• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2014

The goal of this study was to contemplate the impact of visual formative elements on the satisfaction level of visitors in websites of toy-style products. To attain the goal, the visual element of motion graphics in websites of toy-style products, i. e., color, layout, illustration, and, typography, were independent variables and the satisfaction level of visitors as a dependent variable. The variables were analyzed objectively. First, it appeared that visual formative elements of motion graphics appeared in websites of toy-style products exerted statistically significant impacts on the satisfaction level of visitors. Second, the element exerting the most significant impact on the satisfaction level of visitors among the visual formative elements in websites of toy-style products were appeared as 'illustration' and 'color'. Thus, it was concluded that it is necessary to give priority in 'illustration' and 'color' to enhance the satisfaction level of visitors.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.460-467
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• 2021

Among the formative elements, color and form are the most critical elements that can capture a person's perspective. Companies are concentrating on developing visual perception-oriented products by accommodating the diverse needs of consumers, where the emotional factor plays as an important design consideration. Accordingly, the visual perception reaction of consumers was analyzed through a questionnaire focusing on color and form. The result finds that, when Ernst Gombrich (1909-2001) perceives objects in questionnaires related to personal preferences for color and form, humans do not rely solely on the eyes, but describes with the knowledge diagram through that knowledge. In doing so, the knowledge that we already know plays a part to describe the object. In addition, colors and forms are recognized by combining the social and cultural information experiences of the perceiver with the learned knowledge. In the future studies that define the interrelationships of the formative elements should be continued through the analysis of more complex and clear visual perception characteristics of the formative elements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1001-1010
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the images and characteristic formative elements of Korean traditional patterns. The Korean pattern image could be interpreted into visual elements of design based on the images, the characteristic formative elements of Korean traditional patterns, and their relationships. Fourteen patterns selected from 5 groups of Korean patterns were used as stimuli. An image evaluation using a 2-point sementica scale of 19 bipolar adjectives, and an impression evaluation of which results were presented by visual drawing using lines and shapes were carried out. The data were analyzed by correspondence analysis and cluster analysis. The major findings are as follows; 1. Fourteen patterns and 19 adjectives were marked on a perception map composed of two (x and y-) axes. The bipoles of x- and y axes were soft-hard and splendid-artless, respectively. 2. Four clusters semerged to account for the dimensional sturucture of 14 patterns and 19 adjectives. These were splendid image, soft image, individualistic image, and sophisticated image. However there was no pattern which belonged to the cluster, sophisticated image. The Korean pattern image was founded to be better related to the kind of patterns than the type of patterns. 3. The characteristic formative elements obtained from the impression test were contour of motif, repeated line or shape, various curved lines, and decorative elements. 4. The splendid image was related to Bongwhang patterns and detailed line and complexity. The individualistic image was related to the abstractive form of Bongwhang pattern and the decorative form of Cloud pattern both of which have the characteristics of point-symmetry and abstraction, and Turtle-back pattern. In this case, the related charac-teristic formative element was identified to be repeated lines. The soft image was related to Moran, Cloud, and Taegeuk patterns. The related characteristic elements were various types of curved lines, decorative elements, and rounded contours.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to suppose makeup design based on formative elements of facial image according to the facial image type of Korean women in their 20s. For this study, literature review were performed. Surveys were conducted twice for empirical research. The survey targeted 220 university students in their 20s. SPSS 12.0 statistics program was used to analyze the results, and T-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test. The results of the study are as follows. First, it was concluded that the effective structural formative elements are different according to the types of facial image. Second, by analyzing the differences in perceiving naked facial image and modified face shape image, modified skin color image, modified makeup color image of all types of facial image, it was found that the formative elements are different according to facial images, and that there are differences in the effectiveness of each factors.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2022

Vyshyvanka, the embroidered folk costume shirt of Ukraine, originated during the early reign of the Slavs, and currently, it is also called Ukrainian embroidery. In cases of Vyshyvanka embroidery expressed in apparel elements, it is necessary to research formative characteristics for expanding the visual aspect through the diversification of techniques, but also the aspect of the psychological meaning to Ukrainians. This study aims to consider Vyshyvanka as a unique embroidery technique, and also analyze the formative characteristics expressed in apparel elements. The study of Vyshyvanka embroidery expressed in apparel elements can present meaning to understanding the Ukrainian fashion. The image materials for the analysis of Vyshyvanka design, included work photos contained in literary materials and foreign online visual materials. The results of formatively analyzing the Vyshyvanka embroidery expressed in apparel are as follows. First, the Vyshyvanka embroidery expressed in apparel elements held an incantatory meaning, protecting wearers from getting easily invaded by evil spirits. Second, the Vyshyvanka patterns utilized symbolism that implied the incantatory meaning. Third, a single color was used for the embroidery. Lastly, materials like cotton, that are easy to embroider, were mostly used. The formative characteristics of Vyshyvanka embroidery expressed in apparel elements implied the community spirit, nature worship, and folk beliefs. As an attempt to understand the Ukrainian fashion, this study is significant in the aspect of expanding, widely utilizing, and expanding the range of understanding of Ukrainian fashion. Therefore, there should be more active researches on Ukrainian fashion, so Vyshyvanka can be more widely used as a design element.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.116-121
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• 2005

This research against the method of applying a traditional design elements to modern interior space is classified and analyzed by direct expression method, a transfigure expression method, a metaphor expression method and a symbol expression method. The direct expression method means the modernizing the traditional design elements by expressing traditional material and structural formative style as they are, and the transfigure expression method is the design method of re-organizing the elements by simplifying and transfiguring the traditional design elements. Metaphor expression method includes the method of expressing visually the formative concept which does not known concretely, and the symbol expression method exchanges the rising concepts into concrete elements and expresses by new design.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.36
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• pp.45-74
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• 2014

We can anticipate that animations will form one of the axes and lead popular culture in our future visual age. Recently, research has been actively conducted, but it mainly focuses on their value in culture industry or technologies and methods of producing animations. Of course, research that deals with animation characters has constantly come out. This study focuses on the 'formative elements' of 3D animation characters and attempts differentiation from other research by inducing new logic theoretically. Being freed from the research on characters that has been merely focused on theoretical grounds, this study intends to figure out how audience that is consumers who actually get to watch and feel animations recognizes them and find out related problems and also solutions for them. In particular, this study intends to examine the formative characteristics of 3D animation characters with the characters appearing in , one of the animations that have achieved artistic value as well as commercial success. And for that, the study conducted not only literature review but various surveys and Delphi method as well. Also, the researcher devised an analysis frame to evaluate the formative elements through in-depth discussion with experts. And with this, the study created the forms such as the Elements of Form, Formation Methods of Form and Visual Recognition Elements of Form, examined how audience recognized 3D characters. The process of recognizing an image is influenced by socio-cultural environment or sex, age, and the level of knowledge differently. This was meant to investigate current visual culture and the public's perspective through characters in that represent the visual mode.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.116-117
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• 2005

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.223-228
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• 2009

The meaning of the characteristics of formative expression in contemporary residential architecture is flowing elements as important means to inbreathe emotional feeling of movement and as automatic and positive wats of expression. So the purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of formative expression in contemporary residential architecture, and to plan residential design linked with this kind of concept. For this study, analysis of case studies were used and the cases were selected in contemporary residential architecture which were represented having formative expressions since 2005. The major results found that the characteristics of formative expression were ex-center, reiteration, dispersibility, diagonality, plasticity, non-linearity, and deconstruction. In addition to that, we derived various methods expressing the formative characteristics, which were mass transformation, plan variation and composition element transformation. Summing these results up, the various characteristics of formative expression in contemporary residential architecture are understood as the results of the free modeling will of architects fulfilled with the spirit of inquiry and experiment to escape from the standard architecture in order to differentiate themselves.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between the trend of art and fashion which predominate a certain time. In order to achieve this goal, this study intends to analyze how plasticity found in Mondrian's pictures are applied to modern fashion with its focus on formative elements. Mondrian was ahead of abstractionism, a major trend of contemporary art, and defined the theory of neo-plasticism. The theory of neo-plasticism defined by Mondrian is characterized by the limited expression of lines and shapes by using only vertical and horizontal straight lines, and right angles and four-sided figures weaved by the lines, and the use of achromatic color(black, white, and gray) in three primary colors(red, blue, and yellow). Based on his theory, he fully displayed the world of geometric abstraction. Mondrian's formative elements which have been applied in modern fashion can be divided into shape and color, For the element of shape, first, horizontal and vertical lines have been applied to patterns, trimmings, detail, and plane of textiles through simplification of design, representing proportion, balance, and stress in a silhouette, Second, plane and diamond shapes made of horizontal and vertical lines have been applied to textiles or patterns with uniqueness. For the element of color, first, three primary colors and achromatic colors are used to seek the aesthetics of balance and harmony that are produced in the strain of conflict through brightness, chroma, and complementary colors, Second, primary colors of high chroma and brightness which are much stronger than pictures are used to express a modern sense. Formative elements of neo-plasticism, which have been applied to modern fashion suggested by this study, are connected with the trend of art contemporary designers have borrowed, Accordingly, this study will become a very helpful material which provides designers with original ideas in developing materials and patterns which connect design with art.