 5740 during 1994-1999, 2000-2005 and 2006-2011, respectively. Generation interval was 2.15 years for this breed of sheep. Regression coefficients of birth weight, 3-month weight, 6-month weight and yearling weight on lamb inbreeding were estimated to be -6.340.69, -14.685.33, 48.009.43 and 98.6515.65, respectively. Both positive and negative inbreeding effects were found in the current study. The utilization of a program for designed mating system, in the present flock, could be a suitable approach to keep the level of inbreeding under control.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.299-303
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• 2015

KO mice provide an excellent tool to determine roles of specific genes in biomedical filed. Traditionally, knockout mice were generated by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Recently, engineered nucleases, such as zinc finger nuclease, transcription activator-like effector nuclease and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), were used to produce knockout mice. This new technology is useful because of high efficiency and ability to generate biallelic mutation in founder mice. Until now, most of knockout mice produced using engineered nucleases were C57BL/6 strain. In the present study we used CRISPR-Cas9 system to generate knockout mice in FVB strain. We designed and synthesized single guide RNA (sgRNA) of CRISPR system for targeting gene, Abtb2. Mouse zygote were obtained from superovulated FVB female mice at 8-10 weeks of age. The sgRNA was injected into pronuclear of the mouse zygote with recombinant Cas9 protein. The microinjected zygotes were cultured for an additional day and only cleaved embryos were selected. The selected embryos were surgically transferred to oviduct of surrogate mother and offsprings were obtained. Genomic DNA were isolated from the offsprings and the target sequence was amplified using PCR. In T7E1 assay, 46.7% among the offsprings were founded as mutants. The PCR products were purified and sequences were analyzed. Most of the mutations were founded as deletion of few sequences at the target site, however, not identical among the each offspring. In conclusion, we found that CRISPR system is very efficient to generate knockout mice in FVB strain.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2011

Two feeding trials were conducted to investigate the optimum feeding rates in juvenile olive founder Paralichthys olivaceus fed practical expanded pellet(EP) containing 58.1% crude protein, 10.7% crude lipid, and 10.8% ash at low and high water temperatures. In the first experiment, triplicate groups of 15 fish with average weight of 7.7 g were fed at one of seven feeding rates(0, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.25, or 2.5% of body weight/day or to satiation) for 4 weeks at low water temperature. In the second experiment, quadruplicate groups of 20 fish with average weight of 5.5 g were fed at one of eight feeding rates(0, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.25, 4.5, or 4.75% of body weight/day or to satiation) for 4 weeks at high water temperature. Based on growth performance, we estimated that the optimum feeding rates for juvenile olive flounder were 1.97-2.51% and 4.82-6.36% of body weight/day at low and high water temperatures, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.267-277
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• 2020

This study examined the impact of failure tolerance on exploration and exploitation activities and the impact of these activities on management performance in the representatives of re-start-up companies. Recently, policy and social support for re-starting businesses has been increasing. This study seeks to verify whether the psychological factors of the re-founder are related to management performance. Therefore, a research model that combines failure tolerance, which is a psychological and pedagogical variable, and management performance, which is a management variable, was presented and empirical analysis was made. The research targets were conducted on re-founders who received funding from Korea SMEs & Startups Agency. The analysis of the psychological characteristics of the re-start-up, failure tolerance and the effect on the exploration and exploitation activity, all showed positive effects, and the analysis of the effect of the exploration and exploitation activity on the management performance, showed that the exploration activity did not affect, and the exploitation activity had a positive effect. This study is intended to provide theoretical and practical implications.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1994

This study is carried out to develope parent education methodology by analysing "${\acute{E}}cole$ des Parents" of France. To study this subject we approach by following three methodes. Firstly, we examined bibliographes to find out motivation of initiative caused from hystological and sociological circumstance. Secondly, to analyse chronological developement and modification of "${\acute{E}}cole$ des Parents" we interviewed with three periods of persons : founder, developer and actually working animators. In addition, we riviewed three hundred eighty volumes of $\underline{{\acute{E}}cole\;des\;Parents}$, from first jurnals to october, 1993. Thirdly, this study were approached by participant observation in actual activities, and by analyse statstical records and subject of articals. In results, we noticed following caractors working in french parent education system. All the regional "${\acute{E}}cole$ des Parents" are alined with "$F{\acute{E}}d{\acute{E}}ration$ Nationale des ${\acute{E}}cole$ des Parents et des ${\acute{E}}ducateurs$"(F.N.E.PE.) in educational polish but activities and methodes of education are independant with F.N.E.P.E., and in most different regional "${\acute{E}}cole$ des Parents" focussed the educational programes to the middle class families in economic point of view. these programes adjust very rapidly systematicaly to social requirment due to successed intensive research. Mordern programs tend to contain all members of family in stead of targeting only maternal members. Methodes of education by lectures and speechs only to deliver information also replaced by discussion, forum and groop animation to induce self-correction. We propose that the systems of FNEPE can be ideal models to solve many actual problems facing in Korean parent education systemes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.470-479
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• 2013

This study analyzed the features and problems of one-person creative company development policy by using the image of brand identity of one-person creative company and the model of the symbol square. In order to solve the youth unemployment and to induce youth foundation, Korean government particularly Small and Medium Business Administration (SBA) paid great attention to 'One-Person Company' followed by One-Person Knowledge Company policy in 2008. Finally, this policy became One-Person Creative Company in 2009 when SBA faced criticism. However, according to semiotics analysis, symbolic conflicts were found in the policy given that this policy was not considered the role of the co-founder in venture ecosystem. This study provides practical implications for new directions of the one-person creative company policy of government; (1) one-person knowledge company ${\rightarrow}$ (2) one-person creative company ${\rightarrow}$ (3) 1+1 creative company.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.143-155
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is elucidate the status and role of fashion house museums including art museums that are affiliated to luxury fashion brands. This study is significant in that it offers profound understanding of the history of luxury brands and the direction of communication these luxury brands are taking through online and offline museums. For research methods in this study, literature review and case studies were combined. Based on the luxury type classification by Sicard, the scope of research was determined to include the French classical luxury brands to modern luxury brands and contemporary luxury brands. Examining the current status of fashion house museums, it was found that Cartier Foundation for Contemporary Art is an art museum operated by the luxury fashion brand, Cartier. Other fashion house museums in operation included $Herm{\grave{e}}s$ Museum, Foundation Louis Vuitton Museum, $Crist{\acute{o}}bal$ Balenciaga Museum, Yves Saint Laurent Museum, Gucci Museum, Christian Dior Museum, Prada Foundation Museum, Ferragamo Museum, Armani Silos, and so on. As for online museums, there was Valentino Garavani Virtual Museum. These luxury fashion brands' museums serves the following roles: provides references to the fashion industry professionals and researchers; differentiates the brand as means of experience marketing; promotes the brand and enhances brand communication through exhibitions of the founder and designers; archive the brand's design and builds the brand's history as a means of storytelling marketing.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2003

In previous reports, pVPSV.IGR2.1 transgenic mouse were described that brain tumor and lymphoma by reason of Vasopressin-SV40 T antigen. In this study, we produced pVPSV.IGR3.6 transgenic mouse that used pVPSV.IGR3.6 vector. Expression of transgene was vary different in transgenic mouse. We obtained 6 transgenic mouse line, moreover they had died at the age of 2~6 weeks without transmitting the transgene to their offspring, and had tumorigenesis on same location with pVPSV.IGR2.1 transgenic mouse. Only a founder mouse was investigated for expression of fusion gene. Here we extended this transgenic approach to the study of tumor progression. From the mouse, we confirmed brain tumor cell, after then cultured for investigate characterization. In this report, we demonstrate that reduction of survival rate in transgenic mouse fused vasopressin gene length, acquisition of brain tumor cell, composition with astrocyte cells and neuronal cells. Finally, cells had no change with increase of passage.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.317-324
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• 2003

The present study were performed to analysis the hematocrit and the red blood cells content into the blood plasma of the transgenic pigs harboring recombinent human erythropoietin gene (rhEPO). Mouse whey acidic protein (mWAP) linked to rhEPO gene was microinjected into pronuclei of porcine one-cell zygotes. After delivered of offspring, PCR analyses identified one mWAP-rhEPO transgenic founder offspring(F$_{0}$). The first generation of transgenic pig (F$_{0}$) harboring mWAP-hEPO appeared to be a male, and the second generation (F$_1$) pigs were made by natural mating of F$_{0}$ with domestic swine, and male and female transgenic pigs (F$_1$) were identified by PCR. The blood samples from transgenic and normal pigs were collected for 50 days during lactation and were counted the red blood cell (RBC) numbers and Hematocrit (HCT) content into the blood. The transgenic pigs expressing rhEPO in their blood gave rise to higher RBC numbers and HCT contents than control animals. rhEPO was secreted both in the blood and milk of genetically engineered pigs harboring rhEPO gene. Therefore, this study provides a model regarding the production of transgenic pig carrying hEPO transgene for biomedical research.earch.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.17-17
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• 2003

The milk of transgenic animals may provide an attractive vehicle for large-scale production of hEPO. Since glycosylation is cell type specific, recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) produced in different host cells contain different patterns of oligosaccharides, which could affect the biological functions. However, there have been no reports on the characteristics of rhEPO derived from milk of transgenic animals. To address this objective, several transgenic mice by using pWAPhEPO and/or pBC1hEPO expression vector were produced. However, 2 lines of pWAPhEPO founder female mouse died during late gestational day (day 18) before offspring could be obtained. They showed a severe splenomegaly, Unlike those of pWAPhEPO, mammary gland epithelial cells from biopsies of lactating pBC1hEPO transgenic mice had marked immunoreactivity to EPO and any activity was not detected in other tissues. The expression level of rhEPO is about 0.7% of mammary gland cellular total soluble proteins and an amount of 300~500 mg/L rhEPO is secreted into milk. Furthermore, the pBC1hEPO transgenic mice transmitted this character to their progeny in mendelian manner. In order to determine the extent of glycosylation variation, N-linked oligosaccharide structures present in the milk-derived rhEPO were characterized. Most of milk-derived rhEPO is fully glycosylated. the biological activity of milk-derived rhEPO was comparable to that of purified CHO-derived rhEPO, and milk-derived rhEPO showed relatively stable after freezing and thawing. Taken together, the results illustrate the potential of transgenic animals in the large-scale production of biopharmaceuticals.