• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.765-784
• /
• 2014

In comparison with conventional shape memory actuated structures, antagonistic shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators permits a fully reversible two-way response and higher response frequency. However, excessive internal stress could adversely reduce the stroke of the actuators under repeated use. The two-way shape memory effect might further decrease the range of the recovered strain under actuation of an antagonistic SMA actuator unless additional components (e.g., spring and stopper) are added to regain the overall actuation capability. In this paper, the performance of all four possible types of SMA actuation schemes is investigated in detail with emphasis on five key properties: recovered strain, cyclic degradation, response frequency, self-sensing control accuracy, and controllable maximum output. The testing parameters are chosen based on the maximization of recovered strain. Three types of these actuators are antagonistic SMA actuators, which drive with two active SMA wires in two directions. The antagonistic SMA actuator with an additional pair of springs exhibits wider displacement range, more stable performance under reuse, and faster response, although accurate control cannot be maintained under force interference. With two additional stoppers to prevent the over stretch of the spring, the results showed that the proposed structure could achieve significant improvement on all five properties. It can be concluded that, the last type actuator scheme with additional spring and stopper provide much better applicability than the other three in most conditions. The results of the performance analysis of all four SMA actuators could provide a solid basis for the practical design of SMA actuators.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.9
• /
• pp.701-712
• /
• 1994

We are in the process of the deepening of the informationalized society. Such a phenomenon(of deepening of the informationalized society) means that human being is surrounded by a linguistic or semiological environment instead of realistic experience. And it is concerned with the visual design composed by the visual languages and semiotics of Arts. Because the visual design is a kind of the linguisticsmion using the visual formation. This penomena necessarily brings the expansion of the quatity of information and accompanies the simplification of messages. Therefore when we apply the simplicity resulting from the ideality of KYEORE painting(the folk Art of Korea), it can be cotribute to those who should be in the center of semiological environment more deeply as a source to maximize the effect of communication, which is the conclusion of this study. In sort, the characteristics of our KYEORE painting is the ideal expression. There are found not a few problems such as the depiction of forms, the perspective representation, the chiaroscuro, the expression of material if we evaluate them from the western formative viewpoint. But the depiction of the fact is less direct than the ideal expression itself, is likely to be much complicated, and can be far away from the world of reality. Because it is just the first step for satisfying the ideal images in man. In the composition of KYEORE painting is dominated by the rules nonprescription of time amd place, colloquialism of the meaning, distinction maximization. They are all the compositive characteristics resulting from the ideality. If these characteristics are modulated intelligently to the current thoughts, they will help to build the new visual communication system of Korea which has more direct and fast absorption force.

• Advances in Computational Design
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.19-35
• /
• 2022

In this paper, the optimum location of the belt truss-outrigger for a combined system of framed tube, shear core and outrigger-belt truss is calculated. The optimum location is determined by maximization of the first natural frequency. The framed tube is modeled using a non-prismatic cantilever beam with hollow box cross section. The governing differential equation is solved using the weak form integral equations and the natural frequencies of the structure are calculated. The graphs are introduced for quick calculation of the first natural frequency. The location of the belt truss-outrigger that maximizes the first natural frequency of the structure is introduced as an optimum location. The structure is modeled using SAP-2000 finite elements software. In the modelling, the location of the belt truss-outrigger is changed along the height of the structure. With various locations of the outrigger, the lateral deflection of the all stories and axial force in the columns of the outer tube are calculated. The analysis is repeated by locating the outrigger-belt truss at the optimum location. The analysis results are compared and effect of the optimum location on the lateral deflection and the shear lag phenomena are investigated.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.25
• /
• pp.131-146
• /
• 2010

Purpose of this research about reduction the scholastic systematic triangular position of the security guard martial art which repeats a development is insufficient with demand of the while society to recognize and for the philosophic value research of security guard martial art composition principle puts out with the one method and from the reporter to search the aesthetics which appears does. In order to attain the goal of the research which sees the literature which relates with an security guard martial art widly, was an investigation and observed the aesthetics from concept and martial art of aesthetics and this the technical free use ability from actual site of the technical find which leads the practice voluntary repetition practice of security guard martial art with character and the body guard aesthetic integral part experience possibly did, there being will be able to acquire an aesthetic inspiration, confirmed. So the security guard martial art follows the composition principle of maximization central attitude and shock point breath control and mental intensive etc. of reinforcement of direction shock of relativity redundancy mental moral culture body agreement characteristic force and relaxation force and is completed and will be able to embody an aesthetic value with aesthetic elements of technical polishing process inside goes about reduction.