• Title/Summary/Keyword: foreign funds

Search Result 72, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

An Analysis on Weighing the Decision Making Factors of Ship Investments for Korean Shipping Companies (우리나라 해운기업의 선박확보 투자 의사결정요인에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Sungbum;Jung, Hyunjae;Lee, Hoyoung;Yeo, Gitae
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
    • /
    • v.29 no.2
    • /
    • pp.137-157
    • /
    • 2013
  • Korean shipping industry is ranked the fifth largest in the world in terms of deadweight tonnage after Greece, Japan, Germany and China with 55 million DWT as of year 2011, and its size of foreign exchange earning marked 30 billion US dollars. In respect of volume of seaborne trade, it has handled 99% of import and export cargoes. Korean shipping fleets have increased from 420 to 979 ships between year 2003 to year 2011. By reviewing through the relating literatures, it has been found that Shipping Funds under Ship Investment Company Act, and Tonnnage Tax System, worked as positive influences to increase the Korean shipping fleets. However, there is scant of research to examine the following two points: 1) weighing the decision making factors of ship investments for Korean shipping companies, and 2) weighing the influential factors of government shipping policies. In this respect, the aim of this study is to evaluate 8 decision making factors of ship investments for Korean shipping companies, and 8 influential factors of government shipping policies. For weighing the factors, the fuzzy methodology was adopted. As the results, for the side of decision making factors of ship investments, 'shipping market conditions and future prospects', 'ship's price and future prospects, and 'securing cargoes and future prospects' are ranked as top 3 factors. For government shipping policies side, 'shipping finance provided by lease companies', 'establishment of Korea Shipping Guarantee Fund', and 'establishment of Korea Shipping Finance Corporation' are verified as the important factors.

A Directional Distance Function Approach on the Efficiency of Chinese Commercial Banks (방향성거리함수를 이용한 중국의 상업은행 효율성 분석)

  • Hwang, Ryeon-Hee;Kim, Seong-Ho;Lee, Dong-Won;Nam, Doo-Woo
    • Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
    • /
    • v.17 no.2
    • /
    • pp.81-94
    • /
    • 2012
  • On December 11, 2001, China joined the WTO and became one of the member countries and the Chinese financial markets had to be open in 5 years. So, the Chinese government transformed national commercial banks into joint-stock banks. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the validity of this decision by the Chinese government. In order to measure the efficiency of banks, the directional distance function (DDF) methodology is used, which analyzes whether a bad output exists in the outputs. In the empirical analysis, the number of staffs, the fixed assets, and the equity capital are used as inputs, while the loans and the non-performing loans ratio are used as a good output and a bad output, respectively. The non-performing loans ratio is included in output since it could affect the efficiency of banks. If it isn't considered in the analysis, a distortion might occur in analyzing the efficiency of banks. The results show that the efficiency of the major commercial banks was improved, and that the efficiency of joint-stocks banks was higher for 2002-2003 while the efficiency of national commercial banks was higher for 2004-2006. It was due mainly to the foreign exchanges reserve funds injected into national commercial banks by the Chinese Ministry of Finance, and as a result bad assets were eliminated.

Influence of Early Childhood Care and Education on Children's Mental Health (I) - Status and Prospects of Child Care and Education Policies of Korea - (영유아보육이 아동의 정신건강에 미치는 영향 : 국내 영유아보육 정책의 실태와 전망)

  • Bahn, Geon Ho;Hong, Minha;Lee, Yeon Jung;Kwack, Young Sook;Joung, Yoo-Sook;Lee, Soyoung Irene;Kim, Bongseog;Sohn, Seok Han;Chung, Un-Sun;Yang, Jaewon;Bhang, Soo-Young;Hwang, Jun-Won;Oh, So Young;Han, Jaehyun;Lee, Jongwon
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • /
    • v.24 no.1
    • /
    • pp.3-12
    • /
    • 2013
  • Most preschool children in Korea attend kindergarten (KG) or a child care center (CCC). CCCs, which focus on caring for the child, belong to the ministry of health and welfare. On the other hand, KGs are responsible for education, and belong to the ministry of education, science and technology. In order to resolve the decline in population due to low birthrates, the government is expanding the free child care and education policies. CCCs and KGs are combined together to form the 'NURI curriculum' and supporting funds have been increased in both governmental departments. In addition, economic support is provided for homeschooling households. Because this is a nationwide policy and applies to every single household, thorough preparation regarding the effect and side effects must be made. This policy is currently being implemented, and as child and adolescent psychiatrists, great consideration should be given to the influence on the population. Therefore, the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry intends to investigate the effects and problems of the nationwide policy by analyzing the current condition of Korea's free child care and education and foreign policies. In the current paper, we reviewed the developmental process of Korea's free child care and education policy, as well as suggested future directions.

A Review on the Financial Profile of Profitability for the KOSDAQ Listed Firms Headquartered in 'Chungcheong' province in the Republic of Korea (국내 충청권 기반 KOSDAQ 상장기업들의 수익성 결정요인 분석)

  • Kim, Hanjoon
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.14 no.11
    • /
    • pp.5476-5487
    • /
    • 2013
  • From foreign and/or domestic investors' perspectives, it may be interesting to find any financial attributes or profile of the firms headquartered in 'Chungcheong' province concerning profitability, given that this subject so far drew less attention in the previous literature. This study performed three hypothesis tests on the profitability indicator by utilizing the models such as the 'panel data' one and the 'logistic' regression one, applying a modified 'Dupont' system. With respect to the major findings, the results identified that the proxies measuring leverage across the book-value(BVLEV1) and the market-value(MVLEV1) bases, were statistically significant constituents determining profitability. Another explanatory variable, SIZE, with its positive and statistically significant relationship to the indicator, represented that the firms in the province were smaller than their counterparts in the other regional areas in Korea. DRELY applying a modified 'Dupont' system, found to be the only statistically significant discriminating factor between these comparison groups. As one of the primary contributions of this study, the outcomes may be used by the financial institutions operated across the regions including Seoul Metropolitan area, when implementing their lending practices to provide funds for potential borrowers such as the firms belonging to 'Chungcheong' province.

The Empirical Research on Tax Effect with the Cooperate Conversion of Private Company (개인기업의 법인전환에 따른 세무효익 연구)

  • Lee Jae-Sung;Seo Il
    • Management & Information Systems Review
    • /
    • v.7
    • /
    • pp.401-426
    • /
    • 2001
  • The form of company divides private and coporate companies. In general. private company has direct connection with owner's fortunes. On the contrary, cooperate company is established by a group of people who invest capital funds on their company and has an independent character. In the case of private company, their are many merits that owner can obtain all the benefits without divisions. However, the owner can mix up the control of accounting between public and private matters. As a result confusing, it is difficult to estimate financial situation of company and is limited to fund supply. Futhermore, owner has unlimited liabilities with law credit as a social cognition. Especially, the government tries to induce conversion of private company into cooperation one on the basis of benefits of tax and so on. In those situations, the purpose of this thesis is to study the management benefits with the conversion of private company into cooperate one focucing on the related tax reduction effect. To do this, I have reviewed all of the related textual achievements and tested the real significancy of tax reduction effect of conversion empirically. Finally, I have concluded that the conversion of private company into coporate one has many benefits including significant tax reduction effect. In other side, I have considered and reviewed many difficulties related conversion privated company into cooperate one and suggested some improvements as results. This thesis is comprises 5 chapters as follows; The first chapter explains purposes and methodologies and extents of this study. The second chapter deals the theoretical basis of conversion of private company into cooperate one and cooperates diverse benefits and types and processes of conversion. The preceding research achievements are also reviewed in this chapter. The third chapter deals empirical testing on the real tax reduction effect of the conversion. The analysis is proceeded through t-test of difference of tax between pre and after conversion. The result is presented so positively that I can conclude that cooperate conversion of private company has real benefit of tax reduction. The forth chapter deals the difficulties and improvements related with conversion. They are considered and reviewed at various aspects such as practical, financial and tax aspect. In fifth chapter, I summarise all of the significant points of this study and have conclusions in various aspects at last. In final point, this study is not enough in sample numbers and sample collecting area for empirical testing of significant tax reduction effect of cooperate conversion and research of more foreign achievements. Those are remained as continuing future studies.

  • PDF

The Analytical Study on the Research Trends of Science Education in Korea(The period : 1992 ~ 1996) (국내 과학교육 연구 동향 분석(기간;1992년 ~ 1996년))

  • 송판섭;기수연;김석중;김정길;김해경;남철우;최도성;한광래;홍행화
    • Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
    • /
    • v.18 no.1
    • /
    • pp.19-28
    • /
    • 1999
  • This study aims to analyze tile research trends of science education in Korea, and suggest the direction of the desirable research, which is to help the improvement of science education practically. To achieve these aims, the papers related to the science education (paper;1288, master′s thesis;724, doctoral thesis;59), which were published from 1992 to 1996 in Korea, are classified by the criteria for the analysis and summed up. The condensed results of this study are as follows, 1. The papers published through this period, maintains the stability in aspect of quantity compared with 1980s. It is owing to the efforts of the prime investigator so that "the science education," as a part of normal science, may settle down in Korea. 2. In the case of thesis for the academic degree, the doctoral theses are rare, as the ratio of the doctoral vs. the master′s is 1:13. Even so, most of the theses were produced by a few universities(master′s thesis/Kor. Nat. Univ. of Edu.;28.3%, Ewha Woman′ Univ.;16.2%, doctoral thesis/Seoul Nat. Univ.;57.6%, Kor. Nat. Univ. of Edu.;22.0%). 3. Most of papers are preponderant at three categories among the ten categories proposed by this study (science teaching-learning material;23.5%, science teaching methods;21.4%, psychology of science education;21.1%). 4. Concerning the subject of research, these papers are not diversity and intensive, that is; the subject related to scientific concepts, scientific thinking and attitude, and analysis of scientific textbook is 17.7%, 14.3%, and 10.5% of the total, respectively. 5. Though not including this study, among the theses for the master of science education, many of theses are related to the subject of pure science. There are some suggestions related to tile results of this study. The severe preponderance ill the training process, the subject, and area of research, can be pointed out one of the flimsy in our researches of science education. Because these cannot be considered separately, the policy and support of educational administration must be needed to remove this phenomena. To improve the present situation of science education, the research funds have to be given to the practical than the theoretical subjects. Which can make promptly a settlement of tile problems and difficulties from the field of science education, and encourage the reseal,:h activities that tile front teachers take part in. Lately, the accumulation of literature and references are a prior condition in the development of academic knowledge. Therefore the data base system for the information of science education and translation of foreign literature related to science education must be achieved. In addition, the programs that tile teacher and the investigator can make good use of such an information without limited conditions, must be prepared.

  • PDF

A Study on the Altmetrics of the Papers of Library and Information Science Researchers Published in International Journals (국제 학술지에 발표된 문헌정보학 연구자 논문의 알트메트릭스에 관한 연구)

  • Jane Cho
    • Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
    • /
    • v.53 no.4
    • /
    • pp.143-162
    • /
    • 2022
  • Altmetrics is an alternative impact evaluation index that evaluates the social interest in the research performance of individuals or institutions in universities, research institutions, and research fund support institutions. This study empirically analyzed what kind of attention a papers of domestic library and information science researchers published in an international academic journal was receiving in the international community using Altmetric explorer. As a result of the analysis, 230 papers were tracked. The average Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) was 6.63, but there were 2 papers that received overwhelming attention (over 170 points) as they were mentioned in news report and Twitter. Second, there was a tendency for high AAS to appear in cases where a domestic researcher participated as a co-author and the main author belonged to an overseas institution, and in the case where the research funds were supported by foreign government agencies. In addition to the field of the library information science or information system, the papers classified as the field of public health service and education showed high AAS, and it was confirmed that these papers were published in the journals of various fields such as life science. Finally, it was confirmed that there was a weak correlation of r =0.25 between the AAS and the number of citations of the analyzed paper, but a strong correlation of r =0.68 between the number of Mendeley readers and the number of citations.

Developmental Plans and Research on Private Security in Korea (한국 민간경비 실태 및 발전방안)

  • Kim, Tea-Hwan;Park, Ok-Cheol
    • Korean Security Journal
    • /
    • no.9
    • /
    • pp.69-98
    • /
    • 2005
  • The security industry for civilians (Private Security), was first introduced to Korea via the US army's security system in the early 1960's. Shortly after then, official police laws were enforced in 1973, and private security finally started to develop with the passing of the 'service security industry' law in 1976. Korea's Private Security industry grew rapidly in the 1980's with the support of foreign funds and products, and now there are thought to be approximately 2000 private security enterprises currently running in Korea. However, nowadays the majority of these enterprises are experiencing difficulties such as lack of funds, insufficient management, and lack of control over employees, as a result, it seems difficult for some enterprises to avoid the low production output and bankruptcy. As a result of this these enterprises often settle these matters illegally, such as excessive dumping or avoiding problems by hiring inappropriate employees who don't have the right skills or qualifications for the jobs. The main problem with the establishment of this kind of security service is that it is so easy to make inroads into this private service market. All these hindering factors inhibit the market growth and impede qualitative development. Based on these main reasons, I researched this area, and will analyze and criticize the present condition of Korea's private security. I will present a possible development plan for the private security of Korea by referring to cases from the US and Japan. My method of researching was to investigate any related documentary records and articles and to interview people for necessary evidence. The theoretical study, involves investigation books and dissertations which are published from inside and outside of the country, and studying the complete collection of laws and regulations, internet data, various study reports, and the documentary records and the statistical data of many institutions such as the National Police Office, judicial training institute, and the enterprises of private security. Also, in addition, the contents of professionals who are in charge of practical affairs on the spot in order to overcomes the critical points of documentary records when investigating dissertation. I tried to get a firm grasp of the problems and difficulties which people in these work enterprises experience, this I thought would be most effective by interviewing the workers, for example: how they feel in the work places and what are the elements which inpede development? And I also interviewed policemen who are in charge of supervising the private escort enterprises, in an effort to figure out the problems and differences in opinion between domestic private security service and the police. From this investigation and research I will try to pin point the major problems of the private security and present a developmental plan. Firstly-Companies should unify the private police law and private security service law. Secondly-It is essential to introduce the 'specialty certificate' system for the quality improvement of private security service. Thirdly-must open up a new private security market by improving old system. Fourth-must build up the competitive power of the security service enterprises which is based on an efficient management. Fifth-needs special marketing strategy to hold customers Sixth-needs positive research based on theoretical studies. Seventh-needs the consistent and even training according to effective market demand. Eighth-Must maintain interrelationship with the police department. Ninth-must reinforce the system of Korean private security service association. Tenth-must establish private security laboratory. Based on these suggestions there should be improvement of private security service.

  • PDF

A Study on the Factors Affecting the Global Performance in Chinese Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (중국 중소기업의 글로벌 성과에 미치는 영향요인에 관한 연구)

  • Li, Jun-Jian;Kim, Tae-In
    • International Commerce and Information Review
    • /
    • v.14 no.3
    • /
    • pp.3-30
    • /
    • 2012
  • In the development process, small and medium-sized enterprises in China have shown their unique features and regularities which are closely related to China's national condition and economic characteristics. But in 2008, because of the global financial crisis which started in the USA, the rate of Chinese export and the rate of economic growth has evidently slowed. Due to shortage of funds, foreign orders fell, increase the value of RMB, lack of talented factors, Chinese SMEs are facing bankruptcy. In this context, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of domestic and international market environment, the government assistance for entering overseas market, entrepreneur characteristics, etc. on the global performance. Based on these, a research model and some hypotheses were set up and tested by the multiple regression analysis with total 317 effective survey data. The results of this paper are as follows. First, a positive effect relation on the financial performance was shown for the companies with high domestic and international market environment in the aspect of market environment. According to such analysis result, it was found that the market environment in which SMEs belong to is a very important factor. Second, in the aspect of government export assistance related to overseas, market development showed a positive effect relation on the both financial and non-financial performance. However, the direct financial assistance showed a positive effect relation only on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the government assistance program on entering overseas market is having significant effects on SMEs, but direct financial assistance have not achieved the desired results. Third, the innovative-ness and progressiveness of entrepreneur showed a positive effect relation on the global market performance. However, the risk-taking of entrepreneur only showed a negative effect relation on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the entrepreneurship of SMEs is an important and influential factor. This is a result implying that the propensity of taking too much risk is not desirable based on the uncertainty of the global environment market. To sum up, this study confirmed that the market environment, the government assistance and entrepreneur characteristics, which are the major prerequisites of global performance, have effects on global performance.

  • PDF

A Study on the Ecological Indices for the Assessment of the Function and Maturity of Artificial Reefs (인공어초의 기능도와 성숙도 평가를 위한 생태학적 지수에 대한 연구)

  • Yoo, Jae-Won;Hong, Hyun-Pyo;Hwang, Jae-Youn;Lee, Min-Soo;Lee, Yong-Woo;Lee, Chae-Sung;Hwang, Sun-Do
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
    • /
    • v.19 no.1
    • /
    • pp.8-34
    • /
    • 2014
  • We reviewed foreign evaluation systems based on the macrobenthic and macroalgal communities and developed a system, composed of a set of ecological indices able to evaluate the functionality (FI, Functional Index; estimation of stability and productivity) and maturity (MI, Maturity Index; comparisons with biological parameters of natural reefs) of artificial reefs by comparing the status in the adjacent natural reefs in Korean coastal waters. The evaluation system was applied to natural and artificial reefs/reef-planned areas (natural reefs), established in the 5 marine ranching areas (Bangnyeong-Daechung, Yeonpyung, Taean, Seocheon and Buan) in the west coast of Korea. The FI ranged between 31.6 (Bangnyeong-Daechung) and 72.5% (Buan) and MI did between 53.1 (Seocheon) and 76.9% (Taean) in average. The evaluation of artificial reefs by the two indices, showed the most appropriate status in Taean. The FI between the adjacent artificial and natural reefs were in significant linear relationship ($r^2=0.83$, p=0.01). This indicated the local status of biological community may be critical in determining the functionality of the artificial reefs. We have suggested an integrative but preliminary evaluation system of artificial reefs in this study. The output from the evaluation system may be utilized as a tool for environment/resource managers or policy makers, responsible for effective use of funds and decision making. Given the importance, we need to use the options to enhance and improve the accuracy as follows: (1) continuous validation of the evaluation system and rescaling the criteria of indicators, (2) vigorous utilization of observation and experience through the application and data accumulation and (3) development and testing of brand-new indicators.