• Title/Summary/Keyword: forgery detection

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Fast Detection of Forgery Image using Discrete Cosine Transform Four Step Search Algorithm

  • Shin, Yong-Dal;Cho, Yong-Suk
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.527-534
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    • 2019
  • Recently, Photo editing softwares such as digital cameras, Paintshop Pro, and Photoshop digital can create counterfeit images easily. Various techniques for detection of tamper images or forgery images have been proposed in the literature. A form of digital forgery is copy-move image forgery. Copy-move is one of the forgeries and is used wherever you need to cover a part of the image to add or remove information. Copy-move image forgery refers to copying a specific area of an image itself and pasting it into another area of the same image. The purpose of copy-move image forgery detection is to detect the same or very similar region image within the original image. In this paper, we proposed fast detection of forgery image using four step search based on discrete cosine transform and a four step search algorithm using discrete cosine transform (FSSDCT). The computational complexity of our algorithm reduced 34.23 % than conventional DCT three step search algorithm (DCTTSS).

Development of Digital Image Forgery Detection Method Utilizing LE(Local Effect) Operator based on L0 Norm (L0 Norm 기반의 LE(Local Effect) 연산자를 이용한 디지털 이미지 위변조 검출 기술 개발)

  • Choi, YongSoo
    • Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.153-162
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    • 2020
  • Digital image forgery detection is one of very important fields in the field of digital forensics. As the forged images change naturally through the advancement of technology, it has made it difficult to detect forged images. In this paper, we use passive forgery detection for copy paste forgery in digital images. In addition, it detects copy-paste forgery using the L0 Norm-based LE operator, and compares the detection accuracy with the forgery detection using the existing L2, L1 Norm-based LE operator. In comparison of detection rates, the proposed lower triangular(Ayalneh and Choi) window was more robust to BAG mismatch detection than the conventional window filter. In addition, in the case of using the lower triangular window, the performance of image forgery detection was measured increasingly higher as the L2, L1 and L0 Norm LE operator was performed.

A Survey on Passive Image Copy-Move Forgery Detection

  • Zhang, Zhi;Wang, Chengyou;Zhou, Xiao
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.6-31
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    • 2018
  • With the rapid development of the science and technology, it has been becoming more and more convenient to obtain abundant information via the diverse multimedia medium. However, the contents of the multimedia are easily altered with different editing software, and the authenticity and the integrity of multimedia content are under threat. Forensics technology is developed to solve this problem. We focus on reviewing the blind image forensics technologies for copy-move forgery in this survey. Copy-move forgery is one of the most common manners to manipulate images that usually obscure the objects by flat regions or append the objects within the same image. In this paper, two classical models of copy-move forgery are reviewed, and two frameworks of copy-move forgery detection (CMFD) methods are summarized. Then, massive CMFD methods are mainly divided into two types to retrospect the development process of CMFD technologies, including block-based and keypoint-based. Besides, the performance evaluation criterions and the datasets created for evaluating the performance of CMFD methods are also collected in this review. At last, future research directions and conclusions are given to provide beneficial advice for researchers in this field.

Image Forgery Detection Using Gabor Filter (가보 필터를 이용한 이미지 위조 검출 기법)

  • NININAHAZWE, Sheilha;Rhee, Kyung-Hyune
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2014.11a
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    • pp.520-522
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    • 2014
  • Due to the availability of easy-to-use and powerful image editing tools, the authentication of digital images cannot be taken for granted and it gives rise to non-intrusive forgery detection problem because all imaging devices do not embed watermark. Forgery detection plays an important role in this case. In this paper, an effective framework for passive-blind method for copy-move image forgery detection is proposed, based on Gabor filter which is robust to illumination, rotation invariant, robust to scale. For the detection, the suspicious image is selected and Gabor wavelet is applied from whole scale space and whole direction space. We will extract the mean and the standard deviation as the texture features and feature vectors. Finally, a distance is calculated between two textures feature vectors to determine the forgery, and the decision will be made based on that result.

Hybrid copy-move-forgery detection algorithm fusing keypoint-based and block-based approaches (특징점 기반 방식과 블록 기반 방식을 융합한 효율적인 CMF 위조 검출 방법)

  • Park, Chun-Su
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 2018
  • The methods for detecting copy move frogery (CMF) are divided into two categories, block-based methods and keypoint-based methods. Block-based methods have a high computational cost because a large number of blocks should be examined for CMF detection. In addition, the forgery detection may fail if a tampered region undergoes geometric transformation. On the contrary, keypoint-based methods can overcome the disadvantages of the block-based approach, but it can not detect a tampered region if the CMF forgery occurs in the low entropy region of the image. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to detect CMF forgery in all areas of image by combining keypoint-based and block-based methods. The proposed method first performs keypoint-based CMF detection on the entire image. Then, the areas for which the forgery check is not performed are selected and the block-based CMF detection is performed for them. Therefore, the proposed CMF detection method makes it possible to detect CMF forgery occurring in all areas of the image. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better forgery detection performance than conventional methods.

Fast Detection of Copy-Move Forgery Image using DCT

  • Shin, Yong-Dal
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.411-417
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, we proposed a fast detection method of copy-move forgery image based on low frequency coefficients of the DCT coefficients. We proposed a new matching criterion of copy-moved forgery image detection (MCD) using discrete cosine transform. For each $8{\times}8$ pixel block, the DCT transform is calculated. Our algorithm uses low frequency four (DC, 3 AC coefficient) and six coefficients (DC, 5 AC coefficients) of DCT per $8{\times}8$ pixel block. Our algorithm worked block matching for DCT coefficients of the $8{\times}8$ pixel block is slid by one pixel along the image from the upper left corner to the lower right corner. Our algorithm can reduce computational complexity more than conventional copy moved forgery detection algorithms.

Fast Detection of Copy Move Image using Four Step Search Algorithm

  • Shin, Yong-Dal;Cho, Yong-Suk
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.342-347
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    • 2018
  • We proposed a fast detection of copy-move image forgery using four step search algorithm in the spatial domain. In the four-step search algorithm, the search area is 21 (-10 ~ +10), and the number of pixels to be scanned is 33. Our algorithm reduced computational complexity more than conventional copy move image forgery methods. The proposed method reduced 92.34 % of computational complexity compare to exhaustive search algorithm.

Downscaling Forgery Detection using Pixel Value's Gradients of Digital Image (디지털 영상 픽셀값의 경사도를 이용한 Downscaling Forgery 검출)

  • RHEE, Kang Hyeon
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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    • v.53 no.2
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    • pp.47-52
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    • 2016
  • The used digital images in the smart device and small displayer has been a downscaled image. In this paper, the detection of the downscaling image forgery is proposed using the feature vector according to the pixel value's gradients. In the proposed algorithm, AR (Autoregressive) coefficients are computed from pixel value's gradients of the image. These coefficients as the feature vectors are used in the learning of a SVM (Support Vector Machine) classification for the downscaling image forgery detector. On the performance of the proposed algorithm, it is excellent at the downscaling 90% image forgery compare to MFR (Median Filter Residual) scheme that had the same 10-Dim. feature vectors and 686-Dim. SPAM (Subtractive Pixel Adjacency Matrix) scheme. In averaging filtering ($3{\times}3$) and median filtering ($3{\times}3$) images, it has a higher detection ratio. Especially, the measured performances of all items in averaging and median filtering ($3{\times}3$), AUC (Area Under Curve) by the sensitivity and 1-specificity is approached to 1. Thus, it is confirmed that the grade evaluation of the proposed algorithm is 'Excellent (A)'.

A Study on Website Forgery/Falsification Detection Technique using Images (이미지를 이용한 웹사이트 위·변조 탐지 기법 연구)

  • Shin, JiYong;Cho, Jiho;Lee, Han;Kim, JeongMin;Lee, Geuk
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.81-87
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    • 2016
  • In this paper, we propose a forgery/falsification detection technique of web site using the images. The proposed system captures images of the web site when a user accesses to the forgery/falsification web site that has the financial information deodorizing purpose. The captured images are compared with those of normal web site images to detect forgery/falsification. The proposed system calculates similarity factor of normal site image with captured one to detect whether the site is normal or not. If it is determined as normal, analysis procedure is finished. But if it is determined as abnormal, a message informs the user to prevent additional financial information spill and further accidents from the forgery web site.

Forgery Detection Mechanism with Abnormal Structure Analysis on Office Open XML based MS-Word File

  • Lee, HanSeong;Lee, Hyung-Woo
    • International journal of advanced smart convergence
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.47-57
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    • 2019
  • We examine the weaknesses of the existing OOXML-based MS-Word file structure, and analyze how data concealment and forgery are performed in MS-Word digital documents. In case of forgery by including hidden information in MS-Word digital document, there is no difference in opening the file with the MS-Word Processor. However, the computer system may be malfunctioned by malware or shell code hidden in the digital document. If a malicious image file or ZIP file is hidden in the document by using the structural vulnerability of the MS-Word document, it may be infected by ransomware that encrypts the entire file on the disk even if the MS-Word file is normally executed. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze forgery and alteration of digital document through internal structure analysis of MS-Word file. In this paper, we designed and implemented a mechanism to detect this efficiently and automatic detection software, and presented a method to proactively respond to attacks such as ransomware exploiting MS-Word security vulnerabilities.