• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.19
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• pp.411-444
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• 2010

This paper explored the academic socialization of a group of Mongolian college students, learning Korean as their L3 (Third Language), by focusing on their uses of an electronic communication channel. From a perspective of the continua of bi-literacy, this case study investigated how Mongolian students who had limited exposure to a Korean learning community overcame academic challenges through the use of a written communication channel as a tool in the socialization process. Data were collected mainly through three methods: written products, interviews, and questionnaires. The results from this study were as follows. Interactional opportunities for these minority students were seriously constrained during the classroom practices in a Korean-speaking classroom. They also described the lack of communicative competence in Korean and the limited roles played by L2 (English) communication as key barriers to classroom practices. However, students' ways of engaging in electronic interactions differed widely in that they were able to broaden interactional circles by communicating their expertise and difficulties with their Korean peers through the electronic channel. More importantly, the communication pattern of "L2-L2/L3-L3" (on a L2-L3 continuum) emerging from data demonstrated how these students used a written channel as a socialization tool to mediate their learning process in a new community of learning. This study argues that a written communication channel should be taken as an essential part of teaching practices especially for foreign students who cannot speak Korean fluently in multi-cultural classes.

• IE interfaces
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.306-319
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to study customer-supplier relationships, particularly their partnerships, to help managers and practitioners successfully design, develop, implement and deploy tools and joint practices as a means for an effective supply chain management (SCM). To achieve this purpose, a total of 1,811 potential survey questionnaire respondents responsible for purchasing, sales/marketing, quality-, and production- or operations-related functions of U.S. private manufacturing companies in SIC 35, 36, and 37 were used to collect quantitative data. Using 172 usable survey questionnaire responses, eight hypothesized relationships were tested using two independent (joint use of specific tools and joint practices) and four dependent variables (informed partners, role integrity, conflict resolution, and mutuality). From the overall perspective (customer+supplier), organizations with higher levels of joint action have higher degrees of informed partners whereas organizations with higher levels of joint action resolve conflicts formally and do not have higher degrees of mutuality.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.20-46
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• 2007

Given the pressures to promote the efficient utilization of medical resources, hospitals have developed cost accounting systems in several countries. This study discusses the recent development and problems of hospital cost accounting practices in three countries: UK, US, and Japan. first, we discuss a cost accounting structure and detailed pictures of costing practices. Second, problems of current systems arc reviewed and then possible remedies are discussed. Third, we provide implications for implementing the systems(especially ABC). finally, we assert that infrastructure(hospital information systems, database, etc.) must be established and the target level of costing has to be considered before organization-wide application.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2014

The interest about sustainable development of airport operation field has been increased as the aviation industry has been gradually developed and the influence to the neighboring area of airport has been increased. International organization and airport operator have issued a guidance manual with regard to the sustainability specialized in airport by adopting environment friendly rating system and developing a variety of sustainable practices. In this study, the guideline of sustainability manual appropriate to the local airports will be suggested by reviewing a variety of reference documents issued from foreign airport operators.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.351-372
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• 2004

This paper examines the change of innovation practices in the Korean industry which is entering into the 'post catching-up regime'. In catching-up regime, the technological loaming practices of Korean firms could be characterized as the assimilation and improvement of foreign technologies through crisis construction and time pressure. Crisis construction and time pressure were the important factors enhancing the intensity of technological teaming and shaping the way of doing imitative innovation. But the innovation patterns of firm are changing. The new ways of doing innovation are emerging in Korean mobile phone industry which is becoming a world leader： the emphasis on the importance of technological planning, the enhancement of collaborative networks among related firms, the toleration on the failure and the effort to acquire core technologies. Though Korean firms have not developed enough capabilities to create basic core technologies, they can develop their competitiveness through creative combination of technologies and are approaching the world frontier.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.289-296
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• 1999

In order to develop and enhance our methodology of seismic design in the next generation thee is a need to analyze the environment chronicles and concept of the seismic design in foreign countries. For this purpose we have researched the cases of U.S.A and Europe. In this paper the emphasis was put on the european seismicity and seismic design practices for building structures. In this study the comparison of seismic design codes in some european countries regarding fundamental period and design base shears leads to the conclusion that there exists remarkable difference in the approaches. Particularly the base shears used in european countries give larger values than the one proposed by UBC 97. Though each european country has established similar seismic design code there are also still large difference in the level of construction technology and societal implementation of seismic codes.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.7-18
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• 2019

Purpose - This paper attempts to provide an understanding of practice of franchising in eight countries - USA, UK, Australia, Brazil, China, Malaysia, South Africa and Nigeria. The bases of the review are: number of systems and outlets, employment generation, annual turnover, GDP contribution, legal and regulatory frameworks and country-specific franchise business practice nuances. Research design, data and methodology - the paper is descriptive, highlighting elements of the business practice that distinguish one country from another. Documentary data - mainly industry publications supplemented by empirical literature - was used for the review. Result - Although there are commonalities in the technical design and implementation of franchise business practice - especially the business model type - differences exist in terms of legal and regulatory frameworks guiding the industry across the eight countries studied. Conclusion - There are no two countries that have the same franchise practices. Franchise markets in the developed, and to some extent, the emerging economies have saturated. Franchise markets in African countries are at infant stage and thus, these countries are strategizing to attract foreign brands into their domains.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.63-71
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• 2003

This study aims to experiment on learning French intonation, based on the visualization of melody, which was employed in the early sixties to reeducate those with communication disorders. The visualization of melody in this paper, however, was used to the foreign language learning and produced successful results in many ways, especially in learning foreign intonation. In this paper, we used the PitchWorks to visualize some French intonation samples and experiment on learning intonation based on the bitmap picture projected on a screen. The students could see the melody curve while listening to the sentences. We could observe great achievement on the part of the students in learning intonations, as verified by the result of this experiment. The students were much more motivated in learning and showed greater improvement in recognizing intonation contour than just learning by hearing. But lack of animation in the bitmap file could make the experiment nothing but a boring pattern practices. It would be better if we can use a sound analyser, as like for instance a PitchWorks, which is designed to analyse the pitch, since the students can actually see their own fluctuating intonation visualized on the screen.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.13-19
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• 1997

Foodborne diseases are serious problems throughout the world, because new pathogens have emerged. Nowadays many students eat school lunch provided by school lunch provided by school lunch program. They are threatened by pathogens transmitted by foods. many school children became victims of foodborne diseases. Most foodborne outbreaks were caused by mishandling foods at food service establishments. Food safety practices of school lunch programs in foreign countries were reviewed. Temperature control is the most critical part of keeping the foods safe. In order to prevent foodbrorne diseases in schools, the managers in charge of school lunch program and officials in charge of food safety of local health department try to make sure that foods are out of danger zone of temperature. Prevention of cross contamination, and sanitization of raw foods and utensils are also emphasized by school lunch program managers and health officials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.267-270
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• 2003

The quality assurance activities are important to obtain the safety and reliability in decommissioning of research reactor. It is essential to establish and implement effective quality assurance program. Foreign state-of-the-art standards and practices of quality assurance are investigated and analyzed to select quality assurance requirements. In this paper, guidelines are offered a suggestion to establish optimal the technology standard and lay out the managerial control scheme of quality assurance for decommissioning on research reactor.