• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2023

Natural ventilation has proven to be an effective passive strategy in improving energy efficiency and providing healthy environments. However, such a strategy has not been commonly adopted to tall office buildings that traditionally rely on single-skin façades (SSFs), due to the high wind pressure that creates excessive air velocities and occupant discomfort at upper floors. Double-skin façades (DSFs) can provide an opportunity to facilitate natural ventilation in tall office buildings, as the fundamental components such as the additional skin and openings create a buffer to regulate the direct impact of wind pressure and the airflow around the buildings. This study investigates the impact of modified multi-story type DSFs on indoor airflow in a 60-story, 780-foot (238 m) naturally ventilated tall office building under isothermal conditions. Thus, the performance of wind effect related components was assessed based on the criteria (e.g., air velocity and airflow distribution), particularly with respect to opening size. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was utilized to simulate outdoor airflow around the tall office building, and indoor airflow at multiple heights in case of various DSF opening configurations. The simulation results indicate that the outer skin opening is the more influential parameter than the inner skin opening on the indoor airflow behavior. On the other hand, the variations of inner skin opening size help improve the indoor airflow with respect to the desired air velocity and airflow distribution. Despite some vortexes observed in the indoor spaces, cross ventilation can occur as positive pressure on the windward side and negative pressure on the other sides generate productive pressure differential. The results also demonstrate that DSFs with smaller openings suitably reduce not only the impact of wind pressure, but also the concentration of high air velocity near the windows on the windward side, compared to SSFs. Further insight on indoor airflow behaviors depending on DSF opening configurations leads to a better understanding of the DSF design strategies for effective natural ventilation in tall office buildings.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2023

Objective: Kinesio tape has been applied to the ankle to improve balance and gait. Stroke patients show abnormal gait patterns due to foot drop. This study aimed to determine the effects of ankle balance taping which to support the ankle joint on balance and gait in patients with chronic stroke. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-four chronic stroke patients were selected and randomized into experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=12). The experimental group applied kinesio taping three times a week for three weeks, and the control group applied placebo taping for the same amount of time. To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment, the subjects' walking ability, static balance, and dynamic balance were assessed before and after the experiment. Gait speed and spatiotemporal gait ability were measured to examine walking ability, postural sway velocity and velocity moment for static balance, and Timed-Up and Go test and Berg Balance Scale were conducted to check dynamic balance. Results: The experimental group showed a significant increase in walking ability, static balance, and dynamic balance in the within-group pre-post difference (p<0.05). In the between-group comparison, the experimental group had a significant difference in walking ability than the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Ankle balance taping can help improve gait, and this study can be used as a basis for future studies of ankle balance taping.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2017

이 논문은 남한산성(南漢山城) 행궁(行宮) 후원에 위치한 옥천정(玉泉亭)을 조명한 논문이다. 옥천정 일대는 남한산성 행궁 내에 존재했던 관설(官設) 정자터이지만 이 못지않게 조선후기 경화세족의 정원 문화를 보여주는 상징적인 장소이기도 하다. 기존의 남한산성 발굴 조사에서 바위글씨를 통해 자취가 알려졌지만 그동안 체계적인 연구가 진행되지 않아 건축시기 및 조영자 등에 대한 기초적인 사항조차 정립되지 못했다. 본고는 이러한 현실에 주목하여 문헌분석을 통해 옥천정의 기초자료를 구축하였으며, 현장의 바위글씨를 판독하여 옥천정 정원의 면모를 추찰하는 한편 문헌과의 대조를 통해 옥천정의 정확한 위치를 비정하였다. 옥천정은 19세기 대표적인 경화세족 중 하나인 심상규가 광주유수의 임소였던 남한산성 행궁 후원에 조성하고 경영한 정자로 산기슭의 맑은 물줄기에 연하여 입지하고 있다. 물줄기가 흘러 여러 암반으로 구성된 폭포 풍애폭(楓靄瀑)은 작은 못을 이루어 추수담(秋水潭)을 만들었고, 폭포의 석벽은 옥천(玉泉)으로 인식되었다. 폭포 전면에는 옥천정임을 알리는 입석 옥천암 표석이 존재하고 그 위로는 영연대(泠然臺)를 중심으로 한 바위언덕과 단풍나무숲이 어우러진 임원(林苑)이 나타나 전형적인 임천정원(林泉庭苑)의 특성을 보인다. 풍애폭에서 작은 소로인 가미경(歌薇逕)을 따라 약 60m 오르면 행궁 일대를 부감할 수 있는 시야를 확보한 옥천정이 존재한다. 옥천정은 행궁 후원에 위치함에도 불구하고 심상규에 의해 반공적(半公的)인 정원(semi public garden)으로 조성되고 운영되었다. 옥천정은 남한산성에 존재하는 유일한 정원 유적이며 반드시 보존되어야 할 중요한 유산이다. 본 연구가 세계문화유산 남한산성을 보다 온전하고 진정성 있게 복원해 나아가는 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 감성과학
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2016

소비자들은 구두를 단순히 발을 보호하고 편안하게 해주는 역할 뿐만 아니라 장식과 자아 이미지를 표현해주는 패션제품으로써 인지하는 경향이 있다. 온라인 시장 분석에서 구두가 소비자들의 일상생활에서 중요한 제품이라고는 하였지만 인터넷 구두 시장을 조사한 연구는 드물다. 본 연구는 인터넷 구두시장에서 구두 e-충동구매과정에 대한 쇼핑성향, 마케팅 자극, 소비자들이 인지하는 위험지각의 영향에 초점을 맞추어 조사하였다. 최근 6개월 동안 구두 e-충동구매를 경험한 적이 있는 대학생들 총 408명을 대상으로 자기기술형식의 자료를 수집하였다. 결과에 의하면, 쾌락적 쇼핑성향이나 브랜드 쇼핑성향이 높은 소비자들은 인터넷에서 제공하는 마케팅 자극(판매촉진 자극이나 제품자극)을 더 많이 인지하였고, 반면 경제적 쇼핑성향의 소비자들은 마케팅 자극을 더 낮게 인지하였으나 기능적인 위험은 더 높게 지각하는 것으로 나타났다. 구두의 경우, 마케팅 자극이 강할수록 e-충동구매는 증가하였으나 소비자들이 지각하는 위험은 e-충동구매에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이러한 연구결과는 소비자의 쇼핑성향에 영향을 받는 마케팅 자극이 구두 e-충동구매를 유발하는데 중요한 요인임을 제안한다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in gait and mobility according to the types of assistive device for ankle joint including ankle foot orthosis (AFO), non-elastic tape, elastic tape, and high ankle shoes in chronic hemiplegic stroke survivors. Design: A cross-over design. Methods: Twelve hemiplegic stroke survivors participated in this study, and they walked under 5 different conditions including bare feet, wearing a AFO, wearing a non-elastic tape, wearing a elastic tape, and wearing a high ankle shoes. During the participants walked, the spatio-temporal gait analysis and mobility examinations were performed. For the spatio-temporal gait analysis (gait velocity and cadence, step length, stride length, and single and double leg support time) and mobility examinations, the gait mat, TUG and TUDS were used. Results: As s results, on the AFO, non-elastic tape, elastic tape, and high ankle shoes, there were significantly differences in the all spatio-temporal gait parameters, TUG, and TUDS compared to barefoot (p<0.05). In particular, all spatio-temporal gait parameters, TUG, TUDS were significantly improved with AFO compared to barefoot. TUG was significantly improved with AFO compared to non-elastic tape, TUG and TUDS were significantly improved with AFO compared to elastic tape, gait velocity was significantly improved with non-elastic tape compared to high ankle shoes, gait velocity and TUG were significantly improved with elastic tape compared to high ankle shoes, and TUDS was significantly improved with non-elastic tape compared to elastic tape. Conclusion: The AFO, non-elastic tape, elastic tape, and high ankle shoes showed a positive effect on gait and mobility compared to barefoot, and among them, wearing AFO was most effective for improving gait and mobility of chronic hemiplegic stroke survivors.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.655-665
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• 2022

This study evaluated the validity of a newly developed mobility protocol examining the comfort functions and requirements of personal protective equipment (PPE) for COVID-19 healthcare workers. Eight males (age: 24.7 ± 3.0 y, height: 173.4 ± 2.3 cm, and body weight 69.9 ± 3.7 kg) participated in the following three PPE conditions: (1) Plastic gown ensemble, (2) Level D ensemble, and (3) Powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) ensemble. The mobility protocol consisted of 10 different tasks in addition to donning and doffing. The 10 tasks were repeated twice at an air temperature of 25oC with 74% RH. The results showed significant differences among the three PPE conditions in mean skin temperature, local skin temperatures (the forehead, thigh, calf, and foot), clothing microclimate (the chest and back), thermal sensation, thermal comfort, and humidity sensation, while there were no significant differences in heart rate or total sweat rate. At rest, the subjects felt less warm and more comfortable in the PAPR than in the Level D condition (P<0.05). However, subjective perceptions in the PAPR and Level D conditions became similar as the tasks progressed and mean skin and leg temperature became greater for the PAPR than the Level D condition (P<0.05). An interview was conducted just after completing the mobility test protocol, and suggestions for improving each PPE item were obtained. To sum up, the mobility test protocol was valid for evaluating the comfort functions of PPE for healthcare workers and obtaining requirements for improving the mobility of each PPE item.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2013

Outbreak of animal infectious diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, avian influenza are becoming prevalent worldwide. For prevent the further infection, tremendous numbers of the infected or culled stocks are buried around farm. This burial method can generate a wide range of detrimental components such as leachate, nutrient, salt, and pathogenic bacteria, consequently. In this study, for the stabilization of livestock carcasses leachate, advanced oxidation processes utilizing the Fenton reaction was investigated in lab-scale experiments for the treatment for $COD_{Cr}$ of livestock carcass leachate. $COD_{Cr}$ reduction by the Fenton oxidation was investigated response surface methodology using the Box-Begnken methods were applied to the experimental results. A central composite design was used to investigate the effects of the independent variables of pH ($x_1$), dosage of $FeCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O$ ($x_2$) and dosage of $H_2O_2$ ($x_3$) on the dependent variables $COD_{Cr}$ concentration ($y_1$). A 1 M NaOH and $H_2SO_4$ was using for pH control, $FeCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O$ was used as iron catalyst and NaOH was used for Fenton reaction. The optimal conditions for Fenton oxidation process were determined: pH, dosage of $FeCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O$ and dosage of $H_2O_2$ were 3, 0.6 g (0.0151 M) and 7 mL(0.259 M), respectively. Statistical results showed the order of significance of the independent variables to be pH > initial concentration of ferrous ion > initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2006년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.227-231
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• 2006

21세기의 새로운 뉴미디어의 시대를 살아가는 오늘날 만화 및 애니메이션은 각종 영상매체에서의 중요성과 더불어 모든 예술분야에서의 그 비중은 갈수록 커지게 되었다. 특히 날이 갈수록 발전하는 시각문화에 대한 유저들의 소구는 감성공학과 더불어 감성디자인의 필요성을 절실히 깨닫게 해주고 있다. 더군다나 한국과 같은 지리적인 위치에서 일본 문화 중에서도 가장 중독성이 있는 만화, 애니메이션의 영향은 청소년부터 장년층까지 두루 미치고 있는 이유로 한국적인 만화 언어에 대한 체계적인 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 상황에 따른 적절한 연구가 필요하다 생각되어 그 중에서도 만화 캐릭터의 표정에 대한 연구를 위해 일본 만화에 등장하는 캐릭터들의 표정을 크게 "희(기쁨), 노(분노), 애(슬픔), 락(즐거움)"과 공포(무서움), 놀라움, 혐오(역겨움)으로 나누고 이것을 기준으로 만화에서 감정을 표현하는 최소한의 도식적인 표정 요소들을 도출하여 사람의 감정을 표현하는 단어들과 연관시켜 이미지맵을 작성하고, 이를 기반으로 독자들이 만화의 표정언어를 어떻게 인지하는지에 대한 측정도구를 만들어보았다. 표정 요소 도출을 위해 선택된 일본 만화의 샘플들은 우선 출판만화로 한정하였으며, 차후에 애니메이션 캐릭터의 표정분석을 위한 발판을 마련하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2008

합리식은 배수시설을 설계하기 위한 기본방정식으로 이용되고 있으며, 유출계수, 강우강도와 유역면적의 함수이다. 본 연구에서는 조경공간의 배수시설설계에 이용되는 합리식의 유출계수를 블록포장지역을 대상으로 지역적 강우분포를 고려하여 산정하였다. 합리식의 유출계수는 강우강도와 유출량의 비로 나타낼 수 있다. 강우강도는 재현기간과 강우지속기간의 함수로, 강우의 특성상 지역에 따라 변한다. 따라서 합리식의 유출계수는 동일한 재현기간과 강우지속기간일지라도 지역에 따라 강우강도가 변하므로 지역에 따라 변한다. 또한, 강우강도와 유출량의 비는 강우량에 대한 손실량에 따라 결정되므로, 손실량을 산정하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 Horton의 침투법칙 중 종기침투능을 이용하였다. 블록포장지역의 침투는 줄눈을 통하여 발생하며, 줄눈은 시간이 지남에 따라 황사, 오염물질, 꽃가루 등에 의하여 공극이 메워지고, 답압 등에 의하여 다져질 것이므로, 침투능은 감소할 것이다. 시공연한이 다른 6개 지역의 블록포장지역을 대상으로 Horton의 종기침투능을 산정하여 시간이 지남에 따라 침투능이 감소하는 것을 확인하였고, 지역별 재현기간 10년에 대한 강우지속기간 10, 20 및 30분에 해당하는 강우강도를 선정하여, 합리식의 유출계수를 산정하였다. 본 연구의 결과로, 산정 된 블록포장지 역의 유출계수 범위는 재현기간 10년, 강우지속기간 10분의 경우 지역에 따라 $0.94{\sim}0.84$의 범위를 가진다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

This study set out to identify problems with amphibian habitation by the wetland types and improve their habitation environment in urban forest wetlands, thus creating a habitat for amphibians. Study site include forest swamps in Jatjul Park as well as Yeoji neighborhood Park in Guro-gu, and in Choansan neighborhood Park in Dobong-gu. The forest swamp in Jatjul Park gets its water from Mt. Maebong and it is a former escalated farmland-turned wetland. The swamp area is $2,500m^2$, a forest zone and a landscape planting site are 83.27% and 6.70% each. Target species Seoul pond frogs are inseparable from rice fields because they live in a short radius of and lay eggs in or near paddy fields, and Rana nigromaculata have similarities with Rana plancyi chosenica in choosing their habitats. There was need for paths that would lead to other paths so amphibians would spread to other parts of the forest and for measures to secure open water. Modifying a variety of routes for water, human and animals along with building a buffer to keep the core habitation zones were required. The forest swamp in Yeonji neighborhood Park used to be a water reservoir on the foot of Mt. Gunji. The swamp area is $1,980m^2$, a forest zone and farmland account for 80.61% and 4.88% each. Non-point pollutants from upstream along run into the subject forest marsh, bare ground on the around swamp and steep stone embankments obstructed amphibians. Target species was Bufo gargarizans that live in forests and edges of hills and spawn in deep water. The forest swamp in Choansan neighborhood Park gets its water from Mt. Choan and it is close to its water source that it is a mountain stream forest wetland. The basin and the swamp are $35,240m^2$ and $250m^2$ in size respectively. A forest zone accounts for 90.20%, high stone embankments laid in refurbishing the valley obstruct amphibians and there is water shortage in times of droughts. Target species were Rana coreana, Rana dybowskii and Hynobius leechii that live in mountain valleys, streams and wetlands and lay eggs in forest marshes and rocks in valleys. Looking into the three swamps of amphibian habitation, I came to conclusions that those wetlands were suitable for their amphibians but man-made facilities blocked their corridors leading to other corridors and even killed off target species in some parts of those swamps by destroying those parts. Amphibians live in water, on ground and underground at different stages of life. Hence, we should take this fact into consideration when planning their habitats and design core habitation zones, buffers zone and use zones accordingly. Buffer zones ought to be between core habitation zones and surrounding trees. Aiming at protecting core habitation zones, buffers should be in harmony with habitation zones. Use zones should be minimized in size and not in direct contact with core habitation zones.