• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.106-117
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• 2016

Osteoporosis is a major health problem that can lead to mortality. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis separately and to assess the risk factors associated with osteopenia/osteoporosis in Korean men aged 50 years and over. A total of 1,136 subjects were analyzed among the participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010~2011 by using SPSS statistics complex samples (windows ver. 23.0). The prevalence rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis were 46.3% and 7.3%, respectively, and the mean ages of both osteopenia and osteoporosis risk groups were significantly higher than that of the normal group. The mean values for lifetime tallest height and bone mineral density in whole body, total femur, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were significantly lower in the risk group(osteopenia/osteoporosis) than in the normal group, whereas the mean values for height, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides of the two groups showed no significant differences. The intakes of energy and carbohydrates were significantly higher in the risk group than in the normal group. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that being underweight and having hypercholesterolemia were significantly related with the prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis, whereas health habits such as smoking and exercise, chronic diseases such as obesity and hypertension, and nutrient intakes were not. These findings suggest the need for further studies to examine osteopenia/osteoporosis risk factors and outcomes specificly focused on Korean men.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of osteoarthritis as well as assess the risk factors associated with osteoarthritis in Koreans over 65 years using data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V), 2010~2012. Of the participants from KNHANES V, a total of 3,479 subjects were analyzed using SPSS statistics complex samples (Windows ver. 21.0). Osteoarthritis was more frequently found in female (32.5%) or rural (26.8%) groups than male (9.3%) or urban (20.3%) groups. Mean age of the osteoarthritis group was significantly higher than that of the normal group. Mean values of BMI and waist circumference were significantly higher in the osteoarthritis group than in the normal group, whereas height, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels were not. Health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) was significantly higher in the normal group than in the osteoarthritis group. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that obesity and vitamin A/riboflavin intakes were significantly related to the prevalence of osteoarthritis, whereas smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, anemia, and diabetes were not. This study suggests that obesity and nutrient intakes were associated with osteoarthritis, whereas chronic diseases such as hyper-lipidemia, anemia, and diabetes as well as health habits were not. Prospective research of long-term control is needed to establish the effects of those factors on the osteoarthritis.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.350-361
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• 1998

In an attempt to examine the risk factors and analyze an odds ratio for risk factors associated with mild and moderate. severe hypertension, this study was carried out from August, 1987 to September, 1997. From periodic health examinations of insured adults, 747 subjects were assigned to nomotensives, mild hypertensives and moderate' severe hypertensives. Major findings obtained from the study are as follows: 1. The Body mass index(BMI) was revealed a significant difference among the 3 groups. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between the BMI and systolic, dyastolic blood pressure. 2. Cholesterol was revealed to be significantly different among the 3 groups. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between the cholesterol and systolic, dyastolic blood pressure. 3. Urine protein and a cardiovascular family history was revealed to be significantly different among the 3 groups. The presence of urine protein and cardiovascular family history were significantly higher in hypertensives than nomotensives. 4. A preference for salty food, a preference for flesh and the frequency of flesh eating were not significantly different among the 3 groups. 5. Smoking habits, frequency and duration of cigarette smoking were not significantly different among 3 groups. 6. The habit of alcohol consumption and the frequency and duration of alcohol consumption were not significantly different among the 3 groups. 7. The habit of exercise and its frequency and duration were not significantly different among the 3 groups. 8. Statistically significant elevated odds ratios were noted in the following BMI(mild hypertensives; 2.48, moderate. severe hypertensives ; 4.65), urine protein(mild hypertensives ; 2.37, moderate. severe hypertensives; 6.77), cholesterol(moderate. severe hypertensives ;1.64), cardiovascular family histoy(moderate severe hypertensives; 4.77). Based on these results, the significant risk factors of mild, moderate. severe hypertension were BMI, cholesterol, urine protein, and family history, but diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, and exercise had no significant association.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.335-351
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• 2008

Adequate nutrients intake and regular eating habit are so important for the students to develop physical and mental health, and they contribute significantly for the development of intellectual capacity. The intake of simple sugar contained in the processed foods is known to have been related not only with such physical problems as obesity and diabetes but also with hyperactivity during growing period. This study analysed the effects of carbohydrate processed snacks on the middle school students' emotional intelligence and intended to demonstrate the correlation and the influence of the foods. The subjects of this study were 476 the 1st grade middle school students sampled from two public middle schools of Gyeonggi Province, Korea. Questionnaire contained 47 questions including the kinds of sugar containing processed foods, the frequency of intake, the frequency of normal diet, and the emotional test. All data obtained in this study were processed by SAS 8.2 program. 77.9% of the students had snacks more than once a day and the favored foods were in the order of bread, cookies, fruit, milk and dairy products, flour foods, ramen and ice cream. Less of the sugar contained processed snacks consumed high emotional intelligence showed(p<0.001). And low intake of carbohydrate processed snacks linked with having more regular meals and the higher levels of emotional intelligence. There was no gender difference in consuming simple sugar containing processed foods, however, out of these foods, carbonated drinks, ramen and pizza affected significantly the emotional intelligence of the male students. It was found that sugar contained processed snacks affect the eating habits like meal skipping and the emotional intelligence. It is determined that the effects of carbohydrate processed snacks on emotional intelligence can not be denied.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.250-259
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• 1996

The school foodservice(FS) dietitians of conventional, co-management and central kitchen systems were compared for their levels of fatigue degrees in order to examine their work specification but no to diminish their educational roles. One hundred and thirtheen primary schools in Taejon and Chungcheongnam-Do participated in the survey, of which foodservice were consisted of 99 conventional types, 7 comanagement types and central kitchen types. Information was collected about the various working hours dietary behavior and fatigue symptoms of the dietitians. The results of this study were as follows : Among 3 school foodservice types, dietitians spent 8 hours and 16 minutes daily for their for their work on the average. However, the central kitchen type dietitans in cities spent 3 hours more compared to the others. The data from the dietitians' work schedule sheets showed that the 5 parts of dietitian's duties set in the school foodservice laws were not well performed. In the central kitchen type they spent more time for food production whereas in the conventional they spent more time for menu formation and hygiene control. It was found that fatigue levels of school foodservice dietitians were chronic with no difference among foodservice systems or among school locations. Our results indicated that nutrition education in primary schools was almost neglected. It is suggested that the school foodservice should meet all the objectives of school-lunch program even though they saved dietitians' work load more or less. The importance of students to improve their dietary habits could never be overlooked. (Korean J Community Nutrition 1(2) : 250-259, 1996)

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.487-491
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• 2014

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that is distributed worldwide. Recently, several tests for avidity of Toxoplasma IgG antibodies have been introduced to help discriminate between recently acquired and distant infections. The study was conducted in Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, India from February 2011 to September 2012. Serum specimens were subjected to Toxoplasma IgM ELISA and IgG avidity ELISA test. Out of 48 patients with abortions, 17 (35.4%) were positive for IgM ELISA, and 8 (16.6%) had low IgG avidity antibodies. Out of 48 patients with other obstetric problems, 23 (47.9%) were positive for IgM ELISA, and 17 (35.4%) had low IgG avidity antibodies. Combining both groups on avidity test, only 25 of 40 (62.5 %) IgM-positive women had low-avidity IgG antibodies suggesting a recent T. gondii infection in these women. More importantly, 15 (37.5%) of the IgM-positive women had high-avidity antibodies suggesting that the infection was acquired before gestation The relation of IgM seropositivity with the following risk factors was not found to be statistically significant; contact with cats (0.13), non-vegetarian food habits (0.05), and low socio-economic status (0.49). While, for IgG avidity ELISA, only contact with cats (0.01) was significantly associated with seropositivity. All other risk factors have P-values of >0.05 (not significant). IgG avidity test when used in combination with IgM test was a valuable assay for diagnosis of ongoing or recently acquired T. gondii infection in India.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권1호통권29호
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• pp.141-159
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• 1995

The causes and treatment of alopecia are concluded based on the records found successive oriental medicine in order to persuade new treatments for alopecia as following : 1. In the context of modern medical science male-dominated alopecia was referred as dok-rak(禿落), cho-dok(早禿), chon-dok(全禿), pal-ju-tal-bal, chu-bal-sun and pal-sun(髮癬) alternatively, while alopecia areata was refereed as yu-pung(油風), pan-dok(斑禿), kwi-ji-du and kwi-che-du(鬼剃頭). 2. The causes of alopecia is related with condition of Gi(vital energy) and Hyul(blood) in the twelve channels, such as weakening of vital energy in the conduits, condition of internal organs as heat in the lung, weak kidney or liver vitality, and eating habits such as severe ingestion of bitter taste or sweet taste food. Other distinct reasons are penetration of wind and dryness into a head due to weakening Gi and Hyul inside human body, flaring up of the asthenic fire due to excessive eatings, hard labour or psychological sufferings deficiency of blood, deficiency of vital essence of kidney, phlegm caused by dampness and heat, and stagnated blood. 3. According to demonstration of alopecia, the causes of alopecia areata are listed as internal wind due to heat of blood, deficiency of liver and kidney, blookage of channels and collaterals by stagnated blood, and causes of male-dominated alopecia are listed as wind dryness caused by heat of blood, dampness and heat, and heat, wind and dryness due to deficiency of blood.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.418-427
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• 2009

As many people are westernizing their life style and food consumption habits, a number of patients who have malignant tumors which grow very rapidly and hazardously destroy the human body are increasing. Ultrasonic hyperthermia is not only one of the tumor treatment methods which employs the non-radioactive ultrasonic waves to increase the temperature at the tumor region up to $40\sim45^{\circ}C$ to destroy and suppress tumor cells but also has been proved by many studies. Due to the rapid development of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound(HIFU), the ultrasound hyperthemia extensively boosts its applications in clinical field. For those reasons, Computed simulation factor should be needed before inspection to patients. To prove efficiency of ultrasonic hyperthermia, precise acoustic field measurement considering tissue characteristics and a heating experiment with tissue mimicking material phantom were conducted for effectiveness of simulation program. Finally, in this study, the computer simulation program verified the anticipated temperature effects induced by ultrasound hyperthermia. In the near future, it is hoped that this simulation program could be utilized to improve the efficiency of ultrasound hyperthermia.

• 농촌계획
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1996

The objectives of the study were to. 1) explain the seriousness of environmental problems and the importance of environmental education in rural development , and 2) explore more effective and efficient ways of environmental education for agriculture and rural development in Korea. The world has rapidly changed and concepts such as clientele -centered, efficiency, and globalization are flowing under this change. Agriculture or rural development is not an exception. In order for agriculture as an occupation and rural communities to have competitiveness in efficiency and attractiveness, it is important to develop and execute a well-planned program for agriculture and rural development. Otherwise, farmers and rural inhabitants will continue to leave the agriculture and rural areas. Frequent recent reports of newspapers on nit and water pollution, including nutrients and pesticides have brought attention to the seriousness of environmental problems in Korea. Environmental concerns should consider in planning and executing the rural development program. People want to get contamination-free foods, water and fresh air. They can and are willing to pay their money for high quality food, water and a better living environment, as their incomes have been increasing, Agriculture and rural communities may have competitiveness in these aspects. It is irony that environmental concerns makes the possibility of changes in agriculture and rural development in Korea. Environmental education will have an increasingly important role in agriculture and rural development. Environmental problems relate to the human behavior in various aspects. Many environmental problems are mainly rooted to people's ignorance and spending-habits, and lack of technology related to environment. These human behaviors are the focus that environmental education should teach and change. Environmental education has been carried out through various subjects in school education in Korea, but "Environment" in middle school and "Environmental Science" in high school were separated as a regular subject from 1996. Environmental education still has a lot of room for development from a theoretical frame work. Environmental education should be carried out as action-oriented, student-centered programs. Various teaching materials, programs and proper supporting budget should be developed so that environmental education fulfills its necessary role well in agriculture and rural development. A textbook about the environment alone will not guarantee a high quality environmental education.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2005

Although nutrition education for pregnant women is important, few such programs have been carefully examined from the participants' perspective in Korea. Focus groups were used to identify 1) perceived eating behaviors during pregnancy and lactation, 2) factors associated with healthy eating behaviors, and 3) needs for nutrition education programs. Using a trained moderator, we conducted 7 focus group interviews with 44 pregnant women over a four-month period. Focus group discussions were video - and audio - taped, transcribed and categorized by major themes. Participants expressed interest in receiving nutrition education regarding healthy eating, weight control after delivery, weaning foods and health management, yet they showed little interest in breastfeeding. The majority of them said that meal balance and meal regularity were the most important components of good health during pregnancy. They were less likely to be confident about taking dietary supplements, including Oriental medicines. life stress and poor appetite associated with pregnancy were major barriers to healthy eating habits during pregnancy. The most important sources of nutrition and health information were friends and family members, especially those who had become pregnant recently. Qualified educators and reliable information appeared to be the most important aspects of program development. Regarding types of nutrition education, participants tended to prefer a combination of individual counseling and small group education with hands-on materials and interactive formats. The use of Web-based nutrition education was well received Major concerns about Web-based nutrition education were authenticity, tailored messages and interactive formats for sharing information. These results offer useful information for designing nutrition education programs for pregnant and lactating women in Korea for health promotion.