• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 2016

P시에서는 음폐수 처리를 위해 병합처리시설을 설치하였으나, 음폐수 발생량 대비 처리용량이 부족한 실정이다. 또한 병합처리시설 방류수는 인근 바다로 직방류 되고 있어 환경적 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 P하수처리장을 대상으로 P시 발생 음폐수 처리 초과 분량 및 병합처리시설 방류수 연계처리 가능성을 검토하였다. 예상 가능한 4개의 시나리오를 세운 후, 각각의 최대 음폐수 및 병합처리시설 방류수 허용 투입량을 산정 하고, 투입 후 P하수처리장 유입수 성상 변화및 시나리오별 예상 처리비용을 비교 하였다. 검토된 모든 시나리오에서 환경부의 음폐수 병합처리 업무지침을 준수하면서 음폐수 및 병합처리시설 방류수 대부분을 P하수처리장에 연계 처리 가능하며 하수처리장 부하에도 큰 영향을 주지 않을 것으로 산정 되었다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.171-174
• /
• 2015

This study investigates the possibility of applying food waste leachate to a municipal solid waste incinerator in order to effectively dispose of the material and to reduce the environmental impact. The spray positions and the quantity of the food waste leachate in municipal solid waste incinerator were adjusted to examine the stability of the process and the environmental effect. The rear of the first combustion chamber was found to be the desirable location for an environmental perspective in this study. At a food waste leachate injection rate of $2m^3/h$, the concentration of the emitted NOx decreased from 130 ppm to 40 ppm. The consumption of ammonia water was reduced by about 36% after adding the food waste leachate. The inclusion of the food waste leachate to the municipal incinerator also increased the amount of steam that was produced. The results of this research indicated that a positive outcome can be expected in terms of diversifying the treatment options for food waste leachate. The results also provide guidance for institutional framework to manage the incineration of the food waste leachate.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.157-161
• /
• 2017

Simultaneous treatment of food waste leachate and power generation was investigated in an air-cathode microbial fuel cell. A TCOD removal efficiency of $95.4{\pm}0.3%$ was achieved for an initial COD concentration of 2,860 mg/L. Maximum power density ranged was maximized at $1.86W/m^3$, when COD concentration varied between 60 mg/L and 2,860 mg/L. Meanwhile, columbic efficiency was determined between 1.76% and 11.07% for different COD concentrations. Cyclic voltammetric data revealed that the oxidation peak voltage occurred at -0.20 V, shifted to about -0.25 V. Moreover, a reduction peak voltage at -0.45 V appeared when organic matters were exhausted, indicating that reducible matters were produced during the decomposition of organic matters. The results showed that it was feasible to use food waste leachate as a fuel for power generation in a microbial fuel cell, and the treatment efficiency of the wastewater was satisfied.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.461-466
• /
• 2011

The feasibility of utilizing food waste leachate as an external carbon source was tested to enhance biological nutrient removal from an industrial wastewater with an average flow rate of $164,800m^3/d$ and a low carbon/nitrogen ratio of 2.8. A considerable improvement in the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus was observed when a certain amount of the leachate, ranging from 70 to $142m^3/d$, was supplemented to the biological industrial wastewater treatment process. The addition of the leachate led to an increase in the BOD/N ratio (4.5) and the removal efficiency of nutritents from 29.7% to 71.7% for nitrogen and from 34.8% to 65.6% for phosphorus. However, an excessive dose of the leachate that significantly exceeded $120m^3/d$ caused serious operational problems, like oil-layer formation in the grit chamber and scum layer in the primary clarifier. Thus, an supplement of food waste leachate at a dose acceptable to an existing facilities can be a practical and effective means to enhance the nutrient removal from industrial wastewater and to dispose of the food waste leachate.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2012

In this study, the performance of new digestion system (NDS) for the treatment of food waste leachate was evaluated. The food waste leachate was fed intermittently to an anaerobic reactor at increasing steps of 3.3 L/day (hydraulic retention time [HRT] = 30 day), 5 L/day (HRT = 20 day), and finally 10 L/day (HRT = 10 day). In the anaerobic reactor, the pH and alkalinity were maintained at 7.6 to 8.2 and 8,940-14,400 mg/L, respectively. Maximum methane yield determined to be 0.686L $CH_4$/g volatile solids (VS) containing HRT over 20 day. In the digester, 102,328 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L was removed to produce 350 L/day (70% of the total) of biogas, but in the digested sludge reduction (DSR) unit, only 3,471 mg COD/L was removed with a biogas production of 158 L/day. Without adding any chemicals, 25% of total nitrogen (TN) and 31% of total phosphorus (TP) were removed after the DSR, while only 48% of TN and 32% of TP were removed in the nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals (NPHM) removal unit. Total removal of TN was 73% and total removal of TP was 63%.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.183-192
• /
• 2015

Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was applied to optimize the thermal-alkaline pre-treatment operating conditions for anaerobic digestion of flotation scum in food waste leachate. Three independent variables such as thermal temperature, NaOH concentration and reaction time were evaluated. The maximum methane production of 369.2 mL $CH_4/g$ VS was estimated under the optimum conditions at $62.0^{\circ}C$, 10.1% NaOH and 35.4 min reaction time. A confirmation test of the predicted optimum conditions verified the validity of the BBD with RSM. The analysis of variance indicated that methane production was more sensitive to both NaOH concentration and thermal temperature than reaction time. Thermal-alkaline pretreatment enhanced the improvement of 40% in methane production compared to the control experiment due to the effective hydrolysis and/or solubilization of organic matters. The fractions with molecular weight cut-off of scum in food waste leachate were conducted before and after pre-treatment to estimate the behaviors of organic matters. The experiment results found that thermal-alkaline pre-treatment could reduce the organic matters more than 10kD with increase the organic matters less than 1kD.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2016

일체형 2상 혐기성소화 방식은 기존 분리형 2상 혐기성소화의 단점을 보완할 수 있는 기술로 산발효조와 메탄발효조가 병합된 형태의 일체형으로 구성되어 유기물 부하변동 대처 용이, 설치부지면적 감소 등의 이점이 있다. 본 연구는 음폐수를 기질로 일체형 2상 혐기성소화의 유기물 분해효율 및 바이오가스 생산량 등에 대한 실험을 실시하여 기존 분리형 2상 혐기성소화와의 효율 비교를 통해 대규모 플랜트 설치의 타당성 여부를 검토하였다. 5ton/일 규모의 Pilot Plant를 구성하여 약 130일 간 소화조 내 유기물 변화, 바이오가스 생산량 및 메탄함량 등의 실험을 실시하였다. 실험 결과, 평균 음폐수 투입량은 $4.1m^3$/일이었으며, 이때 VS 제거효율은 약 77%로 나타났다. 바이오가스는 평균적으로 투입 음폐수 ton당 약 $63.0m^3$($0.724m^3/kg-VS_{added}$)가 발생되었으며, 메탄함량은 약 61.3%로 분석되었다. 일체형 2상 혐기성소화는 기존 산발효조와 메탄발효조가 분리된 소화방식과 유기물 제거 측면에서 다소 높게 나타났다. 결과적으로 일체형 2상 혐기성소화 방식은 충분히 고농도 유기성 폐수인 음폐수 처리에 있어서 상용화가 가능하다는 결론을 내릴 수 있었다.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.763-773
• /
• 2010

The removal efficiencies and a total oxygen transfer coefficient for food waste leachate(FWL) were estimated by using Jet Loop Reactor(JLR). Pure oxygen was used instead of air to improve oxygen concentration in the JLR for high total chemical oxygen demamd(TCOD) in FWL. In JLB, in order to examining the oxygen transfer characteristic, the circulation flowrate and oxygen flowrate were controlled with 7~10 L/min(1.5 L/min interval) and 0.2~0.5 L/min (0.1 L/min interval) and we experimented according to the each condition. As a result, Oxygen uptake rate(OUR) and oxygen transfer rate could be maximized than the oxygen flowrate to increase the circulation flowrate. In addition, it determined that JLR using the pure oxygen which can obtain the greatest oxygen transfer rate as it was the high-concentration organic wastewater like the food waste leachate through the continuous experiment was appropriate.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 침출수 재순환 시스템을 적용한 중온 혐기성소화를 이용하여 음식물류 폐기물을 분해하여 메탄가스를 생산하였다. 실험은 $36^{\circ}C$로 유지되는 항온수조 내에 생물반응조와 침출수 저장조로 구성된 2개의 동일한 시스템(System A, System B)을 사용하였고, 생물반응조 하단 30 mm위에는 스크린이 있어 고액분리를 하여 침출수 저장조로 침출수를 이송하였다. 침출수 재순환은 매일 수행하였으며, 침출수 재순환 시에는 생물반응조 하단에서 침출수 저장조로 2.5 L를 30분간 이송한 뒤 다시 침출수 저장조에서 생물반응조 상부로 2.5 L를 30분간 주입하였다. 주입된 음식물류 폐기물은 수집되기 전 한 번 세척하였으며 반응조에 주입되기 전에 $36^{\circ}C$로 온도를 올렸다. System A에 49.1 g VS, System B에 54.0 g VS을 2주 간격으로 투입하였다. 저해인자로 측정된 항목은 $NH_4{^+}-N$과 염도였으며, 두 가지 항목의 농도 모두 시스템에 끼친 영향은 없는 것으로 나타났다. System A는 112일간, System B는 140일 동안 운전하였는데, 각 시스템에서 인발된 슬러지는 없었다. 음식물류 폐기물의 혐기성 소화를 통한 평균 메탄 발생량은 System A의 경우 0.439 L $CH_4/g$ VS, System B의 경우 0.368 L $CH_4/g$ VS로 나타났다.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 음식물류 폐기물 폐수(이하, 음폐수)를 이용하여 혐기성발효 시 부산물로 생성되는 메탄가스의 생산효율을 높이고자 산발효 전처리를 수행하였으며 전처리된 음폐수를 이용하여 BMP 실험을 통해 메탄생산량 증대를 위한 산발효 최적조건을 확인하고자 하였다. 산발효된 음폐수를 이용하여 BMP 실험을 진행한 결과 HRT 3일 조건에서 0.220 L/g VS의 가장 높은 메탄생산량을 확인하였으며, 초기 pH별 BMP실험에서는 pH 6에서 19,920 mg/L로 가장 높은 VFA와 Acetic acid/TVFA(76.2%)를 보였다. 이때 메탄생산은 약 10일 이내로 대부분 생산되어 일반적인 메탄발효(30일 이내)에 비해 약 1/3수준으로 단축됨을 확인하였다. 메탄생성량은 0.294 L/g VS로 대조군 대비 약 1.3배 높은 효율을 나타내었다.