• Computers and Concrete
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.351-365
• /
• 2020

This work presents numerical and experimental analyses of the behavior of reinforced-concrete deep beams with unconventional geometries. The main goal here is to experimentally and numerically study these geometries to find possible new behaviors due to the material nonlinearity of reinforced concrete with complex geometries. Usually, unconventional geometries result from innovative designs; in general, studies of reinforced concrete structures are performed only on conventional members such as beams, columns, and labs. To achieve the goal, four reinforced-concrete deep beams with geometries not addressed in the literature were tested. The models were numerically analyzed with the Adaptive Micro Truss Model (AMTM), which is the proposed method, to address new geometries. This work also studied the main parameters of the constitutive model of concrete based on a statistical analysis of the finite element (FE) results. To estimate the ultimate loads, FE simulations were performed using the Monte Carlo method. Based on the obtained ultimate loads, a probabilistic distribution was created, and the final ultimate loads were computed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.167-176
• /
• 1995

A study on phytoplankton community was carried out from June, 1992 to May, 1993 at selected stations in Hoedong Reservoir. The phytoplankton are identified as 176 taxa including 5 phylum, 67 genera. The important species in this reservoir were Asterionella formosa, C meneghiniana, Dictyosphaerium plilchellum, Fragilaria crotonensis, Melosira distans, M grantulata, M. granulata var. angustissima, M. granulate var. angntissima f. spirdis, Micractinium pussillum, Microcystis aeruginosa, Pundorina morn, Pediastrum boryanum, P. duplex, Peridinium sp., Scenedesmus quadriauda, Synedra acus, S. rumpens and S. ulna. The causative species of water bloom were identified as Microcystis aeruginsa, Trahellomonas hispida, Ceratium hirwdinella, Peridinium sp., Melosira italica, Staurastrum dorsidentiferum var. onatum in the area. During the study periods standing crcps of phytoplankton were maximum in August, 1992 and minimum in December 1992. The species dominance index and diversity index were ranged 24.7-99.9, 0.001-3.06, respectively. Key Words : phytoplankton community, causative species of water bloom, standing crops. dominance index, species diversity index.

• KCID journal
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.76-86
• /
• 2011

This study was conducted to clarify community characteristics of waterbirds migrating to Seamangum area from 2002 to 2009. Total maximum count of waterbirds observed at Saemangum area was 686,337 individuals of 176 species. 158 species and 548,989 individuals were recorded on Mangyung Estuary and 158 species and 213,794 individuals were recorded on Dongjin Estuary. Dominance species were Baikal Teals Anas formosa (40.80%), Great Knots Calidris tenuirostris (18.03%), Mallards Anas platyrhynchos (11.67%) and Dunlins Calidris alpina(6.02%). Shorerbirds were declined and waterfowl were increased during survey periods. Natural monuments and endangered birds were 27 species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.257-259
• /
• 2005

서낙동강에서 조사된 식물플랑크톤은 6강 31과 128종류로 녹조류(Chlorophyceae)가 49종류(38.3%), 규조류(Bacillariophyceae)가 44종류(34.4%)였다. 계절별로는 여름에 최고 80종, 겨울에 최소 47종으로 출현하였으나 일반적인 경우와는 상이한 결과였다. 정점별로는 여름에 정점 1에서 63종류로 가장 많은 종수를, 가을과 겨울의 정점 4에서 18종류로 가장 적은 종수로 조사되어 계절별, 정점별 출현종수의 차이는 크게 나타났다. 생태적 주요종은 모두 63종류였고 Actinastrum hantzschii var. fluviatile을 비롯한 33종류가 광분포종, 오수지표종은 Ankistrodesmus falcatus를 비롯하여 28종류, 적조원인종은 Aulacoseira garanulata var. angustissima for. spiralis를 비롯하여 23종류, 우점종으로는 Aphanizomenon flos-aquae를 비롯하여 8종류, 출현빈번종은 Asterionella formosa를 비롯하여 7종이었다. Jaccard's coefficient에 의한 집괴분석을 실시한 결과, 거의 모든 계절에서 서낙동교를 중심으로 서낙동교 상부지역(st. 1 ${\sim}$ st. 3)과 하부지역(st. 4 ${\sim}$ st. 6)으로 구분되거나 또는 담수지역(st. 1 ${\sim}$ st. 4)과 해수의 영향이 미칠 것으로 예상되는 지역(st. 5 ${\sim}$ st. 6)의 두그룹으로 그룹지어졌다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.905-908
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of kefir whey (kefir whey, peptides, lactic acid) on skin care properties including skin lightening effect and acne treatment. The final aim was to develop a new cosmetic product and enhance the value of dairy products. The results of skin lightening tests showed that all three kefir whey components (kefir whey, peptides and lactic acid) had inhibitory ability against melanin synthesis. Furthermore, copper chelating analysis demonstrated that both kefir whey and kefir whey peptides could chelate the copper in tyrosinase, which might explain the mechanism of inhibition. The ability for acne treatment indicated that lactic acid level higher than 60 mg/ml could inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acne, whereas no inhibition was found with other components.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.147-162
• /
• 2012

Argentina is a large country with several areas dominated by different climate mechanisms. Since 2008, damage to civil structures caused by strong winds has been surveyed in Chaco and the neighbouring areas. Chaco is a province of NEA, the north-east region of the Argentina, which also includes the provinces of Formosa, Corrientes and Misiones. The strong wind events in NEA are related to severe convective storms. In this work, we present findings about wind-induced damage in NEA and the prevailing meteorological conditions. We emphasise seven particular cases for which the conditions of the atmosphere were reconstructed through reanalysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
• /
• 2006.09b
• /
• pp.937-938
• /
• 2006

Tungsten heavy alloys with different ratios of Mo and Ni-Fe matrix were liquid-phase-sintered to investigate their microstructural evolution. Results indicated that increased Mo in the alloy promoted the formation of a (W,Mo)(Ni,Fe) type intermetallic compound in the furnace-cooled condition. It was a monoeutectic reaction when the added Mo content was higher than 49at.%, or a eutectic reaction when this value was between 37at,% to 49at.%. When Mo was added between 25at.% to 37at.%, the precipitation of the intermetallic compound took place by either a eutectoid or peritectoid reaction.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2012

Whiteflies harbor several secondary endosymbionts, which are maternally inherited from mother to offspring, that have major effects on host preferences, biology, and evolution. Here, we identified Wolbachia bacteria in sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) as well as whitefly popluations from other countries by comparison of 16S rDNA sequences. Wolbachia were detected in all tested indigenous B. tabaci populations (Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, and the Philippines) as well as Q1 biotype of Korea, whereas they were absent from B biotype of Korea and Q biotype of China. Wolbachia were also detected in all five tested Aleurodicus dispersus populations as well as Tetraleurodes acaciae, whereas they were not detected in all seven Trialeurodes vaporariorum populatuions. In addiiton, Wolbachia were detected in parasitic wasp (Encarsia formosa) of B. tabaci as well as honeybee (Apis mellifera). Among the 19 whitefly populations from different countries, our analysis identified four phylogenetic groups of Wolbachia, thereby demonstrating the high diversity of this genus. Wolbachia phylogeny suggests a correlation of geographical range with ecological variation at the species level.

• 중국학논총
• /
• no.68
• /
• pp.1-28
• /
• 2020

本論文的目的在於探討古代漢語變調構詞的音義關係在閩南語詞典《廈新典》的文白異讀當中如何傳承下來。本研究尤其關注古代漢語的變調構詞與《廈新典》文白異讀的音義關係之間擁有緊密聯繫的七個例子, 並把此七例分成兩類, 《廈新典》中的"讀"字, "孫(遜)"字保留了與變調構詞完全一致的音義關係, 此類例子也保留了與現代漢語完全一致的音義關係。《廈新典》中的"塞"字, "取(娶)"字, "厭"字, "喪"字, "勞"字表示與變調構詞緊密的音義對應關係, 但是我們也能發現部分文讀音或者白話音的音義關係中略有出入。從變調構詞的觀點把《廈新典》中文白異讀音義關係的錯誤做了比較, 查到了《廈新典》中有關文讀音音義關係釋義的錯誤有9例, 有關白話音音義關係的錯誤有3例, 前者比後者的錯誤多達4倍。另外, 《廈新典》中義項的錯誤發生次數爲9次, 《臺多音》中義項的錯誤發生次數爲3次。此統計數字反映了與上古漢語有密切關係的白話音層次與中古漢語時期以來屢次持續傳入閩方言層次的差異。我們認為這些錯誤與英國牧師甘爲霖編著《廈新典》的目的應該有密切關係。

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.169-177
• /
• 2006

Some hyromedusae were collected from Korean waters with Issacc-Kidd Midwater trawl net or by SCUBA diving during the period from May 2001 to Nov. 2005. They were identified into 14 species of 11 families in six orders. Of these, the following six species are new to Korean fauna: Olindias formosa (Goto, 1903) and Proboscidactyla stellata (Forbes, 1846) of the order Limnomedusae; Aglantha digitale ($M\ddot{u}ller$, 1776) and Rhopalonema velatum Gegenbaur, 1854 of the order Trachymedusae; Solmundella bitentaculata (Quoy and Gaimaud, 1833) and Aegina citrea Eschscholtz, 1829 of the order Narcomedusae. The order Narcomedusae and the families Rhopalonematidae and Aeginidae are first recorded in Korean waters. As a result of the present study, the Korean hydromedusae consist of 26 species of 19 families in six orders so far.