• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.9C no.2
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• pp.257-266
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• 2002

In 3GPP2 wireless data communications, Mobile IP is used to support macro mobility and PDSN performs the function of foreign agent. The mobility supported when a mobile station moves from one PDSN to another is called a macro mobility. In this Paper, we first examine the possibilities of packet loss and change of packet sequences that can be occurred in macro mobility. Then, to resolve such Problems, we suggest a seamless handoff algorithm in PDSNs based on packet sequence control for each of down-stream and up-stream cases respectively.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.628-631
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• 2009

Five dogs presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the Konkuk University and Hangang Animal Hospital with a history of foreign body ingestion. On physical examination, five dogs showed lethargy, anorexia, or vomiting. Plain radiographs revealed that radiopaque foreign bodies lodged in the heart base or caudal thoracic esophagus. Positive contrast esophagogram revealed that large foreign bodies severely expanded the esophagus and there was no evidence of leakage of the contrast agent from the esophagus into the thoracic cavity. Gastrotomy for retrieval of esophageal foreign bodies using long forceps technique was performed. Esophageal foreign bodies were successfully retrieved in all dogs. The follow-ups were completed 10 days to 2 years after surgery. The follow-up information was based on physical examination by veterinarians and telephone interview with owners. The owners reported that there was no evidence of complications related to surgery such as vomiting, regurgitation, dysphagia, gagging, hyper-salivation, or anorexia in all dogs.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.25-33
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• 2004

Mobile IP Low Latency Handoffs(l) allow greater support for real-time services on a Mobile IP network by minimizing the period of time when a mobile node is unable to send or receive IP packets due to the delay in the Mobile IP Registration process. However, on Mobile IP network with AAA servers that are capable of performing Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting(AAA) services, every Registration has to be traversed to the home network to achieve new session keys, that are distributed by home AAA server, for a new Mobile IP session. This communication delay is the time taken to re-authentication the mobile node and to traverse between foreign and home network even if the mobile node has been previously authorized to old foreign agent. In order to reduce these extra time overheads, we present a method that performs Low Latency Handoffs without requiring further involvement by home AAA server. The method re-uses the previously assigned session keys. To provide confidentiality and integrity of session keys in the phase of key exchange between agents, it uses a key sharing method by gateway foreign agent that performs a trusted thirty party. The proposed method allows the mobile node to perform Low Latency Handoffs with fast as well as secure operation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2004

Mobile IP Low Latency Handoffs allow greater support for real-time services on a Mobile W network by minimizing the period of time when a mobile node is unable to send or receive IP packets due to the delay in the Mobile IP Registration process. However, on Mobile IP network with AAA servers that are capable of performing Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting(AAA) services, every Registration has to be traversed to the home network to achieve new session keys, that are distributed by home AAA server, for a new Mobile IP session. This communication delay is the time taken to re-authenticate the mobile node and to traverse between foreign and home network even if the mobile node has been previously authorized to old foreign agent. In order to reduce these extra time overheads, we present a method that performs Low Latency Handoffs without requiring funker involvement by home AAA server. The method re-uses the previously assigned session keys. To provide confidentiality and integrity of session keys in the phase of key exchange between agents, it uses a key sharing method by gateway foreign agent that Performs a ousted thirty party. The Proposed method allows the mobile node to perform Low Latency Handoffs with fast as well as secure operation

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 1985

This research is designed to systemize the protection theory as well as to supplement the missing theory by organizing various studies on the protective functions of celothes by domestic and foreign scholers of clothing. Human environments is classified two standpoints : (1) Physical environments, and (2) man built psychological environments including socio-physical environments, socio-biological environments, behavioral environments, socio-psychological environments and institution environments. Clothes acting as a physical protection might be of (1) extreme air temperature: Parka; (2) high relative humidity: raincoat; (3) air movement: windbreaker; (4) radiation: space suit; (5) atmospheric pressure: deep sea diver suit; (6) mechanical agent: bullet proof vest; (7) physical agent: (8) chemical agent: (9) biological agent: surgeon's gown, cap, and mask. Also dresses act to support the body comfort, health and the well-being; corset for bad back patient, wrist band for people with weak wrist, bottom half of pressure suit for people with low blood pressure. Clothes acting as a psychological protection might be of (1) influence of magic and of spirits: (2) moral danger; (3) the general unfriendliness of the world as a whole; a reassurance against the lack of love. Clothes should provide the maximum of satisfaction in accordance with the full recognition of reality. The reality should aim at the formulation of general laws concerning the most pleasing forms, colors, and styles to suit. The complex physiological anatomical and psychological aspects of individual personalities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.358-369
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to verify the anthropomorphic design factors of pedagogical agents that can enhance user experience in learning foreign languages (English) through smartphones. In this study, when designing a pedagogical agent that delivers content, the presence or absence of the agent's image, the degree of human nature (HN), and role setting (leader vs. companion) among the anthropomorphic factors that influence facilitating learning, credibility, and engagement perception. As a result of the experiment, HN alone did not show a facilitating learning effect, and images and roles improved not only the facilitating learning effect but also other user experience factors. When HN factors were designed in combination with image and role factors, they were effective in overall user experience effects such as facilitating learning, credibility, and engagement.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.336-339
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• 2009

A 4-year-old, neutered male Shih-tzu dog weighing 5.4 kg was referred due to anorexia and chronic coughing. Based on history, physical examination, laboratory tests, radiographic findings, echocardiography, and bronchoscopic examination, the dog was diagnosed as tracheobronchial foreign body. The foreign body was steamed rice debris, which was removed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with vacuum suction of bronchoscopy. Bacterial and fungal culture of collected BAL fluid was negative. Baermann test for lungs parasites also was negative. The dog was treated with bronchodilator, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agent, and mucolytics for 7 days. Appetite increased and coughing sign was clearly improved after removal of foreign body and medical therapy. This case report describes that bronchoscopic techniques are available for the evaluation and management of airway foreign bodies.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.42 no.3 s.303
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

At IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), recently RFC3775, RFC3776 documents about the mobile IPv6 were standardized by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). Those specifications propose that during the roaming, the mobile node sends securely the binding update to the home agent and the correspondent node after setting the security association between Mobile Node and Home Agent. But there is no secure bootstrapping method between a mobile node and a home agent at the two RFC documents. This paper proposed a method for the secure bootstrapping between a mobile node and a home agent. This makes the authentication, binding update, home agent assignment, security association distribution through the AAA-based secure channel between mobile node and home agent. And the proposed method was analyzed in the view of the procedure, round trip and security strength.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 1994

Garbage composting was studied in a controlled batch reactor with the addition of cooked rice as a biodegradable carbon source to find the effect of C/N ratio control on composting. And composting of bulking agents such as sawdust and wheat straw were tested with the addition of ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source. As expected, biodegradation of the garbage having low C/N ratio was improved to some extent when foreign carbon was added. But bulking agents used in this study exerted slightly biodegradable carbon potential, indicating that the estimation of the dose of additional carbon considering desirable C/N ratio was not reasonable when lignocellulosic bulking material was added to garbage. It was found that the optimum moisture content increased with sawdust addition meaning the C/N ratio increment. Considering the above results, it was suggested that 78g sawdust per 100g garbage should be mixed to make C/N ratio to 25 and moisture content to 56% for effective composting of the garbage studied in this paper.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2020

There is great confusion over what constitutes public diplomacy (PD), who its actors are, and the relevance of non-state actors. In the Korean context, in addition to the general fuzziness of the concept, linguistic peculiarities of the terms gonggong and gongjung both of which refer to public, waegyo, which is interchangeably used for international affairs, foreign policy and diplomacy, and juche which is simultaneously used for actor and agent, add more layers of confusion. While the term PD in Korea is based almost entirely on Western conceptualization, these linguistic peculiarities prevent fruitful conversations among scholars and practitioners on PD. Against this background, this research note explores and addresses conceptual ambiguities that pertains to PD and the policy discourse on the topic, particularly on non-state PD in Korea. The paper draws on Korean government's PD-related policy documents and Diplomatic White Papers and all relevant academic articles found in Korean-language journals registered in the Korean Citation Index (KCI), which are analysed to gain an understanding of the PD-related policy discourse in Korea.